A) An emotional response to stimuli.
B) A cognitive skill that enhances reasoning.
C) A type of psychological disorder.
D) A systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment.

A) Overconfidence bias.
B) Anchoring bias.
C) Availability heuristic.
D) Confirmation bias.

A) Believing that an event was predictable after it has happened.
B) Underestimating future uncertainties.
C) Being surprised by unpredicted outcomes.
D) Overconfidence in one's initial predictions.

A) Relying solely on statistical evidence.
B) Seeing patterns where none exist.
C) Believing that past random events affect future outcomes.
D) Understanding that outcomes are independent.

A) A clear acknowledgment of randomness in events.
B) Relying on evidence-based predictions.
C) Feeling helpless in decision-making scenarios.
D) The belief that one can influence outcomes that are really beyond control.

A) Assessing risks through careful analysis.
B) Making decisions based on emotions rather than logic.
C) Calculating probabilities before acting.
D) Relying on statistical data exclusively.

A) Underestimating the time required to complete a task.
B) Overestimating costs in project planning.
C) Relying on past performance data to predict future tasks.
D) Improving accuracy through careful planning.

A) Recency bias.
B) Framing effect.
C) Confirmation bias.
D) Survivorship bias.

A) Minimize their own role in results.
B) Take equal responsibility for successes and failures.
C) Attribute successes to themselves and failures to external factors.
D) Blame others exclusively for their victories.