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Constitution of the United States - Quiz
Contributed by: Daly
  • 1. According to historian Herbert W. Schneider, what was probably the most potent single tradition in the American Enlightenment?
A) The French Revolution
B) The Scottish Enlightenment
C) The Roman Republic
D) The Glorious Revolution
  • 2. Which 18th-century Scottish philosopher did Benjamin Franklin greatly admire?
A) Montesquieu
B) David Hume
C) John Locke
D) Thomas Hobbes
  • 3. In what year did Benjamin Franklin study works by David Hume while at Edinburgh?
A) 1688
B) 1823
C) 1760
D) 1778
  • 4. What shared belief did Benjamin Franklin and David Hume embrace regarding high-ranking public officials?
A) They should be appointed for life
B) They should receive no salary
C) They should control the judiciary
D) They must belong to the upper class
  • 5. According to Franklin and Hume, who was considered a better judge of character when choosing representatives?
A) The lower class
B) The nobility
C) Wealthy merchants
D) Foreign diplomats
  • 6. Which British political philosopher was a major influence following the Glorious Revolution of 1688?
A) Montesquieu
B) John Locke
C) David Hume
D) Polybius
  • 7. Whose contract theory of government was expanded upon by John Locke?
A) Thomas Hobbes
B) Alexander Hamilton
C) James Madison
D) Benjamin Franklin
  • 8. In which work did John Locke advance the principle of consent of the governed?
A) The Spirit of Law
B) Federalist No. 78
C) Two Treatises of Government
D) Federalist No. 47
  • 9. According to John Locke's social contract, what was the government's primary duty?
A) To accumulate wealth for the state
B) To serve the people by protecting their rights
C) To expand the nation's territory
D) To enforce religious uniformity
  • 10. What were the basic rights identified under Locke's social contract?
A) Equality, fraternity, and liberty
B) Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
C) Life, liberty, and property
D) Freedom of speech, press, and religion
  • 11. In which Federalist paper is Montesquieu's influence on Madison evident?
A) Federalist No. 47
B) Federalist No. 10
C) Federalist No. 51
D) Federalist No. 78
  • 12. In which Federalist paper is Montesquieu's influence on Hamilton evident?
A) Federalist No. 47
B) Federalist No. 84
C) Federalist No. 10
D) Federalist No. 78
  • 13. Which of the following American figures were known to read Montesquieu?
A) Locke, Hamilton, and Jay
B) Thomas Jefferson, Adams, and Mason
C) Benjamin Franklin, Hobbes, and Hume
D) Washington, Madison, and Franklin
  • 14. What did Montesquieu emphasize as necessary to prevent tyranny?
A) Balanced forces pushing against each other
B) Elimination of the legislative branch
C) Absolute rule by the lower class
D) A powerful central executive
  • 15. Whose 2nd century BC treatise on the checks and balances of the Roman Republic influenced Montesquieu?
A) Aristotle
B) Polybius
C) Plato
D) Cicero
  • 16. In which book did Montesquieu maintain that state powers should be separated by their service to the people's liberty?
A) Federalist Papers
B) The Spirit of Law
C) The Social Contract
D) Two Treatises of Government
  • 17. According to Montesquieu, what are the three branches of separated state powers?
A) Military, economic, and social
B) Monarchical, aristocratic, and democratic
C) Federal, state, and local
D) Legislative, executive, and judicial
  • 18. What was the purpose of the separation of powers according to Montesquieu?
A) To eliminate the need for elections
B) To concentrate power in the executive branch
C) To ensure judges create laws
D) The even distribution of authority among the several branches
  • 19. Who are described in the text as the ultimate interpreters of the constitution?
A) Supreme Court Justices
B) State Governors
C) Members of Congress
D) The President
  • 20. Which court case from 1823 is cited in the text as referencing Montesquieu?
A) Myers v. United States
B) Green v. Biddle
C) United States v. Wood
D) Nixon v. Administrator of General Services
  • 21. On what date was the convention's opening meeting originally scheduled?
A) June 19, 1787
B) May 31, 1787
C) May 25, 1787
D) May 14, 1787
  • 22. On what date did a quorum of seven states finally meet to begin deliberations?
A) June 13, 1787
B) May 25, 1787
C) June 19, 1787
D) May 14, 1787
  • 23. Which state refused to participate in the convention?
A) Virginia
B) Rhode Island
C) Pennsylvania
D) New Jersey
  • 24. How many total delegates were appointed by the states?
A) 55
B) 12
C) 7
D) 74
  • 25. How many delegates actually attended the convention?
A) 74
B) 12
C) 7
D) 55
  • 26. What was another name for the Virginia Plan?
A) Council of Revision
B) Federalist No. 78
C) Large State Plan
D) New Jersey Plan
  • 27. What was the Randolph Plan also known as?
A) The Judicial Review Act
B) The Articles of Confederation
C) The New Jersey Plan
D) The Virginia Plan
  • 28. What type of Congress did the Virginia Plan call for?
A) Bicameral Congress elected on a proportional basis
B) Unicameral Congress where all states had one vote
C) Bicameral Congress with equal state representation
D) Unicameral Congress elected on a proportional basis
  • 29. Whose philosophy did the Virginia Plan use for a divided government?
A) Montesquieu
B) William Blackstone
C) John Locke
D) Edward Coke
  • 30. Whose philosophy did the Virginia Plan use to emphasize civil liberties?
A) Edmund Burke
B) John Locke
C) William Blackstone
D) Edward Coke
  • 31. Which states did the Virginia Plan generally favor?
A) The most highly populated states
B) The less-populous states
C) States that refused to participate
D) States with unicameral legislatures
  • 32. What legislative structure did the New Jersey Plan retain?
A) A council of revision
B) A bicameral Congress elected on a proportional basis
C) A unicameral Congress where all states had one vote
D) A bicameral Congress with appointed members
  • 33. Which states did the New Jersey Plan generally favor?
A) The less-populous states
B) States proposing a bicameral legislature
C) States with large delegations
D) The most highly populated states
  • 34. Whose philosophy did the New Jersey Plan use to rely on received procedure?
A) English Whigs such as Edmund Burke
B) Montesquieu
C) John Locke
D) Edward Coke
  • 35. Whose jurisprudence did the New Jersey Plan use to emphasize sovereignty of the legislature?
A) William Blackstone
B) Alexander Hamilton
C) Oliver Ellsworth
D) John Locke
  • 36. On what date did the Convention devolve into the Committee of the Whole?
A) May 25
B) June 19
C) May 31
D) June 13
  • 37. On what date were the Virginia resolutions reported out of committee in amended form?
A) June 19
B) May 31
C) June 13
D) May 14
  • 38. On what date were delegates rejecting the New Jersey Plan?
A) June 13, 1787
B) May 31, 1787
C) June 19, 1787
D) May 25, 1787
  • 39. How many states voted in favor of the New Jersey Plan when it was defeated?
A) Twelve
B) Three
C) Seven
D) One
  • 40. How many states voted against the New Jersey Plan?
A) Twelve
B) Seven
C) Three
D) One
  • 41. How many states were recorded as divided when voting on the New Jersey Plan?
A) One
B) Three
C) Twelve
D) Seven
  • 42. Which delegate from Virginia proposed a supreme court veto over national legislation?
A) Wilson
B) Hamilton
C) Marshall
D) Madison
  • 43. Which delegate from Pennsylvania proposed a supreme court veto over national legislation alongside Madison?
A) Ellsworth
B) Burke
C) Wilson
D) Hamilton
  • 44. The proposal for a supreme court veto closely resembled the system in which state's 1777 Constitution?
A) Pennsylvania
B) New York
C) Connecticut
D) Virginia
  • 45. How many times was Madison's proposal for a supreme court veto defeated?
A) Once
B) Four times
C) Three times
D) Twice
  • 46. What replaced Madison's proposed supreme court veto?
A) A unanimous state vote
B) A council of revision
C) A presidential veto with congressional override
D) A legislative veto with judicial override
  • 47. Who argued for Supreme Court judicial review of acts of state legislature in Pennsylvania?
A) Edmund Burke
B) Oliver Ellsworth
C) John Marshall
D) James Wilson
  • 48. Who argued for Supreme Court judicial review of acts of state legislature in Connecticut?
A) John Marshall
B) Oliver Ellsworth
C) Alexander Hamilton
D) James Wilson
  • 49. According to Federalist No. 78, where does the preservation of the people's authority over legislatures particularly rest?
A) With the English Whigs
B) With the state governors
C) With judges
D) With the executive
  • 50. On what date did the Constitution supersede the Articles of Confederation?
A) March 4, 1789
B) March 1, 1781
C) September 17, 1787
D) May 25, 1787
  • 51. What concepts are embodied in Articles IV, V, and VI?
A) Federalism
B) Separation of powers
C) The Bill of Rights
D) Reconstruction
  • 52. What power did the Articles of Confederation give to the central government?
A) Sole authority to regulate all state laws
B) Extensive taxing and enforcement powers
C) Little power
D) Absolute monarchical power
  • 53. What size was the nation's army under the Articles?
A) 100-man army
B) 50,000-man army
C) 625-man army
D) 10,000-man army
  • 54. Which nation closed New Orleans to American commerce despite U.S. protests?
A) Spain
B) Canada
C) Britain
D) France
  • 55. When did the inter-state Annapolis convention take place?
A) September 1786
B) February 1787
C) March 1781
D) August 1787
  • 56. Which state positively refused to pay U.S. assessments for two years?
A) Connecticut
B) New York
C) Georgia
D) Massachusetts
  • 57. During which rebellion could Congress provide no money to support an endangered constituent state?
A) Stono Rebellion
B) Bacon's Rebellion
C) Whiskey Rebellion
D) Shays' Rebellion
  • 58. Who raised funds from Boston merchants to pay for a volunteer army during Shays' Rebellion?
A) James Madison
B) Rufus King
C) General George Washington
D) General Benjamin Lincoln
  • 59. What was another name for the Connecticut Compromise?
A) The Great Compromise
B) The Three-Fifths Compromise
C) The Southern Accommodation
D) The Committee of Detail
  • 60. What did the South's agricultural economies depend upon?
A) Industrial manufacturing
B) Paid immigrant labor
C) Slave labor
D) Foreign trade tariffs
  • 61. For how many years did the delegates agree to protect the slave trade to satisfy Southern interests?
A) 20 years
B) 10 years
C) 80 years
D) 50 years
  • 62. What fraction of slaves did the Three-Fifths Compromise allow states to count for representation?
A) Two-thirds
B) Three-fifths
C) One-quarter
D) One-half
  • 63. Who was a member of the Committee of Detail representing Massachusetts?
A) Rufus King
B) Nathaniel Gorham
C) Alexander Hamilton
D) Gouverneur Morris
  • 64. How many articles plus a preamble were in the constitution presented by the Committee of Detail?
A) Twenty-three
B) Seven
C) Thirty-nine
D) Twelve
  • 65. Who was a member of the Committee of Style and Arrangement representing New York?
A) John Rutledge
B) James Madison
C) Edmund Randolph
D) Alexander Hamilton
  • 66. Who was the primary author of the final draft's seven articles, preamble, and closing endorsement?
A) Gouverneur Morris
B) Benjamin Franklin
C) James Madison
D) Alexander Hamilton
  • 67. Who handwritten the original U.S. Constitution on five pages of parchment?
A) Gouverneur Morris
B) Benjamin Franklin
C) Alexander Hamilton
D) Jacob Shallus
  • 68. How many total delegates signed the Constitution?
A) Twenty-three
B) Twelve
C) Thirty-nine
D) Eleven
  • 69. How many state delegations agreed to the final proposal at the end of the convention, alongside the lone remaining delegate from New York?
A) Thirteen
B) Nine
C) Eleven
D) Twelve
  • 70. How did members of the Congress of the Confederation vote when forwarding the proposal to the states?
A) By a narrow majority
B) A two-thirds majority
C) They rejected it
D) Unanimously
  • 71. Which article of the proposed Constitution outlined the ratification process?
A) Article III
B) Article V
C) Article I
D) Article VII
  • 72. What fraction of states does nine out of thirteen represent?
A) A two-thirds majority
B) A three-fourths majority
C) A simple majority
D) Unanimous
  • 73. What were the supporters of the Constitution called?
A) Confederates
B) Federalists
C) Anti-Federalists
D) Republicans
  • 74. What were the opponents of the Constitution called?
A) Loyalists
B) Nationalists
C) Anti-Federalists
D) Federalists
  • 75. Which state was the first to ratify the Constitution?
A) New York
B) New Jersey
C) Pennsylvania
D) Delaware
  • 76. What was the vote count for Delaware's ratification?
A) 46-23
B) 30-0
C) 50-10
D) 13-0
  • 77. What was the vote count for Pennsylvania's ratification?
A) 50-25
B) 30-0
C) 46-23
D) 10-5
  • 78. What did the Federalists promise to add to secure individual liberties?
A) More land
B) A trade embargo
C) Amendments
D) A new president
  • 79. How much land did the Congress of Confederation agree to acquire for a permanent capital?
A) 100 square miles
B) 200 square miles
C) 50 square miles
D) 10 square miles
  • 80. What forced Rhode Island to ratify the Constitution?
A) Pressure from New York
B) A threatened trade embargo
C) The passage of the Bill of Rights
D) A unanimous vote by Congress
  • 81. In what year did Congress enact a new system regarding circuit and district courts?
A) 1789
B) 1891
C) 1796
D) 1795
  • 82. Under the 1891 system, what jurisdiction did district courts have?
A) Exclusive regional appeals jurisdiction
B) Original jurisdiction
C) Pendent jurisdiction
D) Discretionary jurisdiction
  • 83. What kind of jurisdiction does the Supreme Court hold regarding appeals after 1891?
A) Exclusive regional jurisdiction
B) Original jurisdiction
C) Discretionary jurisdiction
D) Mandatory circuit jurisdiction
  • 84. Did the framers contemplate the idea of judicial review?
A) Only the Supreme Court justices did
B) No
C) Yes
D) It was strictly forbidden by them
  • 85. By what doctrine do federal courts give 'full faith and credit' to State Courts?
A) Res judicata
B) Pendent jurisdiction
C) Judicial review
D) Discretionary jurisdiction
  • 86. Under what jurisdiction are two conflicting federal laws if one presents a strict constitutional issue?
A) Original jurisdiction
B) Discretionary jurisdiction
C) Pendent jurisdiction
D) Circuit jurisdiction
  • 87. Which amendment gave Congress the authority to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states?
A) Fifteenth Amendment
B) Seventeenth Amendment
C) Fourteenth Amendment
D) Sixteenth Amendment
  • 88. The Due Process Clause of the U.S. Constitution was partly based on common law and what historical document?
A) Petition of Right
B) Magna Carta
C) Virginia Charter of 1606
D) English Bill of Rights
  • 89. In what year was the Magna Carta signed?
A) 1776
B) 1215
C) 1808
D) 1689
  • 90. What did Thomas Jefferson maintain that most European governments were?
A) Egalitarian federations
B) Autocratic monarchies
C) Direct democracies
D) Constitutional republics
  • 91. What shared requirement is found in both the English Bill of Rights and the American Bill of Rights?
A) A bicameral legislature
B) Jury trials
C) Universal suffrage
D) A federal income tax
  • 92. Which historian and archaeologist claims the evidence of Haudenosaunee influence is largely coincidental and circumstantial?
A) Philip Levy
B) Donald Grinde
C) Bruce Johansen
D) John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt
  • 93. Who is noted as the most outspoken critic of the Haudenosaunee influence thesis?
A) Elisabeth Tooker
B) William Starna
C) Benjamin Franklin
D) Gouverneur Morris
  • 94. Where was John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt born?
A) Smithsonian Institution
B) Albany
C) Pennsylvania
D) Tuscarora Indian Reservation
  • 95. What was John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt's profession at the Smithsonian Institution's Bureau of Ethnology?
A) Ethnologist
B) Constitutional Scholar
C) Archaeologist
D) Framers Committee Chair
  • 96. Was the Albany Plan of Union accepted or rejected?
A) Accepted unanimously
B) Modified into the Preamble
C) Adopted as the first 10 amendments
D) Rejected
  • 97. What is the introductory paragraph of the Constitution called?
A) Closing Endorsement
B) Article V
C) Albany Plan
D) Preamble
  • 98. What do the seven Articles of the Constitution define?
A) The government's framework
B) The six goals of the Preamble
C) The Haudenosaunee Confederacy
D) The names of the 39 framers
  • 99. Which state was Gouverneur Morris from?
A) Tuscarora
B) Pennsylvania
C) Albany
D) New York
  • 100. What did Gouverneur Morris substitute in place of the names of the states?
A) 'We the People'
B) 'the Thirteen Colonies'
C) 'of the United States'
D) 'our Posterity'
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