How to restore stained glass windows
  • 1. What is the first step in restoring a stained glass window?
A) Documenting the existing condition
B) Replacing broken pieces
C) Cleaning the glass
D) Adding new lead came
  • 2. What type of photography is best for documenting stained glass?
A) Black and white film photography
B) High-resolution digital photography
C) Sketching
D) Polaroid photography
  • 3. What is used to clean stained glass before restoration?
A) Mild soap and water
B) Abrasive cleaner
C) Vinegar
D) Acid-based cleaner
  • 4. What material is commonly used to replace broken pieces of glass?
A) Mirror
B) Matching glass from a similar period
C) Plexiglass
D) Modern, colored glass
  • 5. What is the purpose of 'tracing' in stained glass restoration?
A) Cleaning the lead came
B) Measuring the glass thickness
C) Finding the correct glass color
D) Reproducing the original painted details
  • 6. What is 'lead came'?
A) A type of glass paint
B) A cleaning solution
C) A safety device
D) The grooved lead strips that hold the glass together
  • 7. How is old lead came removed?
A) Carefully cutting and prying it away from the glass
B) Soaking it in acid
C) Melting it off with a torch
D) Smashing it with a hammer
  • 8. What tool is used to shape and smooth lead came?
A) A hammer
B) A screwdriver
C) Pliers
D) A lead knife or fid
  • 9. What is 'cementing' in stained glass restoration?
A) Strengthening the glass
B) Gluing broken pieces together
C) Cleaning the glass surface
D) Filling the gaps between the glass and lead came
  • 10. What is the purpose of cementing?
A) To make the window watertight and structurally sound
B) To prevent the lead from tarnishing
C) To make the window easier to clean
D) To make the window more colorful
  • 11. What type of cement is typically used?
A) Super glue
B) A mixture of whiting, boiled linseed oil, and black pigment
C) Portland cement
D) Epoxy resin
  • 12. After cementing, what is done to remove excess cement?
A) It is sandblasted
B) It is left to dry naturally
C) It is wiped with a wet cloth
D) The window is cleaned with whiting and brushes
  • 13. What is a saddle bar?
A) A cleaning product
B) A metal bar that provides structural support to the window
C) A tool used to cut glass
D) A type of lead came
  • 14. How are saddle bars attached to the window?
A) Screws
B) Glue
C) Nails
D) Soldering or tie wires
  • 15. What is the purpose of patination?
A) To protect the glass from UV rays
B) To make the lead shinier
C) To make the lead stronger
D) To artificially age the lead came
  • 16. What chemical is often used for patination?
A) Bleach
B) Hydrochloric acid
C) Liver of sulfur
D) Vinegar
  • 17. What safety precautions should be taken when handling lead?
A) No precautions are needed
B) Only wear gloves
C) Just avoid touching it
D) Wear gloves and a respirator, and wash hands thoroughly
  • 18. What is the purpose of beeswax in stained glass restoration?
A) To make the lead more flexible
B) To glue broken pieces together
C) To polish and protect the lead came
D) To clean the glass
  • 19. What is the final step in restoring a stained glass window before re-installation?
A) Adding extra lead came
B) Painting the frame
C) Applying a sealant
D) Thorough cleaning and polishing
  • 20. Why is it important to document the restoration process?
A) To increase the window's value
B) For historical record and future maintenance
C) To show off your skills
D) Because it's required by law
  • 21. What is the best type of sealant to use around a restored stained glass window during reinstallation?
A) Concrete
B) Silicone sealant
C) Expanding foam
D) A flexible, paintable sealant
  • 22. What type of glass is generally preferred for repair?
A) Laminated glass
B) Antique or mouth-blown glass
C) Tempered glass
D) Float glass
  • 23. When should epoxy be used in stained glass repair?
A) As the primary adhesive for all repairs
B) To repair cracks in glass, only when other methods are not feasible
C) To clean the glass
D) To replace lead came
  • 24. What is a 'cartoon' in the context of stained glass?
A) The full-size drawing of the window design
B) A type of stained glass paint
C) A funny drawing on the window
D) A safety poster
  • 25. What does the term 'releading' refer to?
A) Adding decorative lead elements
B) Replacing all of the lead came in a window
C) Cleaning the lead
D) Painting the lead
  • 26. What is the purpose of using copper foil instead of lead came?
A) To make the window lighter
B) To make the window cheaper
C) To make the window stronger
D) To allow for more intricate designs and smaller pieces of glass
  • 27. How can you protect stained glass windows from future damage?
A) Hose the windows down regularly
B) Paint the outside with a protective coating
C) Install protective glazing, such as polycarbonate sheets
D) Do nothing; they are already protected
  • 28. What is a 'grisailles'?
A) A chemical used to clean glass
B) A type of lead came
C) Monochrome painting on glass, typically in shades of gray
D) A type of colored glass
  • 29. What is the best way to store removed stained glass panels during restoration?
A) Standing upright against a wall
B) Stacked on top of each other
C) Outside in the open air
D) Flat, on a padded surface, and protected from light and dust
  • 30. What should you do if you find significant structural damage to the window frame?
A) Patch it up with duct tape
B) Consult a structural engineer or experienced contractor
C) Replace the frame yourself without consulting a professional
D) Ignore it and proceed with the restoration
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