A) A cognitive skill that enhances reasoning.
B) A systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment.
C) A type of psychological disorder.
D) An emotional response to stimuli.

A) Confirmation bias.
B) Anchoring bias.
C) Availability heuristic.
D) Overconfidence bias.

A) Being surprised by unpredicted outcomes.
B) Believing that an event was predictable after it has happened.
C) Underestimating future uncertainties.
D) Overconfidence in one's initial predictions.

A) Seeing patterns where none exist.
B) Believing that past random events affect future outcomes.
C) Relying solely on statistical evidence.
D) Understanding that outcomes are independent.

A) Blame others exclusively for their victories.
B) Take equal responsibility for successes and failures.
C) Attribute successes to themselves and failures to external factors.
D) Minimize their own role in results.

A) Relying on evidence-based predictions.
B) A clear acknowledgment of randomness in events.
C) Feeling helpless in decision-making scenarios.
D) The belief that one can influence outcomes that are really beyond control.

A) Calculating probabilities before acting.
B) Making decisions based on emotions rather than logic.
C) Relying on statistical data exclusively.
D) Assessing risks through careful analysis.

A) Confirmation bias.
B) Survivorship bias.
C) Recency bias.
D) Framing effect.

A) Underestimating the time required to complete a task.
B) Overestimating costs in project planning.
C) Relying on past performance data to predict future tasks.
D) Improving accuracy through careful planning.