CM4S-CLJ - Quiz
  • 1. What is the primary purpose of the criminal justice system?
A) To maintain peace and order
B) To regulate elections
C) To increase government
D) To control businesses
  • 2. Which is the first pillar of the Philippine Criminal Justice System?
A) Law Enforcement
B) Prosecution
C) Courts
D) Corrections
  • 3. Which pillar is responsible for investigating crimes and apprehending offenders?
A) Courts
B) Law Enforcement
C) Community
D) Corrections
  • 4. Which agency is the primary law enforcement agency in the Philippines?
A) Supreme Court
B) Philippine National Police
C) Department of Justice
D) Bureau of Corrections
  • 5. What does PNP stand for?
A) Philippine National Prosecutors
B) Philippine Narcotics Police
C) Philippine National Police
D) Philippine National Protection
  • 6. Which pillar determines the guilt or innocence of an accused?
A) Courts
B) Law Enforcement
C) Community
D) Corrections
  • 7. Which pillar is responsible for the rehabilitation of offenders?
A) Prosecution
B) Corrections
C) Courts
D) Law Enforcement
  • 8. Which is considered the fifth pillar of the criminal justice system?
A) Community
B) Judiciary
C) Police
D) Prosecution
  • 9. What is the role of the prosecution in criminal justice?
A) To represent the state in criminal cases
B) To decide court cases
C) To decide court cases
D) To manage prisons
E) To arrest all suspects
  • 10. Which department supervises the prosecution service in the Philippines?
A) Department of Social Welfare
B) Department of Justice
C) Department of the Interior
D) Department of National Defense
  • 11. What is a crime?
A) Any violation of school rules
B) Any disagreement between people
C) An act or omission punishable by law
D) Any unpopular behavior
  • 12. Who is a person suspected of committing a crime?
A) Prosecutor
B) Suspect
C) Judge
D) Witness
  • 13. Who is a person formally accused of committing a crime?
A) Accused
B) Complainant
C) Victim
D) Investigator
  • 14. What is the function of a judge?
A) To investigate crimes
B) To operate prisons
C) To hear and decide cases
D) To arrest suspects
  • 15. What is the function of a prosecutor?
A) To conduct patrol operations
B) To manage police stations
C) To sentence convicted persons
D) To determine whether criminal charges should be pursued
  • 16. What is due process?
A) Fair treatment according to law
B) Arrest without reason
C) Immediate punishment
D) Secret prosecution
  • 17. What principle states that an accused is considered innocent until proven guilty?
A) Double jeopardy
B) Judicial notice
C) Probable cause
D) Presumption of innocence
  • 18. What is probable cause?
A) A confession by the accused
B) Reasonable basis to believe that a crime has been committed and a person may be responsible
C) A final court decision
D) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
  • 19. What is the highest standard of proof in a criminal case?
A) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
B) Probable cause
C) Substantial evidence
D) Clear suspicion
  • 20. What is an arrest?
A) Questioning a witness
B) Taking a person into custody under lawful authority
C) Issuing a court decision
D) Filing a civil case
  • 21. What is a warrant of arrest?
A) A search record
B) A legal order authorizing the arrest of a person
C) prosecutor's recommendation
D) A police report
  • 22. Who generally issues a warrant of arrest in the Philippines?
A) Barangay official
B) Prosecutor
C) Police officer
D) Judge
  • 23. What is a search warrant?
A) A court order authorizing a lawful search for specified items
B) A police identification card
C) A prosecutor's report
D) An arrest record
  • 24. Which constitutional right protects people against unreasonable searches and seizures?
A) Right to vote
B) Right to education
C) Right to travel
D) Right against unreasonable searches and seizures
  • 25. What is custodial investigation?
A) A prison inspection
B) A community meeting
C) A court trial
D) Investigation conducted when a person is in custody and being questioned regarding an offense
  • 26. What right allows an accused to refuse to answer incriminating questions?
A) Right to property
B) Right against self-incrimination
C) Right to assembly
D) Right to suffrage
  • 27. What is double jeopardy?
A) Having two witnesses
B) Being prosecuted or punished twice for the same offense under circumstances prohibited by law
C) Being arrested twice
D) Having two lawyers
  • 28. What is bail?
A) A prison facility
B) Security given for the temporary release of an accused while the case is pending
C) A criminal sentence
D) A police investigation
  • 29. What is a complaint?
A) A police uniform
B) A prison order
C) A sworn written statement alleging that a person committed an offense
D) A court judgment
  • 30. What is an information?
A) A prison record
B) A formal accusation of an offense filed by the prosecutor in court
C) A police identification card
D) A witness statement only
  • 31. What is arraignment?
A) The investigation of a crime scene
B) The arrest of a suspect
C) The release of evidence
D) The proceeding where the accused is informed of the charge and asked to enter a plea
  • 32. What is a plea of guilty?
A) An appeal
B) A request for bail
C) A denial of the charge
D) An admission by the accused that they committed the offense charged
  • 33. What is a plea of not guilty?
A) An admission by the accused that they committed the offense charged
B) An appeal
C) C. A request for bail
D) A denial of the charge
  • 34. What is a trial?
A) A judicial examination of evidence and arguments in a case
B) A prison inspection
C) A police patrol
D) A community meeting
  • 35. What is evidence?
A) A police uniform
B) A court building
C) Information or material presented to establish facts in a case
D) A prison
  • 36. What is physical evidence?
A) A court decision
B) A person's opinion
C) A tangible object that may help establish facts
D) A legal argument
  • 37. What is testimonial evidence?
A) A physical object
B) A written law
C) Evidence given through a witness's testimony
D) A fingerprint only
  • 38. What is documentary evidence?
A) Evidence contained in documents or writings
B) Police uniforms
C) Oral testimony only
D) Physical weapons only
  • 39. What is chain of custody?
A) The appointment of judges
B) The transfer of police officers
C) The movement of prisoners between courts
D) The documented process of handling evidence from collection to presentation
  • 40. Why is chain of custody important?
A) It helps preserve the identity and integrity of evidence
B) It eliminates the need for investigation
C) It replaces witnesses
D) It determines the sentence
  • 41. What is a witness?
A) A prison officer only
B) A person who automatically decides a case
C) A person who provides relevant information about a case
D) A police vehicle
  • 42. What is a victim?
A) A person who suffers harm from a criminal act
B) The judge
C) The person who decides the case
D) The prosecutor
  • 43. What is investigation?
A) The systematic process of gathering facts and evidence about an offense
B) The punishment of an offender
C) The release of prisoners
D) The final court decision
  • 44. What is crime prevention?
A) Ignoring minor crimes
B) Punishing every suspect
C) Eliminating court proceedings
D) Actions designed to reduce or prevent criminal activity
  • 45. What is community policing?
A) A prison management system
B) A court procedure
C) A policing approach that encourages police and community cooperation
D) A system that excludes citizens
  • 46. What is the main goal of community policing?
A) Closing police stations
B) Eliminating police patrols
C) Building partnerships to address crime and community concerns
D) Increasing arrests only
  • 47. What does BJMP stand for?
A) Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
B) Bureau of Justice Management and Police
C) Bureau of Judicial Management and Prosecution
D) Bureau of Jail Monitoring and Protectio
  • 48. What is the primary responsibility of the BJMP?
A) Investigation of all national crimes
B) Management and supervision of district, city, and municipal jails
C) Conducting court trials
D) Prosecuting criminal cases
  • 49. What does BuCor stand for?
A) Bureau of Corrections
B) Bureau of Community Relations
C) Bureau of Criminal Operations
D) Bureau of Courts
  • 50. What is rehabilitation?
A) Conducting court hearings
B) The process of helping offenders change their behavior and reintegrate into society
C) Arresting suspects
D) Increasing prison sentences
  • 51. What is reintegration?
A) Returning an offender to the community as a functioning member of society
B) Arresting an offender again
C) Conducting a search
D) Filing a new criminal case
  • 52. What is probation?
A) A police investigation
B) A court-supervised alternative to imprisonment under applicable law
C) A court building
D) A search warrant
  • 53. What is parole?
A) Conditional release of a prisoner before the completion of the maximum sentence, subject to legal requirements
B) A criminal complaint
C) Immediate dismissal of a case
D) Police bail
  • 54. What is restorative justice?
A) Ignoring victims
B) Punishment without trial
C) Automatic imprisonment
D) An approach that emphasizes repairing harm caused by crime
  • 55. What is retribution?
A) Police investigation
B) Community service only
C) Crime prevention through education
D) Punishment imposed because an offender committed an offense
  • 56. What is deterrence?
A) Filing of civil cases
B) Investigation of evidence
C) Rehabilitation of witnesses
D) Prevention of crime by discouraging offending behavior
  • 57. What is incapacitation?
A) Restricting an offender's ability to commit further crimes
B) Conducting mediation
C) Releasing all prisoners
D) Giving an offender a promotion
  • 58. What is recidivism?
A) Court dismissal
B) Police recruitment
C) Repeated criminal behavior by an offender
D) First-time offending
  • 59. What is the judiciary?
A) The prosecution office only
B) The prison service
C) The police organization
D) The branch of government that interprets and applies the law through courts
  • 60. What is the Supreme Court?
A) The prosecution agency
B) The highest police office
C) The national prison
D) The highest court in the Philippines
  • 61. What is jurisdiction?
A) The power to arrest anyone
B) A prison classification
C) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case
D) A police patrol area only
  • 62. What is a judgment?
A) An arrest warrant Answer
B) A police investigation
C) The court's decision resolving a case
D) A witness statement
  • 63. What is an acquittal?
A) An arrest order
B) A police report
C) . A finding of guilt
D) A judgment finding the accused not guilty
  • 64. What is conviction?
A) A finding that no crime occurred
B) A police investigation
C) A judgment finding the accused guilty
D) A complaint
  • 65. What is an appeal?
A) A prison inspection
B) A request for a higher court to review a lower court's decision
C) An arrest procedure
D) A request for police assistance
  • 66. What is the rule of law?
A) Police officers are above the law
B) Judges may ignore laws
C) Only criminals must obey the law
D) Everyone is subject to the law
  • 67. What is equality before the law?
A) Judges may select who follows the law
B) People are entitled to equal legal protection without unlawful discrimination
C) Only wealthy people receive legal protection
D) Police officers receive unlimited privileges
  • 68. What is human rights?
A) Benefits given only to witnesses
B) Privileges given only to offenders
C) Basic rights and freedoms belonging to every person
D) Rights belonging only to government officials
  • 69. Why are human rights important in criminal justice?
A) They eliminate criminal laws
B) They prevent all arrests
C) They remove the courts
D) They protect individuals from abuse and unlawful government action
  • 70. What is police discretion?
A) The power of judges
B) The reasonable judgment exercised by police officers within the law
C) A prisoner's right
D) Unlimited police authority
  • 71. What is police ethics?
A) Principles that guide proper and professional police conduct
B) Rules for court sentencing
C) Prosecutorial procedures
D) Prison construction standards
  • 72. What is corruption in law enforcement?
A) Proper evidence handling
B) Following police regulations
C) Community service
D) Abuse of official position for improper personal or other benefit
  • 73. What is accountability?
A) Avoiding responsibility
B) Being responsible for one's actions and decisions
C) Hiding evidence
D) Ignoring complaints
  • 74. What is transparency?
A) Concealing official records
B) Destroying evidence
C) Openness in government actions and processes
D) Preventing public oversight
  • 75. What is police patrol?
A) Prison rehabilitation
B) Court sentencing
C) Regular movement and observation by police to maintain safety and prevent crime
D) Prosecutorial review
  • 76. What is a police blotter?
A) An official record of reported incidents and police activities
B) A prison sentence
C) A court judgment
D) A search warrant
  • 77. What is a crime scene
A) A prison cell
B) The place where a crime occurred or where relevant evidence may be found
C) police headquarters only
D) A courtroom
  • 78. What is crime scene preservation?
A) Protecting the scene from contamination, alteration, or loss of evidence
B) Allowing everyone to enter
C) Destroying physical evidence
D) Removing all evidence immediately
  • 79. What is forensic science?
A) The study of court administration only
B) The study of political campaigns
C) The application of scientific methods to legal investigations
D) The management of prisons
  • 80. What is fingerprint evidence?
A) Evidence based only on handwriting
B) Evidence based on the unique patterns of friction ridges
C) A court judgment
D) Oral testimony
  • 81. What is criminal profiling?
A) Automatically identifying a suspect
B) Sentencing an offender
C) Issuing a warrant
D) Developing characteristics of a likely offender based on crime-related information
  • 82. What is intelligence-led policing?
A) Court-based sentencing
B) Prison classification
C) A policing approach that uses analyzed information to guide decisions and operations
D) Policing without information
  • 83. What is crime mapping?
A) Conducting court trials
B) Using geographic information to identify crime patterns and locations
C) Managing prisons
D) Writing criminal laws
  • 84. What is a crime hotspot?
A) A courtroom
B) A police station
C) A prison facility
D) An area where crimes occur at relatively high frequency
  • 85. What is victimology?
A) The study of victims and their relationship to crime
B) The study of police uniforms
C) The study of prisons
D) The study of judges
  • 86. What is criminology?
A) The study of police vehicles
B) The scientific study of crime, criminals, victims, and crime control
C) The study of prison construction
D) The study of court buildings
  • 87. What is social control?
A) Mechanisms used by society to encourage conformity to rules and norms
B) Court sentencing only
C) Prison construction
D) Police arrest only
  • 88. What is formal social control?
A) Control exercised through laws and official institutions
B) Family advice only
C) Control through friendship only
D) Personal beliefs only
  • 89. What is informal social control?
A) Court sentencing
B) Police arrest
C) Control exercised through family, peers, community, and social norms
D) Prison confinement
  • 90. What is a juvenile offender?
A) A prosecutor
B) A person below the legally applicable age who is alleged or found to have committed an offense
C) Any adult offender
D) A police officer
  • 91. What is diversion?
A) Automatic imprisonment
B) An alternative process that may keep qualified youth offenders from formal court proceedings
C) A type of search warrant
D) A police patrol method
  • 92. What is mediation?
A) Automatic conviction
B) Police arrest
C) A process in which a neutral person helps parties reach an agreement
D) Prison confinement
  • 93. What is plea bargaining?
A) A search procedure
B) A police interrogation
C) A process in which the accused and prosecution negotiate a plea subject to legal and court requirements
D) A prison classification
  • 94. What is legal representation?
A) Prison management
B) Assistance provided by a lawyer in protecting a person's legal interests
C) Police protection only
D) Community supervision
  • 95. Prison management
A) It removes the judge's authority
B) It guarantees acquittal
C) It helps protect the accused's legal rights during proceedings
D) It prevents all investigations
  • 96. What is access to justice?
A) The right to avoid all laws
B) The power to arrest others
C) The right to ignore court orders
D) The ability of people to obtain fair and effective legal remedies
  • 97. What is the main purpose of criminal punishment?
A) To create fear without legal process
B) To eliminate constitutional rights
C) To punish innocent people
D) To achieve lawful objectives such as accountability, deterrence, and rehabilitation
  • 98. Why is cooperation among the five pillars important?
A) It gives police unlimited power
B) It prevents community participation
C) It eliminates the need for courts
D) It helps ensure a coordinated and effective criminal justice process
  • 99. What is the ultimate goal of the Criminal Justice System?
A) To promote justice, public safety, and the rule of law
B) To give unlimited authority to law enforcement
C) To increase the number of prisoners
D) To punish every person suspected of a crime
  • 100. What is a plea of guilty?
A) An appeal
B) A denial of the charge
C) An admission by the accused that they committed the offense charged
D) A request for bail
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