- 1. African history is a rich tapestry woven with the threads of diverse cultures, ancient civilizations, dynamic empires, and impactful events. From the great kingdoms of Mali, Ghana, and Zimbabwe to the Ethiopian civilization and the ancient Egyptian Pharaohs, Africa's past is filled with remarkable achievements and contributions to human civilization. The continent has experienced colonization, struggles for independence, and periods of economic and social development. Throughout it all, African history reflects resilience, creativity, and a deep connection to the land and traditions that have shaped its people and societies for centuries.
Which ancient civilization built the Great Pyramid of Giza?
A) Romans
B) Egyptians
C) Greeks
D) Persians
- 2. Who was the first president of independent Kenya?
A) Kwame Nkrumah
B) Nelson Mandela
C) Julius Nyerere
D) Jomo Kenyatta
- 3. Where did the Songhai Empire exist?
A) North Africa
B) West Africa
C) Southern Africa
D) East Africa
- 4. Who was the famous Zulu leader who fought against British colonial rule?
A) Nelson Mandela
B) Shaka Zulu
C) Kwame Nkrumah
D) Jomo Kenyatta
- 5. Which African country was formerly known as Abyssinia?
A) Sudan
B) Ethiopia
C) Ghana
D) Angola
- 6. What was the major trade commodity in the Mali Empire?
A) Tea
B) Silk
C) Spices
D) Gold
- 7. Who was the first female President of Liberia and in Africa?
A) Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
B) Wangari Maathai
C) Grace Mugabe
D) Joyce Banda
- 8. Which river is the longest in Africa?
A) Nile
B) Zambezi
C) Niger
D) Congo
- 9. Who led the fight against apartheid in South Africa?
A) Desmond Tutu
B) Nelson Mandela
C) Thabo Mbeki
D) Steve Biko
- 10. Which North African country was ruled by Muammar Gaddafi for over 40 years?
A) Tunisia
B) Algeria
C) Libya
D) Egypt
- 11. In which year did Nigeria gain independence from British rule?
A) 1960
B) 1982
C) 1956
D) 1975
- 12. Where is the city of Timbuktu located?
A) Mali
B) Ethiopia
C) Nigeria
D) Tanzania
- 13. Which kingdom was known for its control of the gold trade routes in medieval West Africa?
A) Zimbabwe
B) Malawi
C) Ghana
D) Benin
- 14. What is the capital of Nigeria?
A) Abuja
B) Cairo
C) Accra
D) Lagos
- 15. Which African country was formerly known as Rhodesia?
A) Zambia
B) Zimbabwe
C) Mozambique
D) Malawi
- 16. What was the name of the South African policy of racial segregation and discrimination?
A) Decolonization
B) Pan-Africanism
C) Neo-colonialism
D) Apartheid
- 17. Who was the first black Secretary-General of the United Nations?
A) Dag Hammarskjöld
B) Kofi Annan
C) Trygve Lie
D) Ban Ki-moon
- 18. What is the largest desert in Africa?
A) Libyan
B) Namib
C) Sahara
D) Kalahari
- 19. Which famous ancient city is located in present-day Tunisia?
A) Thebes
B) Carthage
C) Memphis
D) Alexandria
- 20. Who is considered the father of modern Zimbabwe?
A) Robert Mugabe
B) Joshua Nkomo
C) Morgan Tsvangirai
D) Emmerson Mnangagwa
- 21. Who was the leader of the anti-colonial Mau Mau rebellion in Kenya?
A) Jomo Kenyatta
B) Mwai Kibaki
C) Uhuru Kenyatta
D) Dedan Kimathi
- 22. Which African country was formerly a French colony known as Upper Volta?
A) Burkina Faso
B) Niger
C) Mali
D) Ivory Coast
- 23. Which African country was the home of the ancient Kingdom of Kush, with its capital at Meroe?
A) Somalia
B) Zimbabwe
C) Sudan
D) Madagascar
- 24. Which African country was formerly known as Tanganyika before merging with Zanzibar to form a new nation?
A) Kenya
B) Tanzania
C) Uganda
D) Rwanda
- 25. Who was the South African leader who introduced apartheid and became Prime Minister in 1948?
A) Hendrik Verwoerd
B) P.W. Botha
C) Daniel Francois Malan
D) F.W. de Klerk
- 26. Which European country colonized Angola?
A) Spain
B) France
C) Portugal
D) Italy
- 27. What was the significance of the Mfecane in Southern Africa?
A) Era of peaceful coexistence among tribes
B) Cultural renaissance and artistic flourishing
C) Golden age of trade and prosperity
D) Period of widespread chaos and warfare
- 28. Who was the first President of Tanzania after independence?
A) Julius Nyerere
B) Samora Machel
C) Jomo Kenyatta
D) Idi Amin
- 29. In which country was the 1994 genocide that killed hundreds of thousands of Tutsis mainly carried out?
A) Uganda
B) Burundi
C) Sudan
D) Rwanda
- 30. Which North African country was colonized by the French and later gained independence in 1962?
A) Algeria
B) Tunisia
C) Morocco
D) Libya
- 31. Which European country colonized present-day Ghana?
A) Britain
B) Portugal
C) France
D) Germany
- 32. Who wrote the famous novel 'Things Fall Apart'?
A) Chinua Achebe
B) Wole Soyinka
C) Ben Okri
D) Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o
- 33. What was the name of the movement that aimed to unite all Africans against European colonial rule?
A) African Nationalism
B) African Diaspora
C) Pan-Africanism
D) Black Power Movement
- 34. The Swahili language originated as a mix of Bantu languages and which other language group?
A) Arabic
B) English
C) French
D) Spanish
- 35. Who was the first female President of Malawi, serving from 2002 to 2012?
A) Sylvie Kinigi
B) Ameenah Gurib-Fakim
C) Joyce Banda
D) Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
- 36. What was the name of the organization founded by Nelson Mandela to fight against apartheid in South Africa?
A) United Democratic Front (UDF)
B) Pan-African Congress (PAC)
C) Democratic Alliance (DA)
D) African National Congress (ANC)
- 37. Which African country was colonized by the Portuguese and later became the first post-colonial communist state in Africa?
A) Mozambique
B) Guinea-Bissau
C) Angola
D) Cape Verde
- 38. Which African country was once led by the military dictator Idi Amin?
A) Uganda
B) Kenya
C) Nigeria
D) Congo
- 39. In which year did Ghana become the first African country to gain independence from colonial rule?
A) 1957
B) 1975
C) 1948
D) 1963
- 40. The Transatlantic Slave Trade mostly involved the transportation of slaves from Africa to which other continent?
A) Europe
B) Asia
C) Americas
D) Australia
- 41. Which European power colonized Algeria in the 19th century?
A) Portugal
B) Spain
C) England
D) France
- 42. Who was the Libyan leader overthrown and killed during the Arab Spring in 2011?
A) Bashar al-Assad
B) Hosni Mubarak
C) Muammar Gaddafi
D) Ben Ali
- 43. Which African country was a former colony of Portugal?
A) Namibia
B) Angola
C) Mozambique
D) Botswana
- 44. Who was the Nigerian musician known for popularizing Afrobeat music?
A) Angelique Kidjo
B) Fela Kuti
C) King Sunny Ade
D) Miriam Makeba
- 45. Who was the Ethiopian Emperor who led the resistance against Italian colonization in the late 19th century?
A) Mansa Musa
B) Askia Mohammed
C) Menelik II
D) Haile Selassie
- 46. Who was the leader of the Pan-African movement and the first President of Ghana?
A) Julius Nyerere
B) Jomo Kenyatta
C) Patrice Lumumba
D) Kwame Nkrumah
- 47. Which famous African leader was assassinated in 1961, just months before his country's independence?
A) Hastings Banda
B) Leopold Sedar Senghor
C) Patrice Lumumba
D) Kwame Nkrumah
- 48. What was the famous city of trade and scholarship in medieval Mali Empire?
A) Cairo
B) Kilwa Kisiwani
C) Fez
D) Timbuktu
- 49. Who was the King of Mali Empire known for his pilgrimage to Mecca and vast wealth?
A) Askia Muhammad
B) Mansa Musa
C) Shaka Zulu
D) Sunni Ali
- 50. What was the main economic activity of the Swahili city-states along the East African coast?
A) Mining
B) Fishing
C) Agriculture
D) Trade
- 51. Who was the Nigerian activist who fought against environmental degradation in the Niger Delta region?
A) Chinua Achebe
B) Olusegun Obasanjo
C) Wole Soyinka
D) Ken Saro-Wiwa
- 52. What was the major religion spread through trade in East Africa, particularly in modern-day Kenya and Tanzania?
A) Islam
B) Hinduism
C) Buddhism
D) Christianity
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