- 1. The Spanish Civil War began on July 17, 1936, as a major conflict that pitted the democratically elected Republican government against a coalition of fascist forces led by General Francisco Franco. This devastating war arose from deep-rooted political, social, and economic tensions within Spain, characterized by the polarization between progressive and conservative factions. The conflict was ignited when a group of military officers, dissatisfied with the leftist policies and reforms being enacted by the Republicans, launched a rebellion in Spanish Morocco, which quickly spread to mainland Spain. The ensuing battles brought about widespread destruction and suffering, as the war grew increasingly brutal; it was marked by infamous incidents such as the bombing of Guernica, which captured the world's attention and highlighted the atrocities of war. Over the next three years, the fighting drew in international volunteers and became a battleground for competing ideologies, with foreign powers like Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy supporting Franco's Nationalists, while the Soviet Union and leftist brigades supported the Republicans. The conflict culminated in a Nationalist victory in April 1939, leading to a long authoritarian regime in Spain and leaving a profound impact on the nation’s collective memory and historical trajectory.
When did the Spanish Civil War start?
A) 1960
B) 1950
C) 1936
D) 1920
- 2. Who was the leader of Spain when the Civil War started?
A) Manuel Azaña
B) Miguel Primo de Rivera
C) Francisco Franco
D) Alfonso XIII of Spain
- 3. Which political faction supported the Republicans in the Spanish Civil War?
A) Fascists
B) Left-wing Republicans
C) Monarchists
D) Nationalists
- 4. Where did the military uprising against the Spanish Republic start in 1936?
A) Barcelona
B) Madrid
C) Spanish Morocco
D) Seville
- 5. Where did the Republic establish its government during the Civil War?
A) Toledo
B) Seville
C) Valencia
D) Zaragoza
- 6. Which playwright and poet was killed by Nationalist forces during the Civil War?
A) Lorca García
B) Federico García Lorca
C) Miguel de Unamuno
D) Pablo Neruda
- 7. Which famous American journalist reported about the Spanish Civil War?
A) Mark Twain
B) Jack London
C) Walt Whitman
D) Ernest Hemingway
- 8. Which city was besieged by Nationalist forces for the majority of the Civil War?
A) Madrid
B) Bilbao
C) Barcelona
D) Valencia
- 9. Which faction was primarily supported by the German Condor Legion during the Civil War?
A) Monarchists
B) Nationalists
C) Republicans
D) Anarchists
- 10. When did the Spanish Civil War officially end?
A) 1960
B) 1950
C) 1945
D) 1939
- 11. Who was the leader of the Nationalist faction during the Spanish Civil War?
A) Indalecio Prieto
B) José Antonio Primo de Rivera
C) Francisco Franco
D) Dolores Ibárruri
- 12. Which country provided significant military aid to the Nationalist side?
A) Italy
B) United Kingdom
C) Soviet Union
D) France
- 13. Who famously painted 'Guernica', a mural depicting the horrors of the Spanish Civil War?
A) Diego Rivera
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Pablo Picasso
D) Henri Matisse
- 14. Who was the leader of the anarchist forces in Catalonia during the Spanish Civil War?
A) Buenaventura Durruti
B) José Antonio Primo de Rivera
C) Juan Negrín
D) Francisco Largo Caballero
- 15. Where did the Nationalist faction establish its capital during the Spanish Civil War?
A) Barcelona
B) Seville
C) Burgos
D) Salamanca
- 16. Which foreign country provided significant military aid to the Republican side during the war?
A) Italy
B) Germany
C) Soviet Union
D) France
- 17. What role did the international media play during the Spanish Civil War?
A) Propaganda and coverage of events
B) Cultural exchanges
C) Food supply
D) Aid distribution
- 18. What was the motivation behind the Nationalist uprising against the Spanish Republic?
A) To restore traditional values and order
B) To promote modernist ideals
C) To establish a federal system
D) To enforce religious tolerance
- 19. Which city was famously bombed by the German Luftwaffe in support of the Nationalist forces during the war?
A) Barcelona
B) Guernica
C) Salamanca
D) Seville
- 20. What was the name of the left-wing alliance that governed the Republican side during the war?
A) National Front
B) United Front
C) Popular Front
D) Rainbow Coalition
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