Social Theory And Social Structure by Robert K. Merton

1. Which adaptation mode involves accepting cultural goals and means?

A) Innovation
B) Conformity
C) Rebellion
D) Retreatism

2. Merton's concept of 'manifest functions' refers to:

A) Only social functions
B) Unintended and hidden consequences
C) Intended and recognized consequences
D) Latent consequences only

3. What term describes a situation where society emphasizes certain goals but not all individuals have equal access to the means?

A) Strain
B) Conflict
C) Dysfunction
D) Anarchy

4. What is the basic unit of analysis in Merton's sociological theories?

A) Government policies
B) The social structure
C) Cultural artifacts
D) Individual personality

5. Merton distinguished between which two types of functions?

A) Normative and deviant functions
B) Primary and secondary functions
C) Structural and individual functions
D) Manifest and latent functions

6. Merton categorized deviance into how many forms?

A) Two
B) Three
C) Five
D) Four

7. What is a key characteristic of innovators in Merton's typology?

A) They accept cultural goals but reject means
B) They adhere to both goals and means
C) They seek completely new goals
D) They reject both goals and means

8. Merton contrasts individual behavior with which broader concept?

A) Social structure
B) Cultural norms
C) Biological instincts
D) Psychological factors

9. According to Merton, which of the following is true about rituals?

A) Ritualistic behavior is always illegal
B) Ritualists create new goals and means
C) Ritualists are innovators
D) Ritualists accept the means but reject the goals

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