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Lemur - Quiz
Contributed by: Newman
  • 1. What type of animal is a Lemur?
A) Primate
B) Reptile
C) Mammal
D) Bird
  • 2. Where are lemurs native to?
A) Madagascar
B) Australia
C) Brazil
D) Japan
  • 3. What is the typical diet of a lemur?
A) Fish
B) Meat
C) Seeds and nuts
D) Fruits and leaves
  • 4. Which type of lemurs are known for their distinctive black and white tails?
A) Red Ruffed Lemurs
B) Aye-aye Lemurs
C) Ring-tailed Lemurs
D) Indri Lemurs
  • 5. Which is the largest living lemur species?
A) Sifaka
B) Aye-aye
C) Indri
D) Ruffed Lemur
  • 6. Lemurs are diurnal, meaning they are most active during?
A) Nighttime
B) Daytime
C) Dawn and Dusk
D) Twilight
  • 7. What is the main threat to lemurs in the wild?
A) Predators
B) Climate change
C) Habitat loss
D) Disease
  • 8. What is a group of lemurs called?
A) Pod
B) Flock
C) Herd
D) Troop
  • 9. What is the origin of the name 'lemur'?
A) From Latin 'lemures', meaning 'ghosts, spirits of the dead'
B) Derived from Malagasy language, meaning 'tree climber'
C) Named after a famous explorer named Lemur
D) From Greek 'lemuros', meaning 'forest dweller'
  • 10. What is a common trait of extinct 'giant lemurs'?
A) Giant lemurs could fly.
B) They were larger than living lemur species, with some as large as gorillas.
C) Giant lemurs had no tails.
D) All giant lemurs lived in water.
  • 11. What type of metabolic rate do lemurs have?
A) They have a relatively low basal metabolic rate.
B) Lemurs have a high basal metabolic rate.
C) Lemurs lack a basal metabolic rate.
D) Their metabolic rate is variable and unpredictable.
  • 12. What type of breeding do lemurs exhibit?
A) Males dominate during the breeding season.
B) Lemurs breed only once in their lifetime.
C) They exhibit seasonal breeding with female social dominance.
D) Breeding occurs year-round without any specific pattern.
  • 13. How many species of lemurs can coexist in the same forest?
A) Only one species can live in a given forest.
B) All lemur species can coexist without conflict.
C) No two species of lemurs can share the same habitat.
D) Two species may coexist due to different diets.
  • 14. Who is credited with giving lemurs their name?
A) Louis Pasteur
B) Gregor Mendel
C) Carl Linnaeus
D) Charles Darwin
  • 15. What is the current name for Lemur volans?
A) Cynocephalus volans
B) Indri indri
C) Lemur catta
D) Daubentonia madagascariensis
  • 16. To which suborder do lemurs belong?
A) Haplorhini
B) Strepsirrhini
C) Tarsiiformes
D) Simiiformes
  • 17. From which early primates are modern strepsirrhines traditionally thought to have evolved?
A) Adapiforms
B) Tarsiers
C) Lorisoids
D) Simians
  • 18. What specialized arrangement of teeth do nearly all living strepsirrhines possess that adapiforms lack?
A) Bilophodont molars
B) Honing complex
C) Toothcomb
D) Canine tusks
  • 19. What is the name of the hypothesis that explains the colonization of Madagascar by lemurs through random rafting events?
A) Land bridge theory
B) Sweepstakes hypothesis
C) Island hopping hypothesis
D) Continental drift hypothesis
  • 20. What was the minimum width of the Mozambique Channel that ancestral lemurs had to cross?
A) 1000 km (620 mi)
B) 560 km (350 mi)
C) 300 km (186 mi)
D) 750 km (466 mi)
  • 21. Who first noted that the mammalian biodiversity on Madagascar could be accounted for by random rafting events?
A) Charles Darwin
B) Richard Owen
C) George Gaylord Simpson
D) William Diller Matthew
  • 22. What was the estimated duration of the rafting trip from Africa to Madagascar around 60 million years ago?
A) 6 months
B) 30 days or less
C) 100 days
D) 1 year
  • 23. By what time had the window for oceanic dispersal of lemurs to Madagascar closed?
A) 10 million years ago
B) 20 million years ago
C) 50 million years ago
D) 5 million years ago
  • 24. Which of the following traits is NOT mentioned as an adaptation to Madagascar's climate?
A) Nocturnal vision enhancement
B) Cathemerality
C) Hypometabolism
D) Seasonal fat storage
  • 25. What agricultural practice contributed to habitat destruction for lemurs?
A) Shifting cultivation
B) Slash-and-burn agriculture (tavy)
C) Terrace farming
D) Aquaculture
  • 26. How much of Madagascar's area do lemurs now inhabit?
A) 75%
B) 50%
C) 25%
D) ~10%
  • 27. Which lemur trait is associated with female social dominance?
A) Nocturnal activity
B) Large group sizes
C) High encephalization
D) Sexual monomorphism
  • 28. Which infraorder contains all living strepsirrhines in one taxonomy?
A) Chiromyiformes
B) Lorisiformes
C) Strepsirrhini
D) Lemuriformes
  • 29. Which genus was once debated as a primate, rodent, or marsupial?
A) Daubentonia
B) Indri
C) Lemur
D) Propithecus
  • 30. What is the relationship between sportive lemurs and koala lemurs according to genetic studies?
A) Subspecies of each other
B) Not closely related
C) Closely related
D) Identical
  • 31. What is the main reason for critics of increasing lemur species numbers?
A) Ecological stability
B) Morphological similarity
C) Genetic uniformity
D) Taxonomic inflation
  • 32. Which lemur is known for having continuously growing, rodent-like front teeth?
A) The indri
B) The sportive lemur
C) The aye-aye
D) The red-bellied lemur
  • 33. What unique feature does the aye-aye use to extract food from tiny holes?
A) A long tongue
B) A highly mobile, filiform middle finger
C) Large ears
D) Toilet-claw
  • 34. Which lemur species has a specialized digestive system for folivory?
A) Sportive lemurs
B) Hairy-eared dwarf lemurs
C) Mouse lemurs
D) Indriids
  • 35. Which trait is common among lemurs but not found in New World monkeys?
A) Postorbital closure
B) Fully fused mandible bones
C) Prehensile tail
D) A laterally compressed, elongated nail called a toilet-claw on the second toe
  • 36. Which organ do lemurs use to detect pheromones?
A) The auditory canal
B) The olfactory bulb
C) The vomeronasal organ
D) The rhinarium
  • 37. What is the function of the hairy-eared dwarf lemur's long tongue?
A) Feeding on nectar
B) Detecting hollow spaces within trees
C) Gnawing through wood
D) Extracting food from tiny holes
  • 38. Which extinct lemur species rivaled the gorilla in size?
A) The diademed sifaka
B) Archaeoindris fontoynonti
C) The indri
D) The aye-aye
  • 39. Which century saw an explosion of new lemur descriptions and names?
A) 18th century
B) 17th century
C) 20th century
D) 19th century
  • 40. On which network did the children's television series Zoboomafoo air?
A) Animal Planet
B) Discovery Channel
C) National Geographic
D) Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)
  • 41. Which lemur species is known to eat soil from termite mounds?
A) Golden bamboo lemurs
B) Coquerel's giant mouse lemurs
C) Ring-tailed lemurs
D) Sifakas
  • 42. Which type of plant material do lemurs rarely consume due to high tannin content?
A) Ferns
B) Mangroves
C) Grasses
D) Bamboo
  • 43. What type of locomotion was once exhibited by sloth lemurs such as Palaeopropithecus?
A) Sloth-like suspensory locomotion
B) Vertical clinging and leaping
C) Highly terrestrial quadrupedal locomotion
D) Fast arboreal quadrupedal locomotion
  • 44. What type of communication is least used by lemurs due to their limited facial muscles?
A) Olfactory signals
B) Tactile communication
C) Visual signals
D) Vocalizations
  • 45. Which naturalist founded the Duke Lemur Center in 1966?
A) John Buettner-Janusch
B) Alison Jolly
C) David Attenborough
D) Elwyn L. Simons
  • 46. What is the term used in Malagasy culture for taboos related to lemurs?
A) Babakoto
B) Ambiroa
C) Ancestor
D) Fady
  • 47. Who introduced lemurs to the West with a commercial film in 1960?
A) Alison Jolly
B) Jean-Jacques Petter
C) John Buettner-Janusch
D) David Attenborough
  • 48. What type of communication involves reaching out and touching another individual as a submissive behavior?
A) Olfactory communication
B) Vocal communication
C) Visual communication
D) Tactile communication
  • 49. Which lemur species does not survive well in captivity, making them rare in zoos?
A) Mouse lemurs
B) Indris
C) Ring-tailed lemurs
D) Sikafas
  • 50. Which type of diet is least common among lemurs?
A) Frugivory (fruit consumption)
B) Folivory (leaf eating)
C) Granivory (seed predation)
D) Omnivory (eating both plants and animals)
  • 51. What is the term used for when one individual or group starts a loud call and others join in?
A) Territorial marking
B) Contagious calling
C) Mating calls
D) Alarm calling
  • 52. What type of locomotion is exhibited by the ring-tailed lemur?
A) Slow arboreal quadrupedal locomotion
B) Vertical clinging and leaping
C) Sloth-like suspensory locomotion
D) Partially terrestrial quadrupedal locomotion
  • 53. What is the name of the locomotor behavior where lemurs leap rapidly from tree trunk to tree trunk?
A) Ricochetal leaping
B) Sloth-like suspensory locomotion
C) Slow arboreal quadrupedal locomotion
D) Partially terrestrial quadrupedal locomotion
  • 54. Who was the first westerner known to describe a giant (now extinct) lemur?
A) Étienne de Flacourt
B) George Edwards
C) James Petiver
D) Philibert Commerçon
  • 55. What year marked the beginning of Jean-Jacques Petter and Arlette Petter-Rousseaux's survey of Madagascar's lemur species?
A) 1975
B) 1962
C) 1980
D) 1956
  • 56. What is the estimated percentage of lemur species that should be listed as threatened on the IUCN Red List?
A) 70%
B) 50%
C) 90%
D) 30%
  • 57. What is the gestation period range for most lemurs?
A) 18–24 weeks
B) 9 weeks
C) 6 months
D) 3 months
  • 58. Which type of mating system is indicated by males developing enlarged testes and sperm plugs in mouse lemurs?
A) Monogamy
B) Pair bonding
C) Promiscuity
D) Scramble competition polygyny
  • 59. Which type of lemur communication is particularly important for species that rarely encounter each other?
A) Visual signals
B) Olfaction
C) Tactile communication
D) Vocalizations
  • 60. What term was initially used to describe the activity of true lemurs?
A) Nocturnal
B) Crepuscular
C) Diurnal
D) Cathemeral
  • 61. What is the term for the two-horned uterus found in lemurs?
A) Monocorneate
B) Bicornuate
C) Multicornuate
D) Tricornuate
  • 62. What behavior is associated with female social dominance in lemurs?
A) Solitary foraging at night
B) Increased maternal investment
C) Male migration upon maturity
D) Decreased grooming frequency
  • 63. What type of locomotion is exhibited by Mesopropithecus?
A) Slow (loris-like) arboreal quadrupedal locomotion
B) Sloth-like suspensory locomotion
C) Fast arboreal quadrupedal locomotion
D) Vertical clinging and leaping
  • 64. Who was responsible for standardizing the modern form of lemur taxonomic nomenclature in 1931?
A) Alphonse Milne-Edwards
B) John Edward Gray
C) Albert Günther
D) Ernst Schwarz
  • 65. What type of research involves studying lemurs in their natural habitats?
A) Ex situ research
B) In-situ research
C) Laboratory research
D) Genomic research
  • 66. What percentage of Madagascar's population lives in poverty?
A) 50%
B) 30%
C) Nearly 70%
D) 90%
  • 67. What is a characteristic feature of lemur enamel compared to anthropoid primates?
A) Thicker tooth enamel
B) No enamel
C) Thinner tooth enamel
D) Same thickness as anthropoids
  • 68. Which behavior is part of ritualized defense in sifakas?
A) Scent-marking
B) Foraging alone at night
C) Sharing nests with other females
D) Vocalizing during the day
  • 69. What is believed to happen if a pregnant woman eats a dwarf lemur?
A) The baby will be born with wings.
B) Her baby will get its beautiful, round eyes.
C) The baby will have no eyes.
D) She will become ill.
  • 70. Which facility is a free-range, private lemur exhibit southwest of Antananarivo?
A) Myakka City Lemur Reserve
B) Duke Lemur Center
C) Lemurs' Park
D) Parc Ivoloina
  • 71. What is one of the research topics studied at the Duke Lemur Center involving lemur cognition?
A) Tool preference based on functional qualities
B) Social groupings and reproduction
C) Transitive reasoning
D) Diet and social behavior
  • 72. How is the aye-aye generally viewed across Madagascar?
A) As a symbol of good luck.
B) With indifference.
C) Almost universally unfavorably.
D) As a beloved pet.
  • 73. Which anthropologist coined the term 'cathemeral'?
A) Dian Fossey
B) Jane Goodall
C) Ian Tattersall
D) Charles Darwin
  • 74. What is a characteristic of nocturnal lemurs' social behavior?
A) Exhibiting pair bonds
B) Foraging alone at night but often nesting in groups during the day.
C) Migrating seasonally
D) Living in large, cohesive groups
  • 75. Which organization lists lemurs on Appendix I, prohibiting trade except for scientific purposes?
A) Conservation International
B) IUCN
C) WWF
D) CITES
  • 76. How long can dwarf lemurs hibernate continuously?
A) One month
B) Five months
C) Six to eight days
D) Two weeks
  • 77. What aspect of lemur behavior is as variable as their morphology?
A) Metabolic rate.
B) Diet.
C) Behavior.
D) Habitat preference.
  • 78. What is the brain-to-body mass ratio of lemurs compared to other primates?
A) Average
B) Large
C) Variable
D) Small
  • 79. Which behavioral adaptation do lemurs use to reduce heat loss?
A) Sunning behaviors.
B) Increased nocturnal activity.
C) Isolation from group members.
D) Reduced movement during the day.
  • 80. Which predator is known to prey on smaller lemurs, usually 100 g or less?
A) Fossa
B) Owls
C) Madagascar harrier-hawk
D) Crocodiles
  • 81. Which hypothesis explains female dominance in lemurs by linking it to high reproductive costs?
A) A new hypothesis using simple game theory
B) Hypothesis based on male aggression
C) Hypothesis explaining monomorphism
D) The dominant view in the literature
  • 82. Which social organization pattern is most common among diurnal lemurs?
A) Multi-male groups
B) Solitary but social
C) Pair bonds
D) Fission-fusion
  • 83. How do male crowned lemurs act when females are aggressive?
A) Ignore the aggression
B) Act submissively
C) Leave the group
D) Become more aggressive
  • 84. What is a passive form of mate guarding used by male lemurs?
A) Vocal challenges
B) Territorial marking
C) Physical combat
D) Copulatory plugs
  • 85. Which extinct predator is known to have preyed on lemurs?
A) The golden bamboo lemur
B) The Madagascar buzzard
C) The ring-tailed lemur
D) The giant Malagasy crowned eagle (Stephanoaetus mahery)
  • 86. In which year did 'Lemur Kingdom' first air on Animal Planet?
A) 2006
B) 2008
C) 2005
D) 2010
  • 87. What dietary habit is linked to the low metabolic rate of the red-tailed sportive lemur?
A) Generally folivorous diet.
B) Frugivorous diet.
C) Insectivorous diet.
D) Carnivorous diet.
  • 88. Which activity pattern is unique to larger lemurs?
A) Nocturnality
B) Diurnality
C) Hibernation
D) Cathemerality
  • 89. Which French merchant is credited with describing and illustrating the mongoose lemur in London?
A) James Petiver
B) Alfred Grandidier
C) George Edwards
D) Étienne de Flacourt
  • 90. What is the primary purpose of allogrooming among higher ranking individuals?
A) Managing agonistic interactions
B) Finding food sources
C) Attracting mates
D) Avoiding predators
  • 91. What type of social system do ruffed lemurs exhibit?
A) Fission-fusion societies
B) Pair bonds
C) Multi-male groups
D) Solitary but social
  • 92. What percentage of lemur species were listed as critically endangered by the IUCN as of 2005?
A) 16%
B) 8%
C) 23%
D) 25%
  • 93. In which year did Étienne de Flacourt describe at least seven lemur species?
A) 1771
B) 1658
C) 1751
D) 1608
  • 94. What is female philopatry in the context of lemurs?
A) Females stay within their natal range while males migrate upon reaching maturity.
B) Males stay within their natal range while females migrate.
C) Both sexes migrate to new areas.
D) Neither sex migrates.
  • 95. Which lemur species is known for its 'dance-hop' movement when crossing large distances on the ground?
A) Verreaux's sifaka
B) Ring-tailed lemur
C) Indriids
D) Ruffed lemurs
  • 96. What is the estimated percentage of Madagascar's land area that is protected?
A) 10%
B) 3%
C) 20%
D) 30%
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