SOCPRO REVIEWER PRELIM: ETHICALLY QUESTIONABLE EDITION
  • 1. MADAMI BA?
A) Wla na...finish na...
B) I NEED MORE QUESTION!
C) SHIIIIIITTT!!!
D) Grabi ka naman boss....
E) Sure ka sa mga question na toh?
  • 2. What does the 'P' in the PLUS ethical decision-making model stand for?
A) Policies
B) People
C) Performance
D) Procedures
E) Principles
  • 3. According to the PLUS model, which aspect considers whether an action complies with company policies and professional codes?
A) Standards
B) Universal
C) Policies
D) Legal
E) Self
  • 4. In the PLUS framework, the 'L' component evaluates whether an action is:
A) Lucrative
B) Limited
C) Lawful
D) Logical
E) Legitimate
  • 5. Which PLUS component asks 'Would this action be acceptable if everyone did it?'
A) Policies
B) Universal
C) Legal
D) Self
E) Societal
  • 6. The 'U' in PLUS refers to universal principles such as:
A) Usability and accessibility
B) Honesty, fairness, and respect for users
C) Understanding and communication
D) User experience and interface design
E) Utility and functionality
  • 7. According to the PLUS model, the 'S' component involves:
A) Software standards
B) Personal integrity and accountability
C) System requirements
D) Security protocols
E) Stakeholder interests
  • 8. When applying PLUS to software development, which component would be violated by releasing software with known security vulnerabilities despite company policy?
A) Self
B) Policies
C) Legal
D) Universal
E) Technical
  • 9. In the PLUS model, a developer who refuses to work overtime to meet an unrealistic deadline is primarily considering which component?
A) Legal
B) Universal
C) Professional
D) Self
E) Policies
  • 10. Which PLUS component would be most concerned with data privacy laws like GDPR?
A) Self
B) Technical
C) Universal
D) Policies
E) Legal
  • 11. Stakeholder analysis in software development primarily examines:
A) Technical specifications and requirements
B) Project management methodologies
C) Code quality and testing procedures
D) Budget constraints and timelines
E) Who is affected by decisions and how
  • 12. Which of the following is typically NOT considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Developers and testers
B) End users
C) Clients/customers
D) Competitors
E) Society at large
  • 13. In stakeholder analysis, focusing on impact rather than intent means:
A) Prioritizing technical specifications over user needs
B) Following organizational procedures strictly
C) Maximizing profit for shareholders
D) Meeting project deadlines regardless of outcomes
E) Considering actual consequences of actions
  • 14. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder group experiences the most direct negative impact?
A) Users
B) Company management
C) Marketing team
D) Developers
E) Investors
  • 15. A key principle of stakeholder analysis is to:
A) Focus only on paying customers
B) Consider only technical stakeholders
C) Prioritize management interests above all
D) Ignore long-term societal impacts
E) Identify all affected parties and assess benefits/risks
  • 16. In software development, stakeholder analysis helps determine:
A) Fairness and responsibility in decision-making
B) Minimum viable product requirements
C) Most profitable features
D) Optimal technical solutions
E) Fastest development timeline
  • 17. Utilitarianism in ethics focuses primarily on:
A) Outcomes and consequences
B) Character and virtues
C) Intentions and motivations
D) Social norms and customs
E) Rules and duties
  • 18. Which ethical theory would justify releasing software with minor bugs if it benefits the majority of users?
A) Virtue Ethics
B) Utilitarianism
C) Care Ethics
D) Social Contract Theory
E) Deontology
  • 19. The trolley problem is a classic example used to illustrate which ethical theory?
A) Egoism
B) Deontology
C) Utilitarianism
D) Relativism
E) Virtue Ethics
  • 20. Deontological ethics, founded by Immanuel Kant, emphasizes:
A) Developing virtuous character traits
B) Prioritizing personal relationships
C) Considering cultural differences
D) Maximizing overall happiness
E) Following moral rules regardless of consequences
  • 21. According to deontological ethics, lying to protect a friend from harm is:
A) Always wrong regardless of outcome
B) Acceptable only if no one finds out
C) Morally complex and context-dependent
D) Justified only in emergency situations
E) Always right if it saves a life
  • 22. Virtue ethics, developed by Aristotle, focuses on:
A) Consequences and outcomes
B) Social contracts and agreements
C) Universal moral rules and duties
D) The character and moral virtues of the individual
E) Cultural norms and traditions
  • 23. In virtue ethics, courage is described as the mean between:
A) Ignorance and wisdom
B) Greedy and generous
C) Honest and deceptive
D) Lazy and overworked
E) Cowardice and recklessness
  • 24. Which ethical theory would be most concerned with a software developer's personal integrity and professional reputation?
A) Care Ethics
B) Utilitarianism
C) Deontology
D) Social Contract Theory
E) Virtue Ethics
  • 25. A software developer who chooses to help a struggling colleague despite being late for a deadline is demonstrating:
A) Virtue ethics in action
B) Utilitarian calculation
C) Professional negligence
D) Care ethics priority
E) Deontological duty
  • 26. A professional code of conduct is designed to:
A) Set out acceptable behavior for members of a profession
B) Define technical standards
C) Create competitive advantages
D) Establish project timelines
E) Maximize company profits
  • 27. Which of the following is a key component of professional codes of conduct?
A) Marketing abilities
B) Project management skills
C) Financial acumen
D) Integrity and honesty
E) Technical proficiency
  • 28. Professional codes of conduct help establish:
A) Better marketing strategies
B) Faster development cycles
C) Lower production costs
D) Trust with clients, colleagues, and the public
E) Technical superiority over competitors
  • 29. Following professional codes of ethics can produce benefits for:
A) Only the individual professional
B) Primarily for regulatory compliance
C) Exclusively for clients and customers
D) Individuals, profession, and society as a whole
E) Just the employing organization
  • 30. Adherence to professional codes reminds professionals of responsibilities they may be tempted to compromise due to:
A) Technical limitations
B) Budget constraints
C) Day-to-day business pressures
D) Resource availability
E) Time restrictions
  • 31. Professional codes of ethics provide an evaluation benchmark that professionals can use for:
A) Salary negotiations
B) Self-assessment of ethical behavior
C) Technical skill development
D) Performance reviews
E) Project planning
  • 32. According to ACM ethics, software developers have a primary responsibility to:
A) Write efficient code
B) Avoid harm to users and society
C) Maximize company profits
D) Meet project deadlines
E) Minimize development costs
  • 33. Which ACM principle specifically requires software developers to conduct thorough system evaluation?
A) ACM 3.1 – Ensure professional competence
B) ACM 1.1 – Contribute to society
C) ACM 2.6 – Honor confidentiality
D) ACM 2.5 – Thorough system evaluation
E) ACM 1.2 – Avoid harm
  • 34. Network administrators following ACM ethics must respect:
A) Network performance metrics
B) Hardware specifications
C) Privacy and maintain authorized access only
D) Bandwidth utilization
E) System uptime statistics
  • 35. Data analysts have an ethical obligation to ensure:
A) Quick report generation
B) Lowest storage costs
C) Fastest processing speeds
D) Data accuracy and avoid biased interpretations
E) Maximum data collection volume
  • 36. Computer scientists conducting research must maintain:
A) Fastest experimental results
B) Highest grant funding
C) Most citations
D) Maximum publication quantity
E) Research integrity and avoid falsification
  • 37. Systems architects must anticipate:
A) Maximum system performance
B) Failure modes and embed security by design
C) Lowest development costs
D) Fastest deployment times
E) Minimal documentation requirements
  • 38. Database specialists have an ethical duty to:
A) Protect sensitive information and enforce access control
B) Reduce backup frequency
C) Maximize database performance
D) Ensure fastest query times
E) Minimize storage costs
  • 39. Which IEEE code emphasizes public safety and welfare as paramount?
A) IEEE #4 – Professional development
B) IEEE #3 – Honest claims
C) IEEE #2 – Technical competence
D) IEEE #1 – Public safety and welfare
E) IEEE #5 – Environmental responsibility
  • 40. IT professionals who abuse privileged access to user data violate which ethical principle?
A) Respect for privacy and authorized access
B) System performance
C) User convenience
D) Cost optimization
E) Technical efficiency
  • 41. When management demands release of software with known security vulnerabilities, ethical whistleblowing requires:
A) Complying with management demands
B) Ignoring the issue to protect job security
C) Documenting risks clearly and reporting through proper channels
D) Quietly fixing the problem without documentation
E) Immediately going to the media
  • 42. According to ethical guidelines, whistleblowing is justified when:
A) Personal gain is possible
B) Media attention is desired
C) Public harm is likely and internal channels have failed
D) Career advancement is needed
E) Company reputation is at stake
  • 43. A network administrator asked to disable logs to hide a data breach should:
A) Comply to maintain job security
B) Ignore the request completely
C) Delete logs as requested
D) Refuse participation and preserve evidence
E) Report anonymously only
  • 44. Conflict of interest occurs when a systems architect favors a proprietary platform due to:
A) Technical specifications
B) Personal incentives rather than technical merit
C) Budget constraints
D) Company policy requirements
E) User preferences
  • 45. What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes utilitarianism from other ethical theories?
A) It is consequentialist
B) It focuses on rules
C) It values traditions
D) It prioritizes duties
E) It emphasizes character
  • 46. Which philosopher is primarily associated with the development of utilitarianism?
A) Jeremy Bentham
B) John Rawls
C) Plato
D) Aristotle
E) Immanuel Kant
  • 47. The greatest happiness principle states that actions are morally right if they result in:
A) Maximizing personal gain
B) The most happiness for the most people
C) Developing virtuous character
D) Following universal rules
E) Respecting individual rights
  • 48. In utilitarianism, hedonism refers to the pursuit of:
A) Wealth and status
B) Pleasure and avoidance of pain
C) Fame and recognition
D) Knowledge and wisdom
E) Power and influence
  • 49. According to utilitarianism, everyone's happiness counts:
A) According to gender
B) Based on age
C) Based on social status
D) According to wealth
E) Equally
  • 50. The trolley problem is used to illustrate which ethical dilemma?
A) Justice vs. mercy
B) Sacrificing one to save many
C) Following rules vs. compassion
D) Character development
E) Duty vs. self-interest
  • 51. In the trolley problem, utilitarianism would recommend:
A) Not pulling the lever to avoid responsibility
B) Finding another solution
C) Leaving it to fate
D) Consulting others first
E) Pulling the lever to save more lives
  • 52. Which critique of utilitarianism states it can justify sacrificing innocents if it maximizes happiness?
A) It lacks clear guidelines
B) It is too abstract
C) It is culturally biased
D) It ignores individual rights
E) It is too rule-based
  • 53. A major challenge of utilitarianism is difficulty in:
A) Predicting and measuring outcomes
B) Maintaining impartiality
C) Respecting traditions
D) Developing character
E) Following clear rules
  • 54. Deontology is classified as a:
A) Culture-based theory
B) Non-consequentialist theory
C) Situation-based theory
D) Consequentialist theory
E) Character-based theory
  • 55. Immanuel Kant is the founder of:
A) Deontology
B) Utilitarianism
C) Relativism
D) Social Contract Theory
E) Virtue Ethics
  • 56. The categorical imperative requires acting according to maxims that can be:
A) Approved by authorities
B) Maximized for happiness
C) Developed through practice
D) Universalized without contradiction
E) Accepted by society
  • 57. In deontology, treating others as ends in themselves means:
A) Exploiting their weaknesses
B) Respecting their dignity and autonomy
C) Using them for personal benefit
D) Ignoring their needs
E) Controlling their actions
  • 58. According to deontology, moral actions are obligatory if they fulfill a:
A) Personal desire
B) Social expectation
C) Moral duty
D) Economic benefit
E) Cultural norm
  • 59. In the lying to protect scenario, deontology recognizes that:
A) Lying is always wrong
B) Protecting life may justify lying
C) Personal relationships override rules
D) Truth is always paramount
E) Rules are flexible
  • 60. Which critique of deontology highlights that rigid rules can lead to harmful outcomes?
A) It is too outcome-oriented
B) It is culturally limited
C) It can be inflexible
D) It ignores consequences
E) It lacks character focus
  • 61. Deontology may create conflicts when duties:
A) Follow traditions
B) Develop character
C) Contradict each other
D) Maximize happiness
E) Serve society
  • 62. Virtue ethics was primarily developed by:
A) Plato
B) Immanuel Kant
C) John Stuart Mill
D) Jeremy Bentham
E) Aristotle
  • 63. Virtue ethics focuses on the:
A) Character and virtues of the individual
B) Cultural traditions
C) Following moral rules
D) Outcomes of actions
E) Social contracts
  • 64. The concept of virtue as the mean refers to:
A) Social approval
B) Personal gain
C) Balance between deficiency and excess
D) Maximum happiness
E) Strict rule following
  • 65. Eudaimonia in virtue ethics refers to:
A) Maximizing pleasure
B) Gaining power
C) Flourishing or human happiness
D) Avoiding pain
E) Following rules
  • 66. In virtue ethics, morality comes from:
A) Following universal rules
B) Maximizing outcomes
C) Respecting duties
D) Obeying authorities
E) Developing good character over time
  • 67. The virtue of courage is the mean between:
A) Greed and generosity
B) Laziness and overwork
C) Dishonesty and deception
D) Cowardice and recklessness
E) Ignorance and wisdom
  • 68. In the grocery helping scenario, virtue ethics emphasizes:
A) Following duty
B) Maximizing happiness
C) Compassion as a character trait
D) Personal convenience
E) Respecting rules
  • 69. Which critique of virtue ethics notes that it provides few clear guidelines for specific actions?
A) Abstract principles
B) Lack of clear guidelines
C) Culturally biased
D) Too rule-focused
E) Ignores consequences
  • 70. Virtue ethics differs from other theories by being more focused on:
A) Rules than character
B) Society than individuals
C) Culture than principles
D) The person than the action
E) Outcomes than intentions
  • 71. Utilitarianism focuses on consequences, while deontology focuses on:
A) Rules and duties
B) Character development
C) Personal happiness
D) Cultural norms
E) Social approval
  • 72. Deontology emphasizes duty regardless of consequences, while utilitarianism emphasizes:
A) Social status
B) Character traits
C) Outcomes and happiness
D) Personal relationships
E) Cultural values
  • 73. Virtue ethics differs from both utilitarianism and deontology by focusing on:
A) Outcome maximization
B) Cultural adaptation
C) Duty fulfillment
D) Rule following
E) Character development
  • 74. In software development, a utilitarian approach would prioritize:
A) User benefits and societal impact
B) Personal professional growth
C) Company profit maximization
D) Following coding standards
E) Technical excellence
  • 75. A deontological software developer would be most concerned with:
A) Maximizing user satisfaction
B) Following ethical rules and duties
C) Developing personal virtues
D) Achieving technical perfection
E) Meeting deadlines
  • 76. Virtue ethics in software development would emphasize:
A) Technical skill mastery
B) Strict rule adherence
C) Outcome optimization
D) Career advancement
E) Developing professional character
  • 77. When facing a deadline vs. quality dilemma, utilitarianism would ask:
A) What maximizes profit?
B) What follows company policy?
C) What reflects good character?
D) What are the professional duties?
E) Which choice benefits more users?
  • 78. In the same dilemma, deontology would prioritize:
A) Personal integrity
B) User happiness
C) Technical standards
D) Professional duties and rules
E) Financial outcomes
  • 79. Virtue ethics in this dilemma would focus on:
A) Following established rules
B) Maximizing positive outcomes
C) Meeting organizational goals
D) Achieving technical goals
E) Demonstrating professional integrity
  • 80. A balanced ethical approach might combine all three theories to:
A) Focus only on outcomes
B) Ignore character development
C) Avoid complex analysis
D) Simplify decision-making
E) Address different aspects of moral decision-making
  • 81. Ethical theories provide frameworks for:
A) Gaining social status
B) Maximizing profits
C) Understanding moral decisions
D) Following technical procedures
E) Achieving personal goals
  • 82. The study of ethical theories helps professionals:
A) Improve technical skills
B) Gain management approval
C) Reduce workload
D) Navigate complex moral issues
E) Increase salary potential
  • 83. Professional negligence in software development includes:
A) Skipping tests knowingly and ignoring security vulnerabilities
B) Working overtime to meet deadlines
C) Participating in code reviews
D) Following standard procedures
E) Documenting code thoroughly
  • 84. Data analysts who manipulate findings to please management are engaging in:
A) Technical optimization
B) Unethical professional conduct
C) Efficient data analysis
D) Appropriate stakeholder management
E) Professional collaboration
  • 85. What distinguishes ethical considerations from legal requirements in software development?
A) Ethics are optional, law is mandatory
B) Ethics are technical, law is social
C) Ethics are personal, law is organizational
D) Ethics are modern, law is traditional
E) Ethics address moral responsibility, law addresses compliance
  • 86. According to the framework, a system can be:
A) Legal and technically correct but ethically questionable
B) Legal but technically flawed
C) Ethical and legal but technically poor
D) Technical but ethically neutral
E) Ethical but legally problematic
  • 87. Which example demonstrates a system that is legal and technical but ethically questionable?
A) Excessive data collection
B) User-friendly interface
C) Proper error handling
D) Fast performance
E) Standard security protocols
  • 88. Ethical decision frameworks help avoid decisions based on:
A) Technical requirements
B) Budget constraints
C) Personal bias, authority pressure, and convenience
D) Time limitations
E) Resource availability
  • 89. The PLUS model helps encourage:
A) Faster development
B) Consistent and defensible decisions
C) Higher profits
D) Technical innovation
E) Better documentation
  • 90. Which of the following is NOT typically considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) End users
B) Employers/management
C) Competitors
D) Developers and testers
E) Society at large
  • 91. In stakeholder analysis, determining power and vulnerability helps:
A) Assess timeline feasibility
B) Understand influence and susceptibility
C) Evaluate budget requirements
D) Measure technical complexity
E) Calculate project costs
  • 92. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder experiences short-term profit?
A) Company
B) Government regulators
C) Society
D) Users
E) Developers
  • 93. Stakeholder analysis focuses on:
A) Individual rather than group
B) Intent rather than impact
C) Short-term rather than long-term
D) Technical rather than social
E) Impact rather than intent
  • 94. A moral dilemma in software development occurs when:
A) Time pressure increases
B) Two or more ethical principles conflict
C) Technical problems arise
D) Budget constraints exist
E) Management demands change
  • 95. Which factor commonly causes moral dilemmas in software development?
A) Resource abundance
B) Clear requirements
C) Proper planning
D) Time pressure
E) Technical expertise
  • 96. When considering whether to release software with known bugs, what should be evaluated first?
A) Severity of the bug
B) Technical complexity
C) Management preferences
D) Development timeline
E) Company profits
  • 97. Critical bugs affecting safety or security:
A) May be acceptable with warnings
B) Can be fixed post-release
C) Must not be ignored
D) Can be released with patches
E) Should be documented only
  • 98. Which shortcut in software development creates technical debt?
A) Proper documentation
B) Skipping testing
C) Following standards
D) Code reviews
E) Version control
  • 99. Ignoring documentation in software development leads to:
A) Better performance
B) Improved security
C) System instability
D) Easier maintenance
E) Faster development
  • 100. Copying unlicensed code creates what type of risk?
A) Better functionality
B) Easier maintenance
C) Faster deployment
D) Legal violations
E) Technical improvements
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