SOCPRO REVIEWER PRELIM: ETHICALLY QUESTIONABLE EDITION
  • 1. MADAMI BA?
A) Wla na...finish na...
B) I NEED MORE QUESTION!
C) SHIIIIIITTT!!!
D) Grabi ka naman boss....
E) Sure ka sa mga question na toh?
  • 2. What does the 'P' in the PLUS ethical decision-making model stand for?
A) People
B) Principles
C) Procedures
D) Performance
E) Policies
  • 3. According to the PLUS model, which aspect considers whether an action complies with company policies and professional codes?
A) Self
B) Standards
C) Universal
D) Policies
E) Legal
  • 4. In the PLUS framework, the 'L' component evaluates whether an action is:
A) Logical
B) Lawful
C) Legitimate
D) Limited
E) Lucrative
  • 5. Which PLUS component asks 'Would this action be acceptable if everyone did it?'
A) Societal
B) Self
C) Universal
D) Legal
E) Policies
  • 6. The 'U' in PLUS refers to universal principles such as:
A) Utility and functionality
B) Usability and accessibility
C) Honesty, fairness, and respect for users
D) Understanding and communication
E) User experience and interface design
  • 7. According to the PLUS model, the 'S' component involves:
A) Security protocols
B) Stakeholder interests
C) Software standards
D) System requirements
E) Personal integrity and accountability
  • 8. When applying PLUS to software development, which component would be violated by releasing software with known security vulnerabilities despite company policy?
A) Policies
B) Legal
C) Universal
D) Technical
E) Self
  • 9. In the PLUS model, a developer who refuses to work overtime to meet an unrealistic deadline is primarily considering which component?
A) Legal
B) Professional
C) Universal
D) Policies
E) Self
  • 10. Which PLUS component would be most concerned with data privacy laws like GDPR?
A) Policies
B) Technical
C) Universal
D) Self
E) Legal
  • 11. Stakeholder analysis in software development primarily examines:
A) Project management methodologies
B) Who is affected by decisions and how
C) Code quality and testing procedures
D) Budget constraints and timelines
E) Technical specifications and requirements
  • 12. Which of the following is typically NOT considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Competitors
B) Clients/customers
C) End users
D) Society at large
E) Developers and testers
  • 13. In stakeholder analysis, focusing on impact rather than intent means:
A) Prioritizing technical specifications over user needs
B) Maximizing profit for shareholders
C) Considering actual consequences of actions
D) Meeting project deadlines regardless of outcomes
E) Following organizational procedures strictly
  • 14. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder group experiences the most direct negative impact?
A) Investors
B) Developers
C) Users
D) Company management
E) Marketing team
  • 15. A key principle of stakeholder analysis is to:
A) Consider only technical stakeholders
B) Ignore long-term societal impacts
C) Focus only on paying customers
D) Identify all affected parties and assess benefits/risks
E) Prioritize management interests above all
  • 16. In software development, stakeholder analysis helps determine:
A) Fastest development timeline
B) Fairness and responsibility in decision-making
C) Optimal technical solutions
D) Minimum viable product requirements
E) Most profitable features
  • 17. Utilitarianism in ethics focuses primarily on:
A) Rules and duties
B) Social norms and customs
C) Intentions and motivations
D) Character and virtues
E) Outcomes and consequences
  • 18. Which ethical theory would justify releasing software with minor bugs if it benefits the majority of users?
A) Utilitarianism
B) Virtue Ethics
C) Deontology
D) Care Ethics
E) Social Contract Theory
  • 19. The trolley problem is a classic example used to illustrate which ethical theory?
A) Utilitarianism
B) Deontology
C) Relativism
D) Egoism
E) Virtue Ethics
  • 20. Deontological ethics, founded by Immanuel Kant, emphasizes:
A) Prioritizing personal relationships
B) Considering cultural differences
C) Maximizing overall happiness
D) Following moral rules regardless of consequences
E) Developing virtuous character traits
  • 21. According to deontological ethics, lying to protect a friend from harm is:
A) Justified only in emergency situations
B) Always wrong regardless of outcome
C) Acceptable only if no one finds out
D) Always right if it saves a life
E) Morally complex and context-dependent
  • 22. Virtue ethics, developed by Aristotle, focuses on:
A) Universal moral rules and duties
B) The character and moral virtues of the individual
C) Social contracts and agreements
D) Consequences and outcomes
E) Cultural norms and traditions
  • 23. In virtue ethics, courage is described as the mean between:
A) Honest and deceptive
B) Ignorance and wisdom
C) Cowardice and recklessness
D) Lazy and overworked
E) Greedy and generous
  • 24. Which ethical theory would be most concerned with a software developer's personal integrity and professional reputation?
A) Deontology
B) Virtue Ethics
C) Social Contract Theory
D) Care Ethics
E) Utilitarianism
  • 25. A software developer who chooses to help a struggling colleague despite being late for a deadline is demonstrating:
A) Care ethics priority
B) Deontological duty
C) Virtue ethics in action
D) Professional negligence
E) Utilitarian calculation
  • 26. A professional code of conduct is designed to:
A) Define technical standards
B) Establish project timelines
C) Create competitive advantages
D) Maximize company profits
E) Set out acceptable behavior for members of a profession
  • 27. Which of the following is a key component of professional codes of conduct?
A) Marketing abilities
B) Project management skills
C) Integrity and honesty
D) Financial acumen
E) Technical proficiency
  • 28. Professional codes of conduct help establish:
A) Technical superiority over competitors
B) Trust with clients, colleagues, and the public
C) Faster development cycles
D) Better marketing strategies
E) Lower production costs
  • 29. Following professional codes of ethics can produce benefits for:
A) Just the employing organization
B) Primarily for regulatory compliance
C) Exclusively for clients and customers
D) Individuals, profession, and society as a whole
E) Only the individual professional
  • 30. Adherence to professional codes reminds professionals of responsibilities they may be tempted to compromise due to:
A) Budget constraints
B) Resource availability
C) Day-to-day business pressures
D) Technical limitations
E) Time restrictions
  • 31. Professional codes of ethics provide an evaluation benchmark that professionals can use for:
A) Performance reviews
B) Project planning
C) Technical skill development
D) Self-assessment of ethical behavior
E) Salary negotiations
  • 32. According to ACM ethics, software developers have a primary responsibility to:
A) Avoid harm to users and society
B) Meet project deadlines
C) Write efficient code
D) Maximize company profits
E) Minimize development costs
  • 33. Which ACM principle specifically requires software developers to conduct thorough system evaluation?
A) ACM 2.6 – Honor confidentiality
B) ACM 3.1 – Ensure professional competence
C) ACM 2.5 – Thorough system evaluation
D) ACM 1.1 – Contribute to society
E) ACM 1.2 – Avoid harm
  • 34. Network administrators following ACM ethics must respect:
A) System uptime statistics
B) Hardware specifications
C) Network performance metrics
D) Privacy and maintain authorized access only
E) Bandwidth utilization
  • 35. Data analysts have an ethical obligation to ensure:
A) Maximum data collection volume
B) Data accuracy and avoid biased interpretations
C) Fastest processing speeds
D) Lowest storage costs
E) Quick report generation
  • 36. Computer scientists conducting research must maintain:
A) Fastest experimental results
B) Research integrity and avoid falsification
C) Most citations
D) Maximum publication quantity
E) Highest grant funding
  • 37. Systems architects must anticipate:
A) Minimal documentation requirements
B) Maximum system performance
C) Lowest development costs
D) Fastest deployment times
E) Failure modes and embed security by design
  • 38. Database specialists have an ethical duty to:
A) Ensure fastest query times
B) Minimize storage costs
C) Maximize database performance
D) Protect sensitive information and enforce access control
E) Reduce backup frequency
  • 39. Which IEEE code emphasizes public safety and welfare as paramount?
A) IEEE #5 – Environmental responsibility
B) IEEE #3 – Honest claims
C) IEEE #2 – Technical competence
D) IEEE #1 – Public safety and welfare
E) IEEE #4 – Professional development
  • 40. IT professionals who abuse privileged access to user data violate which ethical principle?
A) Cost optimization
B) Technical efficiency
C) System performance
D) User convenience
E) Respect for privacy and authorized access
  • 41. When management demands release of software with known security vulnerabilities, ethical whistleblowing requires:
A) Ignoring the issue to protect job security
B) Documenting risks clearly and reporting through proper channels
C) Immediately going to the media
D) Quietly fixing the problem without documentation
E) Complying with management demands
  • 42. According to ethical guidelines, whistleblowing is justified when:
A) Media attention is desired
B) Company reputation is at stake
C) Career advancement is needed
D) Personal gain is possible
E) Public harm is likely and internal channels have failed
  • 43. A network administrator asked to disable logs to hide a data breach should:
A) Report anonymously only
B) Delete logs as requested
C) Comply to maintain job security
D) Refuse participation and preserve evidence
E) Ignore the request completely
  • 44. Conflict of interest occurs when a systems architect favors a proprietary platform due to:
A) Personal incentives rather than technical merit
B) User preferences
C) Company policy requirements
D) Budget constraints
E) Technical specifications
  • 45. What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes utilitarianism from other ethical theories?
A) It emphasizes character
B) It prioritizes duties
C) It focuses on rules
D) It is consequentialist
E) It values traditions
  • 46. Which philosopher is primarily associated with the development of utilitarianism?
A) John Rawls
B) Immanuel Kant
C) Plato
D) Jeremy Bentham
E) Aristotle
  • 47. The greatest happiness principle states that actions are morally right if they result in:
A) Maximizing personal gain
B) The most happiness for the most people
C) Respecting individual rights
D) Following universal rules
E) Developing virtuous character
  • 48. In utilitarianism, hedonism refers to the pursuit of:
A) Fame and recognition
B) Pleasure and avoidance of pain
C) Power and influence
D) Knowledge and wisdom
E) Wealth and status
  • 49. According to utilitarianism, everyone's happiness counts:
A) According to wealth
B) Based on social status
C) According to gender
D) Equally
E) Based on age
  • 50. The trolley problem is used to illustrate which ethical dilemma?
A) Following rules vs. compassion
B) Sacrificing one to save many
C) Character development
D) Duty vs. self-interest
E) Justice vs. mercy
  • 51. In the trolley problem, utilitarianism would recommend:
A) Not pulling the lever to avoid responsibility
B) Finding another solution
C) Consulting others first
D) Leaving it to fate
E) Pulling the lever to save more lives
  • 52. Which critique of utilitarianism states it can justify sacrificing innocents if it maximizes happiness?
A) It is too rule-based
B) It ignores individual rights
C) It lacks clear guidelines
D) It is too abstract
E) It is culturally biased
  • 53. A major challenge of utilitarianism is difficulty in:
A) Maintaining impartiality
B) Following clear rules
C) Respecting traditions
D) Predicting and measuring outcomes
E) Developing character
  • 54. Deontology is classified as a:
A) Character-based theory
B) Consequentialist theory
C) Non-consequentialist theory
D) Situation-based theory
E) Culture-based theory
  • 55. Immanuel Kant is the founder of:
A) Deontology
B) Utilitarianism
C) Virtue Ethics
D) Relativism
E) Social Contract Theory
  • 56. The categorical imperative requires acting according to maxims that can be:
A) Universalized without contradiction
B) Accepted by society
C) Maximized for happiness
D) Approved by authorities
E) Developed through practice
  • 57. In deontology, treating others as ends in themselves means:
A) Respecting their dignity and autonomy
B) Exploiting their weaknesses
C) Controlling their actions
D) Using them for personal benefit
E) Ignoring their needs
  • 58. According to deontology, moral actions are obligatory if they fulfill a:
A) Moral duty
B) Social expectation
C) Cultural norm
D) Economic benefit
E) Personal desire
  • 59. In the lying to protect scenario, deontology recognizes that:
A) Protecting life may justify lying
B) Personal relationships override rules
C) Lying is always wrong
D) Rules are flexible
E) Truth is always paramount
  • 60. Which critique of deontology highlights that rigid rules can lead to harmful outcomes?
A) It is too outcome-oriented
B) It is culturally limited
C) It lacks character focus
D) It ignores consequences
E) It can be inflexible
  • 61. Deontology may create conflicts when duties:
A) Follow traditions
B) Develop character
C) Serve society
D) Maximize happiness
E) Contradict each other
  • 62. Virtue ethics was primarily developed by:
A) Immanuel Kant
B) John Stuart Mill
C) Jeremy Bentham
D) Aristotle
E) Plato
  • 63. Virtue ethics focuses on the:
A) Social contracts
B) Outcomes of actions
C) Character and virtues of the individual
D) Following moral rules
E) Cultural traditions
  • 64. The concept of virtue as the mean refers to:
A) Strict rule following
B) Social approval
C) Personal gain
D) Balance between deficiency and excess
E) Maximum happiness
  • 65. Eudaimonia in virtue ethics refers to:
A) Gaining power
B) Avoiding pain
C) Flourishing or human happiness
D) Following rules
E) Maximizing pleasure
  • 66. In virtue ethics, morality comes from:
A) Maximizing outcomes
B) Obeying authorities
C) Respecting duties
D) Following universal rules
E) Developing good character over time
  • 67. The virtue of courage is the mean between:
A) Greed and generosity
B) Laziness and overwork
C) Ignorance and wisdom
D) Dishonesty and deception
E) Cowardice and recklessness
  • 68. In the grocery helping scenario, virtue ethics emphasizes:
A) Respecting rules
B) Following duty
C) Compassion as a character trait
D) Personal convenience
E) Maximizing happiness
  • 69. Which critique of virtue ethics notes that it provides few clear guidelines for specific actions?
A) Too rule-focused
B) Ignores consequences
C) Abstract principles
D) Lack of clear guidelines
E) Culturally biased
  • 70. Virtue ethics differs from other theories by being more focused on:
A) Society than individuals
B) Rules than character
C) The person than the action
D) Outcomes than intentions
E) Culture than principles
  • 71. Utilitarianism focuses on consequences, while deontology focuses on:
A) Cultural norms
B) Character development
C) Social approval
D) Rules and duties
E) Personal happiness
  • 72. Deontology emphasizes duty regardless of consequences, while utilitarianism emphasizes:
A) Character traits
B) Social status
C) Outcomes and happiness
D) Cultural values
E) Personal relationships
  • 73. Virtue ethics differs from both utilitarianism and deontology by focusing on:
A) Duty fulfillment
B) Character development
C) Outcome maximization
D) Rule following
E) Cultural adaptation
  • 74. In software development, a utilitarian approach would prioritize:
A) Technical excellence
B) Following coding standards
C) Company profit maximization
D) Personal professional growth
E) User benefits and societal impact
  • 75. A deontological software developer would be most concerned with:
A) Achieving technical perfection
B) Meeting deadlines
C) Developing personal virtues
D) Maximizing user satisfaction
E) Following ethical rules and duties
  • 76. Virtue ethics in software development would emphasize:
A) Strict rule adherence
B) Developing professional character
C) Career advancement
D) Technical skill mastery
E) Outcome optimization
  • 77. When facing a deadline vs. quality dilemma, utilitarianism would ask:
A) What reflects good character?
B) What are the professional duties?
C) Which choice benefits more users?
D) What follows company policy?
E) What maximizes profit?
  • 78. In the same dilemma, deontology would prioritize:
A) Professional duties and rules
B) Personal integrity
C) Technical standards
D) User happiness
E) Financial outcomes
  • 79. Virtue ethics in this dilemma would focus on:
A) Following established rules
B) Demonstrating professional integrity
C) Achieving technical goals
D) Maximizing positive outcomes
E) Meeting organizational goals
  • 80. A balanced ethical approach might combine all three theories to:
A) Simplify decision-making
B) Focus only on outcomes
C) Address different aspects of moral decision-making
D) Ignore character development
E) Avoid complex analysis
  • 81. Ethical theories provide frameworks for:
A) Maximizing profits
B) Achieving personal goals
C) Following technical procedures
D) Gaining social status
E) Understanding moral decisions
  • 82. The study of ethical theories helps professionals:
A) Improve technical skills
B) Increase salary potential
C) Gain management approval
D) Navigate complex moral issues
E) Reduce workload
  • 83. Professional negligence in software development includes:
A) Skipping tests knowingly and ignoring security vulnerabilities
B) Following standard procedures
C) Working overtime to meet deadlines
D) Documenting code thoroughly
E) Participating in code reviews
  • 84. Data analysts who manipulate findings to please management are engaging in:
A) Unethical professional conduct
B) Efficient data analysis
C) Technical optimization
D) Appropriate stakeholder management
E) Professional collaboration
  • 85. What distinguishes ethical considerations from legal requirements in software development?
A) Ethics address moral responsibility, law addresses compliance
B) Ethics are technical, law is social
C) Ethics are optional, law is mandatory
D) Ethics are personal, law is organizational
E) Ethics are modern, law is traditional
  • 86. According to the framework, a system can be:
A) Ethical but legally problematic
B) Legal and technically correct but ethically questionable
C) Ethical and legal but technically poor
D) Legal but technically flawed
E) Technical but ethically neutral
  • 87. Which example demonstrates a system that is legal and technical but ethically questionable?
A) Standard security protocols
B) Excessive data collection
C) User-friendly interface
D) Proper error handling
E) Fast performance
  • 88. Ethical decision frameworks help avoid decisions based on:
A) Time limitations
B) Personal bias, authority pressure, and convenience
C) Technical requirements
D) Resource availability
E) Budget constraints
  • 89. The PLUS model helps encourage:
A) Faster development
B) Technical innovation
C) Consistent and defensible decisions
D) Better documentation
E) Higher profits
  • 90. Which of the following is NOT typically considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Competitors
B) Society at large
C) Employers/management
D) Developers and testers
E) End users
  • 91. In stakeholder analysis, determining power and vulnerability helps:
A) Understand influence and susceptibility
B) Calculate project costs
C) Measure technical complexity
D) Assess timeline feasibility
E) Evaluate budget requirements
  • 92. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder experiences short-term profit?
A) Government regulators
B) Users
C) Society
D) Developers
E) Company
  • 93. Stakeholder analysis focuses on:
A) Short-term rather than long-term
B) Impact rather than intent
C) Individual rather than group
D) Intent rather than impact
E) Technical rather than social
  • 94. A moral dilemma in software development occurs when:
A) Budget constraints exist
B) Time pressure increases
C) Technical problems arise
D) Management demands change
E) Two or more ethical principles conflict
  • 95. Which factor commonly causes moral dilemmas in software development?
A) Proper planning
B) Resource abundance
C) Clear requirements
D) Time pressure
E) Technical expertise
  • 96. When considering whether to release software with known bugs, what should be evaluated first?
A) Severity of the bug
B) Development timeline
C) Company profits
D) Technical complexity
E) Management preferences
  • 97. Critical bugs affecting safety or security:
A) Can be fixed post-release
B) Must not be ignored
C) May be acceptable with warnings
D) Can be released with patches
E) Should be documented only
  • 98. Which shortcut in software development creates technical debt?
A) Following standards
B) Version control
C) Code reviews
D) Proper documentation
E) Skipping testing
  • 99. Ignoring documentation in software development leads to:
A) Faster development
B) Easier maintenance
C) Better performance
D) Improved security
E) System instability
  • 100. Copying unlicensed code creates what type of risk?
A) Technical improvements
B) Legal violations
C) Easier maintenance
D) Faster deployment
E) Better functionality
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