Classical Mechanics

1. Classical mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the motion and behavior of objects under the influence of forces. It is based on Newton's laws of motion and the principles of energy and momentum conservation. Classical mechanics describes the motion of everyday objects, from the motion of a baseball being thrown to the orbits of planets around the sun. It provides a framework for understanding and predicting the behavior of systems ranging from simple particles to complex systems like the dynamics of machines and structures. By studying classical mechanics, we can analyze and solve problems related to motion, forces, and energy in a wide range of physical phenomena.

What is the law of conservation of energy?

A) Energy is constantly decreasing in a closed system.
B) Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
C) Energy is not a factor in mechanical systems.
D) Energy can be created and destroyed at will.

2. Which of the following is not a type of potential energy?

A) Chemical potential energy
B) Elastic potential energy
C) Kinetic energy
D) Gravitational potential energy

3. What is the law of inertia also known as?

A) Newton's third law of motion
B) Newton's first law of motion
C) Newton's second law of motion
D) Einstein's theory of relativity

4. What is the force acting on an object in equilibrium?

A) Infinity
B) Zero
C) Dependent on mass
D) Variable

5. What does the principle of conservation of momentum state?

A) The total momentum of an isolated system remains constant if no external forces act on it.
B) Momentum depends on the size of the objects.
C) Momentum constantly increases in any system.
D) Momentum can be created or destroyed at will.

6. What type of motion is exhibited by a simple pendulum?

A) Simple harmonic motion
B) Circular motion
C) Uniform linear motion
D) Non-linear motion

7. What is the unit of measurement for momentum?

A) Joule
B) kg m/s
C) N
D) m/s²

8. Which law of motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?

A) Newton's law of gravitation
B) Newton's first law of motion
C) Newton's third law of motion
D) Newton's second law of motion

9. What is the principle of superposition in classical mechanics?

A) The displacement of a particle is directly proportional to the applied force.
B) The total energy of a system is constant over time without any external forces.
C) The total force on a particle is the vector sum of all individual forces acting on it.
D) The net force on a particle is equal to the mass times acceleration.

10. The area under a force vs. displacement graph represents which quantity in classical mechanics?

A) Work
B) Pressure
C) Energy
D) Power

11. What is the SI unit of force?

A) Joule
B) Watt
C) Newton
D) Kilogram

12. What is the rotational equivalent of mass?

A) Angular velocity
B) Moment of inertia
C) Angular acceleration
D) Torque

13. What is the principle of virtual work used for?

A) To determine conservation of energy.
B) To analyze equilibrium conditions and solve for unknown forces in a system.
C) To calculate acceleration of an object.
D) To study projectile motion.

14. What does Hooke's law describe?

A) The relationship between the force applied to a spring and the resulting extension or compression of the spring.
B) The law of conservation of momentum.
C) The relationship between force and acceleration.
D) The law of universal gravitation.

15. Which of the following quantities is defined as the rate of change of displacement in classical mechanics?

A) Kinetic Energy
B) Acceleration
C) Velocity
D) Force

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