 - 1. Who published an early edition of the Chronicle in 1644 based on manuscript G?
A) Benjamin Thorpe
B) Edmund Gibson
C) Abraham Wheelocke
D) John Earle
- 2. What was the title of Edmund Gibson's 1692 edition of the Chronicle?
A) The Old English Chronicle
B) Chronicon Saxonicum
C) Venerabilis Bedae Historia Ecclesiastica
D) Two of the Saxon Chronicles Parallel
- 3. Which manuscript was the chief source for Gibson's 1692 edition?
A) Cotton MS Domitian A VIII
B) Peterborough Chronicle
C) Cotton MS Tiberius A VI
D) Abingdon Chronicle
- 4. Who superseded Gibson's edition in 1861 with a Rolls Series edition?
A) John Earle
B) Benjamin Thorpe
C) Charles Plummer
D) David Dumville
- 5. Who revised John Earle's 1865 edition of the Chronicle in 1892 and 1899?
A) Charles Plummer
B) Janet Bately
C) Dorothy Whitelock
D) Michael Swanton
- 6. Which authors are credited with the 2025 A-Text edition published by Dumbarton Oaks?
A) Dumville and Keynes
B) Thorpe, Plummer, and Earle
C) Rositzke, Magoun, and Classen
D) Bately, Harris, and O'Keeffe
- 7. Who are the editors of 'The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: A Collaborative Edition' series?
A) Peter Baker and Patrick Conner
B) Robin Flower and Hugh Smith
C) Janet Bately and Susan Irvine
D) David Dumville and Simon Keynes
- 8. Why was manuscript G excluded from 'The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: A Collaborative Edition'?
A) The editors deemed it historically insignificant.
B) An excellent edition by Angelika Lutz was recently published.
C) The manuscript is written in Latin.
D) The manuscript was lost.
- 9. What is the publisher of 'The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: A Collaborative Edition'?
A) Manchester University Press
B) Oxford University Press
C) D. S. Brewer
D) Dumbarton Oaks
- 10. Who edited the 1926 scholarly edition of the D manuscript?
A) E. Classen and F. E. Harmer
B) F. P. Magoun, Jr.
C) H. A. Rositzke
D) David Dumville
- 11. Which manuscript is identified as Cotton MS Domitian A VIII?
A) Manuscript F
B) Manuscript A
C) Manuscript B
D) Manuscript C
- 12. Which manuscript is identified as Cotton MS Tiberius B IV?
A) Manuscript C
B) Manuscript D
C) Manuscript A
D) Manuscript E
- 13. Who edited the facsimile edition of MS F published in 1995?
A) David Dumville
B) Peter Baker
C) Simon Taylor
D) Susan Irvine
- 14. Who edited the 1951 translation of the E text titled The Peterborough Chronicle?
A) H. A. Rositzke
B) Michael Swanton
C) Benjamin Thorpe
D) Dorothy Whitelock
- 15. Around what year does the Common Stock of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle date?
A) 871
B) 893
C) 900
D) 850
- 16. Which author is noted to have had access to a version of the Chronicle for his 893 biography of King Alfred?
A) Michael Lapidge
B) Simon Keynes
C) Bishop Asser
D) Bede
- 17. Where is it generally agreed that the Common Stock was compiled?
A) Kent
B) Wessex
C) Northumbria
D) Mercia
- 18. What is the status of the original archetype of the Common Stock?
A) It survives in multiple copies
B) It is kept in the British Library
C) It was destroyed by Vikings
D) It is lost
- 19. What specific event does the Common Stock cover in 893?
A) The return of the Vikings from the Continent
B) The death of King Alfred
C) The coronation of Alfred
D) The battle of Hastings
- 20. In what scholarly circle was the Common Stock probably produced?
A) The circle around King Alfred
B) The circle around the Pope
C) The circle of Mercian monks
D) The circle around Bishop Asser
- 21. What do Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge advise regarding the Common Stock?
A) Assume it is purely royal propaganda
B) Ignore its historical value
C) Reject it as a forgery
D) Resist the temptation to regard it as West Saxon dynastic propaganda
- 22. Which work is cited as a possible inspiration for the Common Stock?
A) Life of Charlemagne
B) Ecclesiastical History of the English People
C) The Anglo-Saxon Code of Law
D) Royal Frankish Annals
- 23. What might have prompted the publication of the Common Stock?
A) Renewed Scandinavian attacks on Wessex
B) A desire to record Kentish history
C) The death of the king
D) A request from the Vatican
- 24. Why is it difficult to identify distinct sources in the Common Stock?
A) The handwriting changes constantly
B) The text is written in multiple dialects
C) The manuscript is badly damaged
D) There are no obvious shifts in language features
- 25. What is of 'especial historical interest' in the Common Stock?
A) The maps included in the text
B) The detailed descriptions of weather patterns
C) Where it offers unique material
D) The lists of royal genealogies
- 26. What is the collective term for the early sources incorporated into the Chronicle?
A) Royal Annals
B) Alfredian Manuscripts
C) Common Stock
D) Wessex Records
- 27. What is the earliest date recorded in the Chronicle?
A) 449 AD
B) 55 BC
C) 60 BC
D) 1 AD
- 28. What historical event is associated with the year 60 BC in the Chronicle?
A) The Roman withdrawal
B) Julius Caesar's invasions
C) The death of Alfred the Great
D) The arrival of the Angles
- 29. When was the Chronicle last actively updated?
A) 1154
B) 1116
C) 1066
D) 1200
- 30. How many manuscripts of the Chronicle survive today?
A) Seven
B) Five
C) Twelve
D) Nine
- 31. Where is the oldest manuscript of the Chronicle held?
A) Peterborough Abbey
B) Parker Library, Cambridge
C) British Library
D) Bodleian Library, Oxford
- 32. How many manuscripts are held in the British Library?
A) One
B) Nine
C) Seven
D) Three
- 33. Who referred to the Chronicle and Bede's Ecclesiastical History as the two great Anglo-Saxon works of history?
A) A medieval scribe
B) Julius Caesar
C) Nicholas Howe
D) Alfred the Great
- 34. When did the Peterborough text begin showing evidence of Middle English?
A) 1131
B) 1066
C) 1154
D) 1116
- 35. What happened at Peterborough Abbey in 1116?
A) A fire
B) The original was discovered
C) The monks were exiled
D) The monastery was founded
- 36. What is the earliest year recorded in the 'world history annals' of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle?
A) 449AD
B) 800AD
C) 500AD
D) 60BC
- 37. Which of these authors did the 'world history annals' draw from?
A) Augustine
B) Caesar
C) Tacitus
D) Jerome
- 38. In what year does the coverage of non-British history largely vanish?
A) 449
B) 600
C) 60
D) 726
- 39. According to the text, when was the unreliability of the Chronicle's fifth and sixth-century narrative exposed?
A) The 1970s
B) The 1980s
C) The 1990s
D) The 1950s
- 40. When did the reign of Ine of Wessex take place?
A) 449–480
B) 600–650
C) 500–538
D) 689–726
- 41. In the Common Stock, when was the beginning of the reign of Cerdic pushed back to?
A) 500AD
B) 538AD
C) 689AD
D) 449AD
- 42. What is the true origin of the name of the Isle of Wight?
A) A Saxon king
B) Wihtgar
C) The Latin name Vectis
D) Wihtwarabyrg
- 43. What is the likely true name of the fortress referred to in the Chronicle as Wihtgaræsbyrg?
A) Wessexford
B) Wihtwarabyrg
C) Cerdicesora
D) Vectisburg
- 44. Who argues that a ninth-century text is only reliable for the fifth and sixth century if based on written sources from that time?
A) Ken Dark
B) Rufinus
C) Isidore of Seville
D) Bede
- 45. Which century is associated with the beginning of annals being kept in Wessex?
A) Seventh century
B) Ninth century
C) Eighth century
D) Sixth century
- 46. What is suggested as the origin of the notes used to distinguish years in Easter Tables?
A) Memorable events
B) Weather patterns
C) Royal tax records
D) Astronomical observations
- 47. Which annal is cited as the possible start of contemporary record-keeping?
A) 648
B) 800
C) 661
D) 755
- 48. Who took the kingship of Wessex from Sigeberht according to the 755 entry?
A) Cynewulf
B) Egbert
C) Alfred
D) Cenwalh
- 49. What feature of the 755 entry suggests it was taken from saga material?
A) Direct speech quotations
B) A detailed family tree
C) References to religious relics
D) Descriptions of magical events
- 50. What is the conventional naming convention for the surviving Anglo-Saxon Chronicle manuscripts?
A) 1 through 9
B) North through South
C) A through I
D) Alpha through Iota
- 51. In what year was Earl Ælfgar of East Anglia briefly exiled?
A) 1055
B) 829
C) 1058
D) 1022
- 52. Who was the father of Earl Ælfgar?
A) Earl Leofric
B) Earl Godwine
C) King Cnut
D) King Gruffudd
- 53. According to Rebecca Thomas, what perspective does manuscript [E] represent?
A) Pro-Northumbrian
B) Pro-Æthelredian
C) Pro-Mercian
D) Pro-Godwine
- 54. Which year saw Ælfgar exiled for a second time, an event only recorded in manuscript [D]?
A) 1022
B) 1055
C) 983
D) 1058
- 55. Which specific period is affected by the two-year dislocation in the Common Stock?
A) 1045–1052
B) 845–900
C) 756–845
D) 1091–1095
- 56. How many entries are recorded for the year 1052 in the affected section of manuscript [D]?
A) None
B) One
C) Three
D) Two
- 57. What is identified as a difficult problem regarding the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle's chronology?
A) The destruction of the original parchment
B) The lack of ink for some entries
C) The use of multiple languages
D) The date at which a new year began
- 58. Which date did the entry for 1091 in manuscript [E] start at?
A) 1 January
B) September
C) Christmas
D) 25 March
- 59. When did Edward the Confessor's marriage occur according to the text?
A) 25 March
B) 25 December
C) 22 April
D) 23 January
- 60. Where did the fire that damaged manuscript [G] occur in 1731?
A) Ashburnham House
B) Peterborough Monastery
C) Winchester Cathedral
D) Canterbury Abbey
- 61. Which manuscript provided material for the compilation of [C] at Abingdon?
A) [D]
B) [E]
C) [B]
D) [A]
- 62. What historical text did manuscript [D] include material from?
A) Chronicon Æthelweardi
B) Asser's Life of King Alfred
C) Annals of St Neots
D) Bede's Ecclesiastical History
- 63. When did the fire at Peterborough occur that probably destroyed their copy of the Chronicle?
A) 1116
B) 1070
C) 887
D) 1075
- 64. Which manuscript could have been in existence by 893?
A) [A]
B) [E]
C) [C]
D) [B]
- 65. Where were the Annals of St Neots written?
A) Winchester
B) Bury St Edmunds
C) Abingdon
D) Canterbury
- 66. Where was the Winchester Chronicle begun?
A) Old Minster, Winchester
B) Canterbury Cathedral
C) Abingdon Abbey
D) Corpus Christi College
- 67. When did the first scribe of the Winchester Chronicle cease his entries?
A) 891
B) 955
C) 975
D) 925
- 68. What term does the eighth scribe of the Winchester Chronicle use to refer to Winchester?
A) civitas
B) burg
C) ceaster
D) minster
- 69. After which year does the Winchester Chronicle become independent of other recensions?
A) 955
B) 891
C) 975
D) 924
- 70. To which location was the Winchester Chronicle transferred in the early 11th century?
A) Canterbury
B) Old Minster
C) Abingdon
D) London
- 71. What follows the last vernacular entry in the Winchester Chronicle?
A) Acta Lanfranci
B) Genealogy of Alfred
C) Laws of Alfred
D) List of kings
- 72. How many scribes wrote the annals for 925–955 in the Winchester Chronicle?
A) Three
B) Several
C) One
D) Two
- 73. What is the Abingdon Chronicle I written on in terms of folios?
A) Folios 1–20
B) Folios 1–32
C) Folios 10–50
D) Folios 1–34
- 74. Who wrote the Abingdon Chronicle I?
A) Archbishop Parker
B) A group of monks
C) Several scribes
D) A single scribe
- 75. What is the final year of the entry in the Abingdon Chronicle I?
A) 975
B) 1093
C) 977
D) 1070
- 76. Which British Library manuscript was originally the introduction to the Abingdon Chronicle I?
A) Cotton Tiberius Aiii
B) Parker MS
C) Old Minster MS
D) Acta Lanfranci
- 77. Where was the Abingdon Chronicle I located in the mid-11th century?
A) Winchester
B) Canterbury
C) Abingdon
D) London
- 78. Which manuscript was composed using the Abingdon Chronicle I?
A) E
B) A
C) C
D) D
- 79. The second scribe of manuscript C took over from which entry?
A) 1048
B) 915
C) 652
D) 490
- 80. The Mercian Register in manuscript C covers which years?
A) 1033–1054
B) 902–924
C) 491–652
D) 972–1016
- 81. How many scribes can be identified for the entries in manuscript D up to 1054?
A) Five
B) Two
C) Six
D) Three
- 82. Who is thought to have composed some entries in manuscript D?
A) Matthew Parker
B) John Joscelyn
C) Æthelflæd
D) Archbishop Wulfstan
- 83. Who was the secretary to Matthew Parker who added pages to manuscript D?
A) John Joscelyn
B) Ealdwulf
C) Oswald
D) Archbishop Wulfstan
- 84. Up to what year do the entries in manuscript D show five different scribes?
A) 1066
B) 1054
C) 1016
D) 1033
- 85. Up to which year was the Peterborough manuscript written by a single scribe?
A) 1131
B) 1121
C) 1116
D) 1154
- 86. Who owned the manuscript known as the Laud Chronicle?
A) William Camden
B) Robert Talbot
C) William Laud
D) William L'Isle
- 87. Who was one of the later scribes to make annotations in the Canterbury Bilingual Epitome?
A) William L'Isle
B) William Camden
C) William Laud
D) Robert Talbot
- 88. Around what year was the Canterbury Bilingual Epitome written?
A) 1116
B) 1154
C) 1100
D) 1131
- 89. Who is believed to have passed the Peterborough manuscript on to William Laud?
A) William L'Isle
B) Nowell
C) William Camden
D) Joscelyn
- 90. What is the last annal recorded in [A2]?
A) 1013
B) 1113
C) 1001
D) 1114
- 91. Based on the appended episcopal list, by what year was [A2] likely copied?
A) 1731
B) 1013
C) 1643
D) 1001
- 92. Who was the 16th-century antiquary who made a transcript of [A2]?
A) Abraham Wheelocke
B) Laurence Nowell
C) Plummer
D) Thorpe
- 93. In what year was the edition of the Chronicle using Nowell's transcript printed?
A) 1643
B) 1013
C) 1731
D) 1001
- 94. Which scholar is responsible for the appellation [A2]?
A) Thorpe
B) Smith
C) Plummer
D) Wheelocke
- 95. Until which year are the Easter Table Chronicle entries in English?
A) 1066
B) 1109
C) 1085
D) 1121
- 96. When was part of the Easter Table Chronicle written by a scribe?
A) 1200
B) 1066
C) 1100
D) Soon after 1073
- 97. What is the original annalist's entry for the Norman conquest in the Easter Table Chronicle?
A) 7 her com willelm
B) Her forðferde eadward kyng
C) The battle of Hastings
D) William became king
- 98. How many leaves has the Cambridge University Library MS. Hh.1.10 lost?
A) 10
B) 100
C) 25
D) 52
- 99. Who suggested there was a manuscript at Winchester in the mid-tenth century?
A) Dorothy Whitelock
B) William of Malmesbury
C) Geoffrey Gaimar
D) Henry of Huntingdon
- 100. William of Malmesbury omits any reference to a battle fought by whom in 652?
A) William the Conqueror
B) Cenwealh
C) Anselm of Canterbury
D) Edward the Elder
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