A) A systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment.
B) A type of psychological disorder.
C) A cognitive skill that enhances reasoning.
D) An emotional response to stimuli.

A) Overconfidence bias.
B) Anchoring bias.
C) Availability heuristic.
D) Confirmation bias.

A) Overconfidence in one's initial predictions.
B) Being surprised by unpredicted outcomes.
C) Underestimating future uncertainties.
D) Believing that an event was predictable after it has happened.

A) Relying solely on statistical evidence.
B) Believing that past random events affect future outcomes.
C) Understanding that outcomes are independent.
D) Seeing patterns where none exist.

A) Feeling helpless in decision-making scenarios.
B) A clear acknowledgment of randomness in events.
C) The belief that one can influence outcomes that are really beyond control.
D) Relying on evidence-based predictions.

A) Calculating probabilities before acting.
B) Relying on statistical data exclusively.
C) Making decisions based on emotions rather than logic.
D) Assessing risks through careful analysis.

A) Underestimating the time required to complete a task.
B) Improving accuracy through careful planning.
C) Overestimating costs in project planning.
D) Relying on past performance data to predict future tasks.

A) Framing effect.
B) Survivorship bias.
C) Recency bias.
D) Confirmation bias.

A) Attribute successes to themselves and failures to external factors.
B) Minimize their own role in results.
C) Take equal responsibility for successes and failures.
D) Blame others exclusively for their victories.