SOCPRO REVIEWER PRELIM: ETHICALLY QUESTIONABLE EDITION
  • 1. MADAMI BA?
A) Wla na...finish na...
B) Sure ka sa mga question na toh?
C) I NEED MORE QUESTION!
D) Grabi ka naman boss....
E) SHIIIIIITTT!!!
  • 2. What does the 'P' in the PLUS ethical decision-making model stand for?
A) Principles
B) Performance
C) People
D) Policies
E) Procedures
  • 3. According to the PLUS model, which aspect considers whether an action complies with company policies and professional codes?
A) Policies
B) Universal
C) Standards
D) Self
E) Legal
  • 4. In the PLUS framework, the 'L' component evaluates whether an action is:
A) Logical
B) Limited
C) Legitimate
D) Lucrative
E) Lawful
  • 5. Which PLUS component asks 'Would this action be acceptable if everyone did it?'
A) Universal
B) Self
C) Societal
D) Policies
E) Legal
  • 6. The 'U' in PLUS refers to universal principles such as:
A) User experience and interface design
B) Usability and accessibility
C) Understanding and communication
D) Honesty, fairness, and respect for users
E) Utility and functionality
  • 7. According to the PLUS model, the 'S' component involves:
A) Security protocols
B) System requirements
C) Software standards
D) Personal integrity and accountability
E) Stakeholder interests
  • 8. When applying PLUS to software development, which component would be violated by releasing software with known security vulnerabilities despite company policy?
A) Policies
B) Legal
C) Universal
D) Self
E) Technical
  • 9. In the PLUS model, a developer who refuses to work overtime to meet an unrealistic deadline is primarily considering which component?
A) Policies
B) Self
C) Professional
D) Legal
E) Universal
  • 10. Which PLUS component would be most concerned with data privacy laws like GDPR?
A) Self
B) Legal
C) Universal
D) Policies
E) Technical
  • 11. Stakeholder analysis in software development primarily examines:
A) Budget constraints and timelines
B) Who is affected by decisions and how
C) Technical specifications and requirements
D) Code quality and testing procedures
E) Project management methodologies
  • 12. Which of the following is typically NOT considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) End users
B) Society at large
C) Competitors
D) Clients/customers
E) Developers and testers
  • 13. In stakeholder analysis, focusing on impact rather than intent means:
A) Following organizational procedures strictly
B) Considering actual consequences of actions
C) Maximizing profit for shareholders
D) Prioritizing technical specifications over user needs
E) Meeting project deadlines regardless of outcomes
  • 14. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder group experiences the most direct negative impact?
A) Developers
B) Investors
C) Company management
D) Marketing team
E) Users
  • 15. A key principle of stakeholder analysis is to:
A) Prioritize management interests above all
B) Ignore long-term societal impacts
C) Consider only technical stakeholders
D) Focus only on paying customers
E) Identify all affected parties and assess benefits/risks
  • 16. In software development, stakeholder analysis helps determine:
A) Fairness and responsibility in decision-making
B) Most profitable features
C) Fastest development timeline
D) Minimum viable product requirements
E) Optimal technical solutions
  • 17. Utilitarianism in ethics focuses primarily on:
A) Rules and duties
B) Outcomes and consequences
C) Social norms and customs
D) Character and virtues
E) Intentions and motivations
  • 18. Which ethical theory would justify releasing software with minor bugs if it benefits the majority of users?
A) Deontology
B) Virtue Ethics
C) Utilitarianism
D) Social Contract Theory
E) Care Ethics
  • 19. The trolley problem is a classic example used to illustrate which ethical theory?
A) Egoism
B) Deontology
C) Utilitarianism
D) Virtue Ethics
E) Relativism
  • 20. Deontological ethics, founded by Immanuel Kant, emphasizes:
A) Maximizing overall happiness
B) Developing virtuous character traits
C) Following moral rules regardless of consequences
D) Prioritizing personal relationships
E) Considering cultural differences
  • 21. According to deontological ethics, lying to protect a friend from harm is:
A) Morally complex and context-dependent
B) Always right if it saves a life
C) Always wrong regardless of outcome
D) Justified only in emergency situations
E) Acceptable only if no one finds out
  • 22. Virtue ethics, developed by Aristotle, focuses on:
A) The character and moral virtues of the individual
B) Cultural norms and traditions
C) Social contracts and agreements
D) Universal moral rules and duties
E) Consequences and outcomes
  • 23. In virtue ethics, courage is described as the mean between:
A) Lazy and overworked
B) Honest and deceptive
C) Greedy and generous
D) Cowardice and recklessness
E) Ignorance and wisdom
  • 24. Which ethical theory would be most concerned with a software developer's personal integrity and professional reputation?
A) Virtue Ethics
B) Care Ethics
C) Deontology
D) Social Contract Theory
E) Utilitarianism
  • 25. A software developer who chooses to help a struggling colleague despite being late for a deadline is demonstrating:
A) Utilitarian calculation
B) Virtue ethics in action
C) Deontological duty
D) Care ethics priority
E) Professional negligence
  • 26. A professional code of conduct is designed to:
A) Maximize company profits
B) Set out acceptable behavior for members of a profession
C) Establish project timelines
D) Create competitive advantages
E) Define technical standards
  • 27. Which of the following is a key component of professional codes of conduct?
A) Project management skills
B) Marketing abilities
C) Financial acumen
D) Integrity and honesty
E) Technical proficiency
  • 28. Professional codes of conduct help establish:
A) Faster development cycles
B) Better marketing strategies
C) Lower production costs
D) Technical superiority over competitors
E) Trust with clients, colleagues, and the public
  • 29. Following professional codes of ethics can produce benefits for:
A) Just the employing organization
B) Primarily for regulatory compliance
C) Individuals, profession, and society as a whole
D) Exclusively for clients and customers
E) Only the individual professional
  • 30. Adherence to professional codes reminds professionals of responsibilities they may be tempted to compromise due to:
A) Day-to-day business pressures
B) Resource availability
C) Time restrictions
D) Technical limitations
E) Budget constraints
  • 31. Professional codes of ethics provide an evaluation benchmark that professionals can use for:
A) Technical skill development
B) Salary negotiations
C) Project planning
D) Self-assessment of ethical behavior
E) Performance reviews
  • 32. According to ACM ethics, software developers have a primary responsibility to:
A) Maximize company profits
B) Write efficient code
C) Meet project deadlines
D) Avoid harm to users and society
E) Minimize development costs
  • 33. Which ACM principle specifically requires software developers to conduct thorough system evaluation?
A) ACM 1.2 – Avoid harm
B) ACM 2.5 – Thorough system evaluation
C) ACM 1.1 – Contribute to society
D) ACM 2.6 – Honor confidentiality
E) ACM 3.1 – Ensure professional competence
  • 34. Network administrators following ACM ethics must respect:
A) Network performance metrics
B) Bandwidth utilization
C) Hardware specifications
D) Privacy and maintain authorized access only
E) System uptime statistics
  • 35. Data analysts have an ethical obligation to ensure:
A) Quick report generation
B) Maximum data collection volume
C) Lowest storage costs
D) Data accuracy and avoid biased interpretations
E) Fastest processing speeds
  • 36. Computer scientists conducting research must maintain:
A) Fastest experimental results
B) Maximum publication quantity
C) Highest grant funding
D) Most citations
E) Research integrity and avoid falsification
  • 37. Systems architects must anticipate:
A) Lowest development costs
B) Minimal documentation requirements
C) Fastest deployment times
D) Failure modes and embed security by design
E) Maximum system performance
  • 38. Database specialists have an ethical duty to:
A) Minimize storage costs
B) Protect sensitive information and enforce access control
C) Maximize database performance
D) Reduce backup frequency
E) Ensure fastest query times
  • 39. Which IEEE code emphasizes public safety and welfare as paramount?
A) IEEE #3 – Honest claims
B) IEEE #4 – Professional development
C) IEEE #2 – Technical competence
D) IEEE #1 – Public safety and welfare
E) IEEE #5 – Environmental responsibility
  • 40. IT professionals who abuse privileged access to user data violate which ethical principle?
A) User convenience
B) Technical efficiency
C) Respect for privacy and authorized access
D) Cost optimization
E) System performance
  • 41. When management demands release of software with known security vulnerabilities, ethical whistleblowing requires:
A) Immediately going to the media
B) Quietly fixing the problem without documentation
C) Ignoring the issue to protect job security
D) Documenting risks clearly and reporting through proper channels
E) Complying with management demands
  • 42. According to ethical guidelines, whistleblowing is justified when:
A) Public harm is likely and internal channels have failed
B) Company reputation is at stake
C) Media attention is desired
D) Career advancement is needed
E) Personal gain is possible
  • 43. A network administrator asked to disable logs to hide a data breach should:
A) Refuse participation and preserve evidence
B) Report anonymously only
C) Comply to maintain job security
D) Ignore the request completely
E) Delete logs as requested
  • 44. Conflict of interest occurs when a systems architect favors a proprietary platform due to:
A) User preferences
B) Personal incentives rather than technical merit
C) Budget constraints
D) Technical specifications
E) Company policy requirements
  • 45. What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes utilitarianism from other ethical theories?
A) It prioritizes duties
B) It values traditions
C) It focuses on rules
D) It is consequentialist
E) It emphasizes character
  • 46. Which philosopher is primarily associated with the development of utilitarianism?
A) Jeremy Bentham
B) Plato
C) John Rawls
D) Aristotle
E) Immanuel Kant
  • 47. The greatest happiness principle states that actions are morally right if they result in:
A) The most happiness for the most people
B) Respecting individual rights
C) Following universal rules
D) Developing virtuous character
E) Maximizing personal gain
  • 48. In utilitarianism, hedonism refers to the pursuit of:
A) Fame and recognition
B) Knowledge and wisdom
C) Wealth and status
D) Pleasure and avoidance of pain
E) Power and influence
  • 49. According to utilitarianism, everyone's happiness counts:
A) According to wealth
B) According to gender
C) Based on age
D) Equally
E) Based on social status
  • 50. The trolley problem is used to illustrate which ethical dilemma?
A) Character development
B) Justice vs. mercy
C) Duty vs. self-interest
D) Sacrificing one to save many
E) Following rules vs. compassion
  • 51. In the trolley problem, utilitarianism would recommend:
A) Consulting others first
B) Pulling the lever to save more lives
C) Finding another solution
D) Not pulling the lever to avoid responsibility
E) Leaving it to fate
  • 52. Which critique of utilitarianism states it can justify sacrificing innocents if it maximizes happiness?
A) It is too abstract
B) It ignores individual rights
C) It lacks clear guidelines
D) It is culturally biased
E) It is too rule-based
  • 53. A major challenge of utilitarianism is difficulty in:
A) Respecting traditions
B) Maintaining impartiality
C) Developing character
D) Following clear rules
E) Predicting and measuring outcomes
  • 54. Deontology is classified as a:
A) Character-based theory
B) Non-consequentialist theory
C) Consequentialist theory
D) Culture-based theory
E) Situation-based theory
  • 55. Immanuel Kant is the founder of:
A) Utilitarianism
B) Deontology
C) Virtue Ethics
D) Relativism
E) Social Contract Theory
  • 56. The categorical imperative requires acting according to maxims that can be:
A) Universalized without contradiction
B) Developed through practice
C) Maximized for happiness
D) Accepted by society
E) Approved by authorities
  • 57. In deontology, treating others as ends in themselves means:
A) Exploiting their weaknesses
B) Using them for personal benefit
C) Ignoring their needs
D) Respecting their dignity and autonomy
E) Controlling their actions
  • 58. According to deontology, moral actions are obligatory if they fulfill a:
A) Moral duty
B) Personal desire
C) Economic benefit
D) Social expectation
E) Cultural norm
  • 59. In the lying to protect scenario, deontology recognizes that:
A) Lying is always wrong
B) Rules are flexible
C) Personal relationships override rules
D) Protecting life may justify lying
E) Truth is always paramount
  • 60. Which critique of deontology highlights that rigid rules can lead to harmful outcomes?
A) It ignores consequences
B) It is culturally limited
C) It can be inflexible
D) It is too outcome-oriented
E) It lacks character focus
  • 61. Deontology may create conflicts when duties:
A) Develop character
B) Serve society
C) Follow traditions
D) Maximize happiness
E) Contradict each other
  • 62. Virtue ethics was primarily developed by:
A) Jeremy Bentham
B) Immanuel Kant
C) Aristotle
D) John Stuart Mill
E) Plato
  • 63. Virtue ethics focuses on the:
A) Cultural traditions
B) Social contracts
C) Following moral rules
D) Character and virtues of the individual
E) Outcomes of actions
  • 64. The concept of virtue as the mean refers to:
A) Maximum happiness
B) Personal gain
C) Balance between deficiency and excess
D) Strict rule following
E) Social approval
  • 65. Eudaimonia in virtue ethics refers to:
A) Gaining power
B) Maximizing pleasure
C) Flourishing or human happiness
D) Following rules
E) Avoiding pain
  • 66. In virtue ethics, morality comes from:
A) Following universal rules
B) Respecting duties
C) Developing good character over time
D) Obeying authorities
E) Maximizing outcomes
  • 67. The virtue of courage is the mean between:
A) Greed and generosity
B) Dishonesty and deception
C) Laziness and overwork
D) Ignorance and wisdom
E) Cowardice and recklessness
  • 68. In the grocery helping scenario, virtue ethics emphasizes:
A) Following duty
B) Personal convenience
C) Compassion as a character trait
D) Maximizing happiness
E) Respecting rules
  • 69. Which critique of virtue ethics notes that it provides few clear guidelines for specific actions?
A) Ignores consequences
B) Culturally biased
C) Lack of clear guidelines
D) Too rule-focused
E) Abstract principles
  • 70. Virtue ethics differs from other theories by being more focused on:
A) Society than individuals
B) The person than the action
C) Rules than character
D) Culture than principles
E) Outcomes than intentions
  • 71. Utilitarianism focuses on consequences, while deontology focuses on:
A) Social approval
B) Cultural norms
C) Rules and duties
D) Character development
E) Personal happiness
  • 72. Deontology emphasizes duty regardless of consequences, while utilitarianism emphasizes:
A) Outcomes and happiness
B) Character traits
C) Cultural values
D) Personal relationships
E) Social status
  • 73. Virtue ethics differs from both utilitarianism and deontology by focusing on:
A) Cultural adaptation
B) Character development
C) Duty fulfillment
D) Outcome maximization
E) Rule following
  • 74. In software development, a utilitarian approach would prioritize:
A) Following coding standards
B) Personal professional growth
C) Technical excellence
D) User benefits and societal impact
E) Company profit maximization
  • 75. A deontological software developer would be most concerned with:
A) Maximizing user satisfaction
B) Developing personal virtues
C) Meeting deadlines
D) Achieving technical perfection
E) Following ethical rules and duties
  • 76. Virtue ethics in software development would emphasize:
A) Technical skill mastery
B) Outcome optimization
C) Developing professional character
D) Career advancement
E) Strict rule adherence
  • 77. When facing a deadline vs. quality dilemma, utilitarianism would ask:
A) What maximizes profit?
B) What reflects good character?
C) What are the professional duties?
D) Which choice benefits more users?
E) What follows company policy?
  • 78. In the same dilemma, deontology would prioritize:
A) User happiness
B) Personal integrity
C) Professional duties and rules
D) Technical standards
E) Financial outcomes
  • 79. Virtue ethics in this dilemma would focus on:
A) Achieving technical goals
B) Meeting organizational goals
C) Demonstrating professional integrity
D) Maximizing positive outcomes
E) Following established rules
  • 80. A balanced ethical approach might combine all three theories to:
A) Ignore character development
B) Address different aspects of moral decision-making
C) Avoid complex analysis
D) Focus only on outcomes
E) Simplify decision-making
  • 81. Ethical theories provide frameworks for:
A) Understanding moral decisions
B) Achieving personal goals
C) Gaining social status
D) Following technical procedures
E) Maximizing profits
  • 82. The study of ethical theories helps professionals:
A) Navigate complex moral issues
B) Improve technical skills
C) Gain management approval
D) Reduce workload
E) Increase salary potential
  • 83. Professional negligence in software development includes:
A) Participating in code reviews
B) Working overtime to meet deadlines
C) Documenting code thoroughly
D) Skipping tests knowingly and ignoring security vulnerabilities
E) Following standard procedures
  • 84. Data analysts who manipulate findings to please management are engaging in:
A) Professional collaboration
B) Appropriate stakeholder management
C) Efficient data analysis
D) Unethical professional conduct
E) Technical optimization
  • 85. What distinguishes ethical considerations from legal requirements in software development?
A) Ethics are modern, law is traditional
B) Ethics are personal, law is organizational
C) Ethics address moral responsibility, law addresses compliance
D) Ethics are technical, law is social
E) Ethics are optional, law is mandatory
  • 86. According to the framework, a system can be:
A) Ethical and legal but technically poor
B) Legal and technically correct but ethically questionable
C) Legal but technically flawed
D) Ethical but legally problematic
E) Technical but ethically neutral
  • 87. Which example demonstrates a system that is legal and technical but ethically questionable?
A) Proper error handling
B) Fast performance
C) Standard security protocols
D) User-friendly interface
E) Excessive data collection
  • 88. Ethical decision frameworks help avoid decisions based on:
A) Resource availability
B) Personal bias, authority pressure, and convenience
C) Technical requirements
D) Budget constraints
E) Time limitations
  • 89. The PLUS model helps encourage:
A) Technical innovation
B) Faster development
C) Consistent and defensible decisions
D) Better documentation
E) Higher profits
  • 90. Which of the following is NOT typically considered a stakeholder in software projects?
A) Employers/management
B) Competitors
C) End users
D) Developers and testers
E) Society at large
  • 91. In stakeholder analysis, determining power and vulnerability helps:
A) Understand influence and susceptibility
B) Assess timeline feasibility
C) Measure technical complexity
D) Calculate project costs
E) Evaluate budget requirements
  • 92. When rushing a mobile app release, which stakeholder experiences short-term profit?
A) Company
B) Developers
C) Government regulators
D) Society
E) Users
  • 93. Stakeholder analysis focuses on:
A) Impact rather than intent
B) Intent rather than impact
C) Short-term rather than long-term
D) Individual rather than group
E) Technical rather than social
  • 94. A moral dilemma in software development occurs when:
A) Budget constraints exist
B) Management demands change
C) Time pressure increases
D) Technical problems arise
E) Two or more ethical principles conflict
  • 95. Which factor commonly causes moral dilemmas in software development?
A) Proper planning
B) Time pressure
C) Clear requirements
D) Technical expertise
E) Resource abundance
  • 96. When considering whether to release software with known bugs, what should be evaluated first?
A) Development timeline
B) Management preferences
C) Severity of the bug
D) Company profits
E) Technical complexity
  • 97. Critical bugs affecting safety or security:
A) Must not be ignored
B) Can be released with patches
C) Should be documented only
D) May be acceptable with warnings
E) Can be fixed post-release
  • 98. Which shortcut in software development creates technical debt?
A) Following standards
B) Skipping testing
C) Version control
D) Proper documentation
E) Code reviews
  • 99. Ignoring documentation in software development leads to:
A) Better performance
B) System instability
C) Faster development
D) Improved security
E) Easier maintenance
  • 100. Copying unlicensed code creates what type of risk?
A) Easier maintenance
B) Better functionality
C) Technical improvements
D) Legal violations
E) Faster deployment
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