SOCPRO REVIEWER PRELIM: ETHICALLY QUESTIONABLE EDITION
  • 1. MADAMI BA?
A) Grabi ka naman boss....
B) Wla na...finish na...
C) Sure ka sa mga question na toh?
D) I NEED MORE QUESTION!
E) SHIIIIIITTT!!!
  • 2. What does the 'P' in the PLUS ethical decision-making model stand for?
A) Performance
B) Principles
C) Policies
D) Procedures
E) People
  • 3. According to the PLUS model, which aspect considers whether an action complies with company policies and professional codes?
A) Standards
B) Universal
C) Legal
D) Self
E) Policies
  • 4. In the PLUS framework, the 'L' component evaluates whether an action is:
A) Lucrative
B) Limited
C) Legitimate
D) Logical
E) Lawful
  • 5. Which PLUS component asks 'Would this action be acceptable if everyone did it?'
A) Legal
B) Societal
C) Policies
D) Universal
E) Self
  • 6. The 'U' in PLUS refers to universal principles such as:
A) Understanding and communication
B) Honesty, fairness, and respect for users
C) Usability and accessibility
D) User experience and interface design
E) Utility and functionality
  • 7. According to the PLUS model, the 'S' component involves:
A) Security protocols
B) Personal integrity and accountability
C) Software standards
D) System requirements
E) Stakeholder interests
  • 8. When applying PLUS to software development, which component would be violated by releasing software with known security vulnerabilities despite company policy?
A) Technical
B) Policies
C) Universal
D) Self
E) Legal
  • 9. In the PLUS model, a developer who refuses to work overtime to meet an unrealistic deadline is primarily considering which component?
A) Universal
B) Self
C) Professional
D) Legal
E) Policies
  • 10. Which PLUS component would be most concerned with data privacy laws like GDPR?
A) Universal
B) Technical
C) Self
D) Policies
E) Legal
  • 11. Stakeholder analysis in software development primarily examines:
A) Technical specifications and requirements
B) Budget constraints and timelines
C) Code quality and testing procedures
D) Who is affected by decisions and how
E) Project management methodologies
  • 12. Which of the following is typically NOT considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Clients/customers
B) End users
C) Developers and testers
D) Competitors
E) Society at large
  • 13. In stakeholder analysis, focusing on impact rather than intent means:
A) Maximizing profit for shareholders
B) Considering actual consequences of actions
C) Prioritizing technical specifications over user needs
D) Meeting project deadlines regardless of outcomes
E) Following organizational procedures strictly
  • 14. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder group experiences the most direct negative impact?
A) Users
B) Company management
C) Developers
D) Investors
E) Marketing team
  • 15. A key principle of stakeholder analysis is to:
A) Ignore long-term societal impacts
B) Consider only technical stakeholders
C) Focus only on paying customers
D) Identify all affected parties and assess benefits/risks
E) Prioritize management interests above all
  • 16. In software development, stakeholder analysis helps determine:
A) Most profitable features
B) Optimal technical solutions
C) Minimum viable product requirements
D) Fastest development timeline
E) Fairness and responsibility in decision-making
  • 17. Utilitarianism in ethics focuses primarily on:
A) Outcomes and consequences
B) Social norms and customs
C) Intentions and motivations
D) Character and virtues
E) Rules and duties
  • 18. Which ethical theory would justify releasing software with minor bugs if it benefits the majority of users?
A) Deontology
B) Care Ethics
C) Social Contract Theory
D) Utilitarianism
E) Virtue Ethics
  • 19. The trolley problem is a classic example used to illustrate which ethical theory?
A) Utilitarianism
B) Virtue Ethics
C) Deontology
D) Egoism
E) Relativism
  • 20. Deontological ethics, founded by Immanuel Kant, emphasizes:
A) Prioritizing personal relationships
B) Following moral rules regardless of consequences
C) Considering cultural differences
D) Maximizing overall happiness
E) Developing virtuous character traits
  • 21. According to deontological ethics, lying to protect a friend from harm is:
A) Justified only in emergency situations
B) Always wrong regardless of outcome
C) Morally complex and context-dependent
D) Always right if it saves a life
E) Acceptable only if no one finds out
  • 22. Virtue ethics, developed by Aristotle, focuses on:
A) Consequences and outcomes
B) Cultural norms and traditions
C) The character and moral virtues of the individual
D) Social contracts and agreements
E) Universal moral rules and duties
  • 23. In virtue ethics, courage is described as the mean between:
A) Lazy and overworked
B) Ignorance and wisdom
C) Cowardice and recklessness
D) Honest and deceptive
E) Greedy and generous
  • 24. Which ethical theory would be most concerned with a software developer's personal integrity and professional reputation?
A) Social Contract Theory
B) Virtue Ethics
C) Utilitarianism
D) Deontology
E) Care Ethics
  • 25. A software developer who chooses to help a struggling colleague despite being late for a deadline is demonstrating:
A) Virtue ethics in action
B) Care ethics priority
C) Utilitarian calculation
D) Professional negligence
E) Deontological duty
  • 26. A professional code of conduct is designed to:
A) Define technical standards
B) Set out acceptable behavior for members of a profession
C) Maximize company profits
D) Establish project timelines
E) Create competitive advantages
  • 27. Which of the following is a key component of professional codes of conduct?
A) Project management skills
B) Financial acumen
C) Technical proficiency
D) Marketing abilities
E) Integrity and honesty
  • 28. Professional codes of conduct help establish:
A) Better marketing strategies
B) Faster development cycles
C) Trust with clients, colleagues, and the public
D) Lower production costs
E) Technical superiority over competitors
  • 29. Following professional codes of ethics can produce benefits for:
A) Primarily for regulatory compliance
B) Exclusively for clients and customers
C) Only the individual professional
D) Just the employing organization
E) Individuals, profession, and society as a whole
  • 30. Adherence to professional codes reminds professionals of responsibilities they may be tempted to compromise due to:
A) Budget constraints
B) Day-to-day business pressures
C) Time restrictions
D) Technical limitations
E) Resource availability
  • 31. Professional codes of ethics provide an evaluation benchmark that professionals can use for:
A) Performance reviews
B) Technical skill development
C) Salary negotiations
D) Project planning
E) Self-assessment of ethical behavior
  • 32. According to ACM ethics, software developers have a primary responsibility to:
A) Avoid harm to users and society
B) Maximize company profits
C) Meet project deadlines
D) Write efficient code
E) Minimize development costs
  • 33. Which ACM principle specifically requires software developers to conduct thorough system evaluation?
A) ACM 1.1 – Contribute to society
B) ACM 1.2 – Avoid harm
C) ACM 2.6 – Honor confidentiality
D) ACM 2.5 – Thorough system evaluation
E) ACM 3.1 – Ensure professional competence
  • 34. Network administrators following ACM ethics must respect:
A) Privacy and maintain authorized access only
B) Hardware specifications
C) Bandwidth utilization
D) System uptime statistics
E) Network performance metrics
  • 35. Data analysts have an ethical obligation to ensure:
A) Fastest processing speeds
B) Lowest storage costs
C) Quick report generation
D) Maximum data collection volume
E) Data accuracy and avoid biased interpretations
  • 36. Computer scientists conducting research must maintain:
A) Highest grant funding
B) Research integrity and avoid falsification
C) Maximum publication quantity
D) Most citations
E) Fastest experimental results
  • 37. Systems architects must anticipate:
A) Lowest development costs
B) Fastest deployment times
C) Minimal documentation requirements
D) Failure modes and embed security by design
E) Maximum system performance
  • 38. Database specialists have an ethical duty to:
A) Ensure fastest query times
B) Reduce backup frequency
C) Minimize storage costs
D) Protect sensitive information and enforce access control
E) Maximize database performance
  • 39. Which IEEE code emphasizes public safety and welfare as paramount?
A) IEEE #4 – Professional development
B) IEEE #1 – Public safety and welfare
C) IEEE #2 – Technical competence
D) IEEE #3 – Honest claims
E) IEEE #5 – Environmental responsibility
  • 40. IT professionals who abuse privileged access to user data violate which ethical principle?
A) Technical efficiency
B) Cost optimization
C) User convenience
D) Respect for privacy and authorized access
E) System performance
  • 41. When management demands release of software with known security vulnerabilities, ethical whistleblowing requires:
A) Immediately going to the media
B) Documenting risks clearly and reporting through proper channels
C) Complying with management demands
D) Quietly fixing the problem without documentation
E) Ignoring the issue to protect job security
  • 42. According to ethical guidelines, whistleblowing is justified when:
A) Media attention is desired
B) Public harm is likely and internal channels have failed
C) Career advancement is needed
D) Personal gain is possible
E) Company reputation is at stake
  • 43. A network administrator asked to disable logs to hide a data breach should:
A) Ignore the request completely
B) Comply to maintain job security
C) Refuse participation and preserve evidence
D) Delete logs as requested
E) Report anonymously only
  • 44. Conflict of interest occurs when a systems architect favors a proprietary platform due to:
A) Technical specifications
B) Personal incentives rather than technical merit
C) Budget constraints
D) User preferences
E) Company policy requirements
  • 45. What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes utilitarianism from other ethical theories?
A) It focuses on rules
B) It prioritizes duties
C) It emphasizes character
D) It values traditions
E) It is consequentialist
  • 46. Which philosopher is primarily associated with the development of utilitarianism?
A) John Rawls
B) Immanuel Kant
C) Jeremy Bentham
D) Aristotle
E) Plato
  • 47. The greatest happiness principle states that actions are morally right if they result in:
A) Maximizing personal gain
B) Developing virtuous character
C) Following universal rules
D) Respecting individual rights
E) The most happiness for the most people
  • 48. In utilitarianism, hedonism refers to the pursuit of:
A) Power and influence
B) Fame and recognition
C) Pleasure and avoidance of pain
D) Wealth and status
E) Knowledge and wisdom
  • 49. According to utilitarianism, everyone's happiness counts:
A) Equally
B) Based on age
C) Based on social status
D) According to gender
E) According to wealth
  • 50. The trolley problem is used to illustrate which ethical dilemma?
A) Duty vs. self-interest
B) Justice vs. mercy
C) Following rules vs. compassion
D) Character development
E) Sacrificing one to save many
  • 51. In the trolley problem, utilitarianism would recommend:
A) Finding another solution
B) Pulling the lever to save more lives
C) Consulting others first
D) Leaving it to fate
E) Not pulling the lever to avoid responsibility
  • 52. Which critique of utilitarianism states it can justify sacrificing innocents if it maximizes happiness?
A) It is too abstract
B) It is culturally biased
C) It lacks clear guidelines
D) It is too rule-based
E) It ignores individual rights
  • 53. A major challenge of utilitarianism is difficulty in:
A) Respecting traditions
B) Predicting and measuring outcomes
C) Following clear rules
D) Developing character
E) Maintaining impartiality
  • 54. Deontology is classified as a:
A) Character-based theory
B) Culture-based theory
C) Non-consequentialist theory
D) Consequentialist theory
E) Situation-based theory
  • 55. Immanuel Kant is the founder of:
A) Relativism
B) Utilitarianism
C) Social Contract Theory
D) Deontology
E) Virtue Ethics
  • 56. The categorical imperative requires acting according to maxims that can be:
A) Accepted by society
B) Maximized for happiness
C) Approved by authorities
D) Universalized without contradiction
E) Developed through practice
  • 57. In deontology, treating others as ends in themselves means:
A) Exploiting their weaknesses
B) Respecting their dignity and autonomy
C) Controlling their actions
D) Using them for personal benefit
E) Ignoring their needs
  • 58. According to deontology, moral actions are obligatory if they fulfill a:
A) Moral duty
B) Economic benefit
C) Cultural norm
D) Social expectation
E) Personal desire
  • 59. In the lying to protect scenario, deontology recognizes that:
A) Personal relationships override rules
B) Protecting life may justify lying
C) Lying is always wrong
D) Rules are flexible
E) Truth is always paramount
  • 60. Which critique of deontology highlights that rigid rules can lead to harmful outcomes?
A) It is too outcome-oriented
B) It lacks character focus
C) It can be inflexible
D) It ignores consequences
E) It is culturally limited
  • 61. Deontology may create conflicts when duties:
A) Follow traditions
B) Maximize happiness
C) Develop character
D) Serve society
E) Contradict each other
  • 62. Virtue ethics was primarily developed by:
A) Aristotle
B) John Stuart Mill
C) Plato
D) Immanuel Kant
E) Jeremy Bentham
  • 63. Virtue ethics focuses on the:
A) Following moral rules
B) Outcomes of actions
C) Social contracts
D) Cultural traditions
E) Character and virtues of the individual
  • 64. The concept of virtue as the mean refers to:
A) Balance between deficiency and excess
B) Personal gain
C) Social approval
D) Maximum happiness
E) Strict rule following
  • 65. Eudaimonia in virtue ethics refers to:
A) Avoiding pain
B) Following rules
C) Maximizing pleasure
D) Flourishing or human happiness
E) Gaining power
  • 66. In virtue ethics, morality comes from:
A) Respecting duties
B) Developing good character over time
C) Obeying authorities
D) Following universal rules
E) Maximizing outcomes
  • 67. The virtue of courage is the mean between:
A) Laziness and overwork
B) Ignorance and wisdom
C) Dishonesty and deception
D) Cowardice and recklessness
E) Greed and generosity
  • 68. In the grocery helping scenario, virtue ethics emphasizes:
A) Personal convenience
B) Maximizing happiness
C) Following duty
D) Respecting rules
E) Compassion as a character trait
  • 69. Which critique of virtue ethics notes that it provides few clear guidelines for specific actions?
A) Abstract principles
B) Ignores consequences
C) Culturally biased
D) Too rule-focused
E) Lack of clear guidelines
  • 70. Virtue ethics differs from other theories by being more focused on:
A) The person than the action
B) Outcomes than intentions
C) Society than individuals
D) Rules than character
E) Culture than principles
  • 71. Utilitarianism focuses on consequences, while deontology focuses on:
A) Social approval
B) Cultural norms
C) Personal happiness
D) Rules and duties
E) Character development
  • 72. Deontology emphasizes duty regardless of consequences, while utilitarianism emphasizes:
A) Personal relationships
B) Cultural values
C) Outcomes and happiness
D) Social status
E) Character traits
  • 73. Virtue ethics differs from both utilitarianism and deontology by focusing on:
A) Character development
B) Rule following
C) Duty fulfillment
D) Outcome maximization
E) Cultural adaptation
  • 74. In software development, a utilitarian approach would prioritize:
A) Technical excellence
B) Company profit maximization
C) User benefits and societal impact
D) Personal professional growth
E) Following coding standards
  • 75. A deontological software developer would be most concerned with:
A) Maximizing user satisfaction
B) Achieving technical perfection
C) Developing personal virtues
D) Following ethical rules and duties
E) Meeting deadlines
  • 76. Virtue ethics in software development would emphasize:
A) Technical skill mastery
B) Career advancement
C) Outcome optimization
D) Strict rule adherence
E) Developing professional character
  • 77. When facing a deadline vs. quality dilemma, utilitarianism would ask:
A) What reflects good character?
B) What are the professional duties?
C) Which choice benefits more users?
D) What follows company policy?
E) What maximizes profit?
  • 78. In the same dilemma, deontology would prioritize:
A) Financial outcomes
B) Professional duties and rules
C) Technical standards
D) User happiness
E) Personal integrity
  • 79. Virtue ethics in this dilemma would focus on:
A) Meeting organizational goals
B) Following established rules
C) Demonstrating professional integrity
D) Maximizing positive outcomes
E) Achieving technical goals
  • 80. A balanced ethical approach might combine all three theories to:
A) Ignore character development
B) Avoid complex analysis
C) Focus only on outcomes
D) Simplify decision-making
E) Address different aspects of moral decision-making
  • 81. Ethical theories provide frameworks for:
A) Gaining social status
B) Understanding moral decisions
C) Achieving personal goals
D) Following technical procedures
E) Maximizing profits
  • 82. The study of ethical theories helps professionals:
A) Reduce workload
B) Increase salary potential
C) Gain management approval
D) Navigate complex moral issues
E) Improve technical skills
  • 83. Professional negligence in software development includes:
A) Documenting code thoroughly
B) Skipping tests knowingly and ignoring security vulnerabilities
C) Participating in code reviews
D) Following standard procedures
E) Working overtime to meet deadlines
  • 84. Data analysts who manipulate findings to please management are engaging in:
A) Professional collaboration
B) Technical optimization
C) Efficient data analysis
D) Appropriate stakeholder management
E) Unethical professional conduct
  • 85. What distinguishes ethical considerations from legal requirements in software development?
A) Ethics are personal, law is organizational
B) Ethics are technical, law is social
C) Ethics are optional, law is mandatory
D) Ethics address moral responsibility, law addresses compliance
E) Ethics are modern, law is traditional
  • 86. According to the framework, a system can be:
A) Technical but ethically neutral
B) Legal but technically flawed
C) Legal and technically correct but ethically questionable
D) Ethical but legally problematic
E) Ethical and legal but technically poor
  • 87. Which example demonstrates a system that is legal and technical but ethically questionable?
A) Standard security protocols
B) Proper error handling
C) Excessive data collection
D) User-friendly interface
E) Fast performance
  • 88. Ethical decision frameworks help avoid decisions based on:
A) Time limitations
B) Technical requirements
C) Resource availability
D) Personal bias, authority pressure, and convenience
E) Budget constraints
  • 89. The PLUS model helps encourage:
A) Faster development
B) Better documentation
C) Consistent and defensible decisions
D) Technical innovation
E) Higher profits
  • 90. Which of the following is NOT typically considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Developers and testers
B) Competitors
C) End users
D) Society at large
E) Employers/management
  • 91. In stakeholder analysis, determining power and vulnerability helps:
A) Understand influence and susceptibility
B) Calculate project costs
C) Assess timeline feasibility
D) Measure technical complexity
E) Evaluate budget requirements
  • 92. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder experiences short-term profit?
A) Society
B) Company
C) Users
D) Developers
E) Government regulators
  • 93. Stakeholder analysis focuses on:
A) Intent rather than impact
B) Impact rather than intent
C) Individual rather than group
D) Short-term rather than long-term
E) Technical rather than social
  • 94. A moral dilemma in software development occurs when:
A) Budget constraints exist
B) Management demands change
C) Time pressure increases
D) Two or more ethical principles conflict
E) Technical problems arise
  • 95. Which factor commonly causes moral dilemmas in software development?
A) Resource abundance
B) Time pressure
C) Proper planning
D) Clear requirements
E) Technical expertise
  • 96. When considering whether to release software with known bugs, what should be evaluated first?
A) Development timeline
B) Severity of the bug
C) Management preferences
D) Company profits
E) Technical complexity
  • 97. Critical bugs affecting safety or security:
A) Must not be ignored
B) Can be fixed post-release
C) Can be released with patches
D) Should be documented only
E) May be acceptable with warnings
  • 98. Which shortcut in software development creates technical debt?
A) Following standards
B) Skipping testing
C) Code reviews
D) Version control
E) Proper documentation
  • 99. Ignoring documentation in software development leads to:
A) Easier maintenance
B) Faster development
C) System instability
D) Improved security
E) Better performance
  • 100. Copying unlicensed code creates what type of risk?
A) Easier maintenance
B) Better functionality
C) Legal violations
D) Faster deployment
E) Technical improvements
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