SOCPRO REVIEWER PRELIM: ETHICALLY QUESTIONABLE EDITION
  • 1. MADAMI BA?
A) I NEED MORE QUESTION!
B) Sure ka sa mga question na toh?
C) Grabi ka naman boss....
D) SHIIIIIITTT!!!
E) Wla na...finish na...
  • 2. What does the 'P' in the PLUS ethical decision-making model stand for?
A) Policies
B) People
C) Principles
D) Performance
E) Procedures
  • 3. According to the PLUS model, which aspect considers whether an action complies with company policies and professional codes?
A) Policies
B) Legal
C) Standards
D) Self
E) Universal
  • 4. In the PLUS framework, the 'L' component evaluates whether an action is:
A) Lawful
B) Lucrative
C) Logical
D) Legitimate
E) Limited
  • 5. Which PLUS component asks 'Would this action be acceptable if everyone did it?'
A) Universal
B) Societal
C) Self
D) Policies
E) Legal
  • 6. The 'U' in PLUS refers to universal principles such as:
A) Honesty, fairness, and respect for users
B) Utility and functionality
C) Understanding and communication
D) User experience and interface design
E) Usability and accessibility
  • 7. According to the PLUS model, the 'S' component involves:
A) System requirements
B) Software standards
C) Stakeholder interests
D) Security protocols
E) Personal integrity and accountability
  • 8. When applying PLUS to software development, which component would be violated by releasing software with known security vulnerabilities despite company policy?
A) Legal
B) Technical
C) Policies
D) Universal
E) Self
  • 9. In the PLUS model, a developer who refuses to work overtime to meet an unrealistic deadline is primarily considering which component?
A) Professional
B) Policies
C) Universal
D) Legal
E) Self
  • 10. Which PLUS component would be most concerned with data privacy laws like GDPR?
A) Legal
B) Universal
C) Policies
D) Self
E) Technical
  • 11. Stakeholder analysis in software development primarily examines:
A) Budget constraints and timelines
B) Who is affected by decisions and how
C) Project management methodologies
D) Code quality and testing procedures
E) Technical specifications and requirements
  • 12. Which of the following is typically NOT considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Developers and testers
B) Competitors
C) Society at large
D) Clients/customers
E) End users
  • 13. In stakeholder analysis, focusing on impact rather than intent means:
A) Following organizational procedures strictly
B) Maximizing profit for shareholders
C) Considering actual consequences of actions
D) Prioritizing technical specifications over user needs
E) Meeting project deadlines regardless of outcomes
  • 14. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder group experiences the most direct negative impact?
A) Marketing team
B) Company management
C) Users
D) Investors
E) Developers
  • 15. A key principle of stakeholder analysis is to:
A) Identify all affected parties and assess benefits/risks
B) Prioritize management interests above all
C) Consider only technical stakeholders
D) Ignore long-term societal impacts
E) Focus only on paying customers
  • 16. In software development, stakeholder analysis helps determine:
A) Minimum viable product requirements
B) Fastest development timeline
C) Optimal technical solutions
D) Most profitable features
E) Fairness and responsibility in decision-making
  • 17. Utilitarianism in ethics focuses primarily on:
A) Social norms and customs
B) Character and virtues
C) Rules and duties
D) Intentions and motivations
E) Outcomes and consequences
  • 18. Which ethical theory would justify releasing software with minor bugs if it benefits the majority of users?
A) Social Contract Theory
B) Utilitarianism
C) Deontology
D) Care Ethics
E) Virtue Ethics
  • 19. The trolley problem is a classic example used to illustrate which ethical theory?
A) Virtue Ethics
B) Utilitarianism
C) Egoism
D) Relativism
E) Deontology
  • 20. Deontological ethics, founded by Immanuel Kant, emphasizes:
A) Following moral rules regardless of consequences
B) Maximizing overall happiness
C) Prioritizing personal relationships
D) Considering cultural differences
E) Developing virtuous character traits
  • 21. According to deontological ethics, lying to protect a friend from harm is:
A) Morally complex and context-dependent
B) Justified only in emergency situations
C) Acceptable only if no one finds out
D) Always wrong regardless of outcome
E) Always right if it saves a life
  • 22. Virtue ethics, developed by Aristotle, focuses on:
A) The character and moral virtues of the individual
B) Cultural norms and traditions
C) Social contracts and agreements
D) Consequences and outcomes
E) Universal moral rules and duties
  • 23. In virtue ethics, courage is described as the mean between:
A) Honest and deceptive
B) Ignorance and wisdom
C) Greedy and generous
D) Lazy and overworked
E) Cowardice and recklessness
  • 24. Which ethical theory would be most concerned with a software developer's personal integrity and professional reputation?
A) Utilitarianism
B) Social Contract Theory
C) Virtue Ethics
D) Deontology
E) Care Ethics
  • 25. A software developer who chooses to help a struggling colleague despite being late for a deadline is demonstrating:
A) Professional negligence
B) Deontological duty
C) Care ethics priority
D) Virtue ethics in action
E) Utilitarian calculation
  • 26. A professional code of conduct is designed to:
A) Define technical standards
B) Establish project timelines
C) Create competitive advantages
D) Set out acceptable behavior for members of a profession
E) Maximize company profits
  • 27. Which of the following is a key component of professional codes of conduct?
A) Integrity and honesty
B) Marketing abilities
C) Technical proficiency
D) Project management skills
E) Financial acumen
  • 28. Professional codes of conduct help establish:
A) Better marketing strategies
B) Trust with clients, colleagues, and the public
C) Faster development cycles
D) Technical superiority over competitors
E) Lower production costs
  • 29. Following professional codes of ethics can produce benefits for:
A) Just the employing organization
B) Only the individual professional
C) Exclusively for clients and customers
D) Individuals, profession, and society as a whole
E) Primarily for regulatory compliance
  • 30. Adherence to professional codes reminds professionals of responsibilities they may be tempted to compromise due to:
A) Time restrictions
B) Technical limitations
C) Resource availability
D) Day-to-day business pressures
E) Budget constraints
  • 31. Professional codes of ethics provide an evaluation benchmark that professionals can use for:
A) Self-assessment of ethical behavior
B) Project planning
C) Salary negotiations
D) Performance reviews
E) Technical skill development
  • 32. According to ACM ethics, software developers have a primary responsibility to:
A) Minimize development costs
B) Maximize company profits
C) Meet project deadlines
D) Avoid harm to users and society
E) Write efficient code
  • 33. Which ACM principle specifically requires software developers to conduct thorough system evaluation?
A) ACM 2.6 – Honor confidentiality
B) ACM 1.1 – Contribute to society
C) ACM 3.1 – Ensure professional competence
D) ACM 1.2 – Avoid harm
E) ACM 2.5 – Thorough system evaluation
  • 34. Network administrators following ACM ethics must respect:
A) System uptime statistics
B) Bandwidth utilization
C) Privacy and maintain authorized access only
D) Network performance metrics
E) Hardware specifications
  • 35. Data analysts have an ethical obligation to ensure:
A) Lowest storage costs
B) Data accuracy and avoid biased interpretations
C) Fastest processing speeds
D) Maximum data collection volume
E) Quick report generation
  • 36. Computer scientists conducting research must maintain:
A) Maximum publication quantity
B) Highest grant funding
C) Research integrity and avoid falsification
D) Most citations
E) Fastest experimental results
  • 37. Systems architects must anticipate:
A) Maximum system performance
B) Minimal documentation requirements
C) Fastest deployment times
D) Failure modes and embed security by design
E) Lowest development costs
  • 38. Database specialists have an ethical duty to:
A) Protect sensitive information and enforce access control
B) Minimize storage costs
C) Reduce backup frequency
D) Maximize database performance
E) Ensure fastest query times
  • 39. Which IEEE code emphasizes public safety and welfare as paramount?
A) IEEE #5 – Environmental responsibility
B) IEEE #3 – Honest claims
C) IEEE #4 – Professional development
D) IEEE #2 – Technical competence
E) IEEE #1 – Public safety and welfare
  • 40. IT professionals who abuse privileged access to user data violate which ethical principle?
A) User convenience
B) Cost optimization
C) Technical efficiency
D) System performance
E) Respect for privacy and authorized access
  • 41. When management demands release of software with known security vulnerabilities, ethical whistleblowing requires:
A) Immediately going to the media
B) Complying with management demands
C) Ignoring the issue to protect job security
D) Documenting risks clearly and reporting through proper channels
E) Quietly fixing the problem without documentation
  • 42. According to ethical guidelines, whistleblowing is justified when:
A) Media attention is desired
B) Career advancement is needed
C) Company reputation is at stake
D) Public harm is likely and internal channels have failed
E) Personal gain is possible
  • 43. A network administrator asked to disable logs to hide a data breach should:
A) Refuse participation and preserve evidence
B) Delete logs as requested
C) Comply to maintain job security
D) Ignore the request completely
E) Report anonymously only
  • 44. Conflict of interest occurs when a systems architect favors a proprietary platform due to:
A) Technical specifications
B) User preferences
C) Company policy requirements
D) Budget constraints
E) Personal incentives rather than technical merit
  • 45. What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes utilitarianism from other ethical theories?
A) It prioritizes duties
B) It is consequentialist
C) It focuses on rules
D) It values traditions
E) It emphasizes character
  • 46. Which philosopher is primarily associated with the development of utilitarianism?
A) Aristotle
B) Plato
C) Immanuel Kant
D) Jeremy Bentham
E) John Rawls
  • 47. The greatest happiness principle states that actions are morally right if they result in:
A) Developing virtuous character
B) Maximizing personal gain
C) The most happiness for the most people
D) Respecting individual rights
E) Following universal rules
  • 48. In utilitarianism, hedonism refers to the pursuit of:
A) Knowledge and wisdom
B) Wealth and status
C) Pleasure and avoidance of pain
D) Fame and recognition
E) Power and influence
  • 49. According to utilitarianism, everyone's happiness counts:
A) Based on age
B) Equally
C) Based on social status
D) According to gender
E) According to wealth
  • 50. The trolley problem is used to illustrate which ethical dilemma?
A) Justice vs. mercy
B) Sacrificing one to save many
C) Duty vs. self-interest
D) Character development
E) Following rules vs. compassion
  • 51. In the trolley problem, utilitarianism would recommend:
A) Not pulling the lever to avoid responsibility
B) Finding another solution
C) Consulting others first
D) Pulling the lever to save more lives
E) Leaving it to fate
  • 52. Which critique of utilitarianism states it can justify sacrificing innocents if it maximizes happiness?
A) It is too rule-based
B) It is culturally biased
C) It is too abstract
D) It ignores individual rights
E) It lacks clear guidelines
  • 53. A major challenge of utilitarianism is difficulty in:
A) Predicting and measuring outcomes
B) Maintaining impartiality
C) Developing character
D) Respecting traditions
E) Following clear rules
  • 54. Deontology is classified as a:
A) Non-consequentialist theory
B) Culture-based theory
C) Situation-based theory
D) Consequentialist theory
E) Character-based theory
  • 55. Immanuel Kant is the founder of:
A) Relativism
B) Social Contract Theory
C) Virtue Ethics
D) Deontology
E) Utilitarianism
  • 56. The categorical imperative requires acting according to maxims that can be:
A) Maximized for happiness
B) Developed through practice
C) Approved by authorities
D) Accepted by society
E) Universalized without contradiction
  • 57. In deontology, treating others as ends in themselves means:
A) Controlling their actions
B) Ignoring their needs
C) Using them for personal benefit
D) Exploiting their weaknesses
E) Respecting their dignity and autonomy
  • 58. According to deontology, moral actions are obligatory if they fulfill a:
A) Personal desire
B) Moral duty
C) Cultural norm
D) Social expectation
E) Economic benefit
  • 59. In the lying to protect scenario, deontology recognizes that:
A) Protecting life may justify lying
B) Rules are flexible
C) Personal relationships override rules
D) Lying is always wrong
E) Truth is always paramount
  • 60. Which critique of deontology highlights that rigid rules can lead to harmful outcomes?
A) It is culturally limited
B) It can be inflexible
C) It ignores consequences
D) It lacks character focus
E) It is too outcome-oriented
  • 61. Deontology may create conflicts when duties:
A) Maximize happiness
B) Follow traditions
C) Develop character
D) Contradict each other
E) Serve society
  • 62. Virtue ethics was primarily developed by:
A) Jeremy Bentham
B) Aristotle
C) Immanuel Kant
D) John Stuart Mill
E) Plato
  • 63. Virtue ethics focuses on the:
A) Social contracts
B) Following moral rules
C) Character and virtues of the individual
D) Outcomes of actions
E) Cultural traditions
  • 64. The concept of virtue as the mean refers to:
A) Social approval
B) Strict rule following
C) Balance between deficiency and excess
D) Personal gain
E) Maximum happiness
  • 65. Eudaimonia in virtue ethics refers to:
A) Flourishing or human happiness
B) Gaining power
C) Avoiding pain
D) Following rules
E) Maximizing pleasure
  • 66. In virtue ethics, morality comes from:
A) Developing good character over time
B) Respecting duties
C) Following universal rules
D) Obeying authorities
E) Maximizing outcomes
  • 67. The virtue of courage is the mean between:
A) Greed and generosity
B) Ignorance and wisdom
C) Dishonesty and deception
D) Laziness and overwork
E) Cowardice and recklessness
  • 68. In the grocery helping scenario, virtue ethics emphasizes:
A) Maximizing happiness
B) Personal convenience
C) Respecting rules
D) Following duty
E) Compassion as a character trait
  • 69. Which critique of virtue ethics notes that it provides few clear guidelines for specific actions?
A) Ignores consequences
B) Too rule-focused
C) Abstract principles
D) Culturally biased
E) Lack of clear guidelines
  • 70. Virtue ethics differs from other theories by being more focused on:
A) The person than the action
B) Outcomes than intentions
C) Culture than principles
D) Rules than character
E) Society than individuals
  • 71. Utilitarianism focuses on consequences, while deontology focuses on:
A) Character development
B) Rules and duties
C) Social approval
D) Cultural norms
E) Personal happiness
  • 72. Deontology emphasizes duty regardless of consequences, while utilitarianism emphasizes:
A) Character traits
B) Social status
C) Personal relationships
D) Cultural values
E) Outcomes and happiness
  • 73. Virtue ethics differs from both utilitarianism and deontology by focusing on:
A) Duty fulfillment
B) Outcome maximization
C) Character development
D) Cultural adaptation
E) Rule following
  • 74. In software development, a utilitarian approach would prioritize:
A) Personal professional growth
B) User benefits and societal impact
C) Following coding standards
D) Company profit maximization
E) Technical excellence
  • 75. A deontological software developer would be most concerned with:
A) Following ethical rules and duties
B) Maximizing user satisfaction
C) Meeting deadlines
D) Achieving technical perfection
E) Developing personal virtues
  • 76. Virtue ethics in software development would emphasize:
A) Strict rule adherence
B) Developing professional character
C) Outcome optimization
D) Career advancement
E) Technical skill mastery
  • 77. When facing a deadline vs. quality dilemma, utilitarianism would ask:
A) What maximizes profit?
B) What are the professional duties?
C) What follows company policy?
D) Which choice benefits more users?
E) What reflects good character?
  • 78. In the same dilemma, deontology would prioritize:
A) Financial outcomes
B) Professional duties and rules
C) User happiness
D) Technical standards
E) Personal integrity
  • 79. Virtue ethics in this dilemma would focus on:
A) Demonstrating professional integrity
B) Following established rules
C) Achieving technical goals
D) Meeting organizational goals
E) Maximizing positive outcomes
  • 80. A balanced ethical approach might combine all three theories to:
A) Simplify decision-making
B) Avoid complex analysis
C) Address different aspects of moral decision-making
D) Ignore character development
E) Focus only on outcomes
  • 81. Ethical theories provide frameworks for:
A) Following technical procedures
B) Gaining social status
C) Achieving personal goals
D) Maximizing profits
E) Understanding moral decisions
  • 82. The study of ethical theories helps professionals:
A) Reduce workload
B) Navigate complex moral issues
C) Gain management approval
D) Increase salary potential
E) Improve technical skills
  • 83. Professional negligence in software development includes:
A) Following standard procedures
B) Skipping tests knowingly and ignoring security vulnerabilities
C) Participating in code reviews
D) Documenting code thoroughly
E) Working overtime to meet deadlines
  • 84. Data analysts who manipulate findings to please management are engaging in:
A) Professional collaboration
B) Technical optimization
C) Appropriate stakeholder management
D) Unethical professional conduct
E) Efficient data analysis
  • 85. What distinguishes ethical considerations from legal requirements in software development?
A) Ethics are technical, law is social
B) Ethics are modern, law is traditional
C) Ethics address moral responsibility, law addresses compliance
D) Ethics are personal, law is organizational
E) Ethics are optional, law is mandatory
  • 86. According to the framework, a system can be:
A) Legal and technically correct but ethically questionable
B) Technical but ethically neutral
C) Ethical but legally problematic
D) Ethical and legal but technically poor
E) Legal but technically flawed
  • 87. Which example demonstrates a system that is legal and technical but ethically questionable?
A) Fast performance
B) User-friendly interface
C) Standard security protocols
D) Excessive data collection
E) Proper error handling
  • 88. Ethical decision frameworks help avoid decisions based on:
A) Resource availability
B) Budget constraints
C) Personal bias, authority pressure, and convenience
D) Technical requirements
E) Time limitations
  • 89. The PLUS model helps encourage:
A) Better documentation
B) Higher profits
C) Consistent and defensible decisions
D) Faster development
E) Technical innovation
  • 90. Which of the following is NOT typically considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Society at large
B) End users
C) Employers/management
D) Developers and testers
E) Competitors
  • 91. In stakeholder analysis, determining power and vulnerability helps:
A) Measure technical complexity
B) Assess timeline feasibility
C) Evaluate budget requirements
D) Calculate project costs
E) Understand influence and susceptibility
  • 92. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder experiences short-term profit?
A) Users
B) Government regulators
C) Developers
D) Company
E) Society
  • 93. Stakeholder analysis focuses on:
A) Technical rather than social
B) Individual rather than group
C) Short-term rather than long-term
D) Impact rather than intent
E) Intent rather than impact
  • 94. A moral dilemma in software development occurs when:
A) Budget constraints exist
B) Management demands change
C) Time pressure increases
D) Two or more ethical principles conflict
E) Technical problems arise
  • 95. Which factor commonly causes moral dilemmas in software development?
A) Time pressure
B) Clear requirements
C) Resource abundance
D) Technical expertise
E) Proper planning
  • 96. When considering whether to release software with known bugs, what should be evaluated first?
A) Company profits
B) Development timeline
C) Management preferences
D) Severity of the bug
E) Technical complexity
  • 97. Critical bugs affecting safety or security:
A) Can be fixed post-release
B) Should be documented only
C) Can be released with patches
D) May be acceptable with warnings
E) Must not be ignored
  • 98. Which shortcut in software development creates technical debt?
A) Version control
B) Code reviews
C) Following standards
D) Proper documentation
E) Skipping testing
  • 99. Ignoring documentation in software development leads to:
A) Easier maintenance
B) Faster development
C) System instability
D) Improved security
E) Better performance
  • 100. Copying unlicensed code creates what type of risk?
A) Better functionality
B) Technical improvements
C) Legal violations
D) Easier maintenance
E) Faster deployment
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