- 1. Educational psychology is a branch of psychology that is dedicated to understanding how people learn and how different teaching methods can be used to improve learning outcomes. It explores concepts such as motivation, memory, cognitive development, and problem-solving skills to help educators create effective learning environments. Educational psychologists also study the social and emotional factors that influence learning, such as student-teacher relationships, classroom management, and the impact of peer interactions. By applying psychological theories and research findings to educational settings, educational psychologists strive to enhance teaching practices and support the academic success and overall well-being of students.
Which is an example of intrinsic motivation in a classroom setting?
A) A student completing a project out of personal interest
B) A student getting a reward for good behavior
C) A student wanting to impress their parents
D) A student being praised by the teacher
- 2. What is the zone of proximal development according to Vygotsky?
A) A popular educational theory in the 19th century
B) The practice of zoning schools based on development levels
C) The area of the brain responsible for learning
D) The difference between what a learner can do with help and without help
- 3. In behaviorism, what is reinforcement intended to do?
A) Encourage cognitive challenges
B) Punish undesired behaviors
C) Challenge students to think critically
D) Increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated
- 4. Which theorist is known for the stages of moral development?
A) Albert Bandura
B) Lawrence Kohlberg
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Jean Piaget
- 5. What is the term for adjusting the difficulty of a task to match the individual's abilities?
A) Scaffolding
B) Differentiation
C) Zoning
D) Alignment
- 6. Which cognitive process involves categorizing information by identifying common features?
A) Concept formation
B) Problem-solving
C) Memory storage
D) Decision-making
- 7. What is the term for the ability to understand and regulate one's own emotions?
A) Emotional intelligence
B) Behavioral therapy
C) Cognitive development
D) Intellectual superiority
- 8. What is the primary goal of student-centered learning approaches?
A) To empower students to take ownership of their learning process
B) Prioritize strict assessment standards
C) Facilitate teacher control over the classroom
D) Encourage passive learning through lectures
- 9. According to the Information Processing Model, what role does attention play in memory?
A) Retrieving lost memories
B) Determining what information is processed into memory
C) Accessing memories when needed
D) Storing information long-term
- 10. Which theory emphasizes the importance of observational learning and social behavior?
A) Cognitive Load Theory
B) Classical Conditioning
C) Social Learning Theory
D) Operant Conditioning
- 11. What is the term for the understanding that something continues to exist even when it cannot be seen?
A) Conservation
B) Theory of mind
C) Egocentrism
D) Object permanence
- 12. What term is used to describe the gap between what students already know and what they can learn with support?
A) Cognitive dissonance
B) Learning plateau
C) Critical period
D) Zone of proximal development
- 13. Which concept refers to a person’s belief in their capability to perform a specific task or reach a goal?
A) Self-efficacy
B) Self-actualization
C) Self-fulfilling prophecy
D) Self-regulation
- 14. What is the term for using multiple senses to enhance memory?
A) Sensory overload
B) Selective attention
C) Multisensory learning
D) Monomodal learning
- 15. Which type of reasoning involves solving problems by searching for relevant information?
A) Analogical reasoning
B) Deductive reasoning
C) Inductive reasoning
D) Heuristic reasoning
- 16. What is the purpose of formative assessment in the classroom?
A) To assign final grades
B) To provide feedback and monitor student progress
C) To assess students at the end of the semester
D) To rank students based on performance
- 17. Which learning theory suggests that learning is an active process of creating meaning from experience?
A) Humanism
B) Behaviorism
C) Cognitivism
D) Constructivism
- 18. What does the term 'cognitive load' refer to in educational psychology?
A) The number of students in a classroom
B) The mental effort required to process information
C) The weight of textbooks carried by students
D) The size of the school building
- 19. At what stage of cognitive development do children understand the conservation of volume?
A) Formal operational stage
B) Concrete operational stage
C) Preoperational stage
D) Sensorimotor stage
- 20. What is the term for the concept of rearranging and reconstructing cognitive structures to incorporate new information?
A) Accommodation.
B) Adaptation.
C) Assimilation.
D) Integration.
- 21. In behaviorism, what is the process of learning through reinforcement or punishment?
A) Social Learning
B) Cognitive Dissonance
C) Metacognition
D) Operant Conditioning
- 22. Who is known for the theory of cognitive development in children?
A) Erik Erikson
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Abraham Maslow
D) Jean Piaget
- 23. Who is known for his studies on the effects of rewards and punishments in learning and behavior?
A) Abraham Maslow
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Jean Piaget
D) B.F. Skinner
- 24. What is the role of schemas in cognitive development according to Piaget?
A) External rewards that motivate behavior
B) Mental structures that help organize knowledge
C) Mechanisms for storing short-term memories
D) Factors that impede learning
- 25. According to Erik Erikson, what is the stage during which adolescents try to find a sense of self and personal identity?
A) Identity vs. Role Confusion
B) Intimacy vs. Isolation
C) Generativity vs. Stagnation
D) Industry vs. Inferiority
- 26. What term refers to the process of thinking about thinking and monitoring one's cognitive processes?
A) Assimilation
B) Schema
C) Cognitive Dissonance
D) Metacognition
- 27. What is the term for the mental process of reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making?
A) Memory
B) Attention
C) Cognition
D) Perception
- 28. What is a commonly used method for assessing student understanding and learning progress?
A) Norm-Referenced Assessment
B) Summative Assessment
C) Formative Assessment
D) Authentic Assessment
- 29. What is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to give it meaning?
A) Memory
B) Cognition
C) Learning
D) Perception
- 30. What is the term for the mental process of recalling previously learned information?
A) Consolidation
B) Encoding
C) Retrieval
D) Elaboration
- 31. What is the term for a cognitive process that involves comparing new information to existing knowledge?
A) Internalization.
B) Accommodation.
C) Transformation.
D) Assimilation.
- 32. What is the theory that suggests individuals have different preferred learning styles?
A) Schema Theory
B) Social Learning Theory
C) Zone of Proximal Development Theory
D) Multiple Intelligences Theory
- 33. Who introduced the concept of emotional intelligence and its impact on success in life?
A) David Perkins
B) Daniel Goleman
C) Philippa Perry
D) Martin Seligman
- 34. Who is best known for his theory of classical conditioning?
A) Edward Thorndike
B) Jean Piaget
C) Erik Erikson
D) Ivan Pavlov
- 35. What is the term for the mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that people use to solve problems?
A) Cues.
B) Scripts.
C) Algorithms.
D) Heuristics.
- 36. Who is recognized for his contributions to the study of observational learning and self-efficacy?
A) Edward Thorndike
B) Albert Bandura
C) Kenneth Clark
D) Jerome Bruner
- 37. Who proposed the concept of the hierarchy of needs?
A) Abraham Maslow
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Carl Rogers
D) Erik Erikson
- 38. Who is recognized for his contributions to social constructivism and the concept of the zone of proximal development?
A) John Dewey
B) Edward Lee Thorndike
C) Albert Bandura
D) Lev Vygotsky
- 39. What is the term for the internal process that initiates, sustains, and regulates behavior?
A) Emotion
B) Stress
C) Motivation
D) Arousal
- 40. Who is known for his theory of multiple intelligences?
A) Erik Erikson
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Howard Gardner
D) Jean Piaget
- 41. Who outlined the stages of psychosocial development in humans?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Jean Piaget
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Erik Erikson
- 42. According to Abraham Maslow, which needs must be satisfied first before higher-level needs can be addressed?
A) Safety needs
B) Physiological needs
C) Esteem needs
D) Self-actualization needs
- 43. Who is best known for his studies on human memory and the forgetting curve?
A) Hermann Ebbinghaus
B) Kenneth Clark
C) Urie Bronfenbrenner
D) Jerome Bruner
- 44. What is the term for the mental representation of knowledge?
A) Prototype
B) Schema
C) Heuristic
D) Algorithm
- 45. The concept of forming a strong emotional bond at an early age is known as?
A) Attachment
B) Parenting
C) Bonding
D) Socialization
- 46. Which study technique involves breaking down information into smaller parts to aid in understanding and retention?
A) Spacing Effect
B) Chunking
C) Elaborative Rehearsal
D) Mnemonic Devices
- 47. Which type of reinforcement occurs when a behavior is strengthened through the addition of a stimulus after the behavior occurs?
A) Extinction.
B) Punishment.
C) Negative reinforcement.
D) Positive reinforcement.
- 48. Which perspective in educational psychology focuses on the influence of culture on learning?
A) Psychoanalytic perspective.
B) Biological perspective.
C) Humanistic perspective.
D) Sociocultural perspective.
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