A) A close relationship where the parasite lives on or inside the host, causing it harm. B) An independent relationship with no interaction between the two species. C) A commensal relationship where one organism benefits without affecting the other. D) A mutualistic relationship where both organisms benefit equally.
A) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek B) Ridley Scott C) Entomologist E. O. Wilson D) Francesco Redi
A) The agent of malaria B) Hookworms C) Mistletoe D) Vampire bats
A) Parasites and predators both always kill their hosts. B) Parasites only interact with their hosts briefly. C) Parasites are much smaller than their hosts, do not kill them, and often live on or in them for an extended period. D) Parasites are larger than their hosts and typically kill them quickly.
A) Vector-transmitted parasitism B) Parasitic castration C) Directly transmitted parasitism D) Trophically-transmitted parasitism
A) The type of food the parasite consumes B) Invasiveness, distinguishing between endoparasites and ectoparasites. C) The speed at which parasites reproduce D) Size difference between parasite and host
A) By avoiding interaction with other species B) By exploiting hosts for resources necessary for survival, such as feeding on them. C) By living independently of any host D) By providing benefits to their hosts
A) Medieval Europe B) The Inca Civilization C) Ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome D) The Aztec Empire
A) Jonathan Swift B) E. O. Wilson C) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek in 1681 D) Francesco Redi
A) Jonathan Swift's 'On Poetry: A Rhapsody' B) Leeuwenhoek's scientific observations C) Ridley Scott's film Alien D) Bram Stoker's 1897 novel Dracula
A) From English Middle Ages terminology. B) From Latin parasitus directly. C) From a 19th-century scientific term. D) From Medieval French parasite, from Latinised form parasitus, from Ancient Greek παράσιτος (parasitos).
A) 1681 B) 1733 C) 1539 D) 1611
A) Facultative B) Obligate C) Direct D) Indirect
A) Viruses B) Protozoans C) Bacteria D) Helminths
A) Exhaled carbon dioxide B) Skin odours C) Vibration D) Light
A) Obligate ectoparasite B) Microparasite C) Facultative endoparasite D) Macroparasite
A) Caterpillar B) Scale insect C) Butterfly D) Aphid
A) Trophically-transmitted parasitism B) Parasitic castrators C) Directly transmitted parasitism D) Vector-transmitted parasitism
A) Toxoplasma B) Sacculina C) Schistosoma D) Ancylostoma
A) They become immune to other parasites. B) Their claws grow larger. C) They lose their ability to swim. D) They develop female secondary sex characteristics.
A) Random distribution B) Uniform distribution C) Continuous distribution D) Aggregated distribution
A) Ascaris lumbricoides B) Toxoplasma gondii C) Schistosoma mansoni D) Zoogonus lasius
A) Cross-infection B) Serial transmission C) Autoinfection D) Vector-borne infection
A) Directly transmitted parasitism B) Trophically-transmitted parasitism C) Parasitic castration D) Parasitoidism
A) Lice B) Copepods C) Acanthocephalans D) Trematodes
A) Trophically-transmitted parasitism B) Parasitic castration C) Directly transmitted parasitism D) Vector-transmitted parasitism
A) Cestodes B) Lice C) Bacteria D) Mites
A) Toxoplasmosis B) Lyme disease C) Malaria D) Chagas disease
A) Leishmania B) Plasmodium C) Trypanosoma D) Giardia
A) Ectoparasites B) Idiobionts C) Koinobionts D) Endoparasites
A) Idiobiont parasitoids B) Endoparasites C) Koinobiont parasitoids D) Ectoparasites
A) Leeches B) Mosquitoes C) Lampreys D) Vampire bats
A) Hematophagic B) Carnivorous C) Omnivorous D) Herbivorous
A) Kleptoparasitism B) Brood parasitism C) Social parasitism D) Hyperparasitism
A) CHV1 virus controlling chestnut blight B) Bombus bohemicus taking over bee hives C) Bacteriophages limiting bacterial infections D) Ant mimicry by Phengaris arion larvae
A) Vampire bats B) Mosquitoes C) Leeches D) Large blue butterfly, Phengaris arion
A) Vectors B) Photosynthesis C) Physical contact D) Fecal–oral route
A) Mosquitoes B) Leeches C) Fleas D) Lampreys
A) Less than 20% B) Over 40% C) Exactly 50% D) About 30%
A) Laying more eggs B) Building stronger nests C) Hiding in dense foliage D) Egg polymorphism
A) Predator B) Sibling C) Brother D) Thief
A) Cowbirds B) Skuas C) Whydahs D) Cuckoos
A) Brood parasitism B) Sexual parasitism C) Kleptoparasitism D) Sibling-parasitism
A) Sexual parasitism B) Kleptoparasitism C) Brood parasitism D) Adelphoparasitism
A) Skuas B) Whydahs C) Cuculidae D) Cowbirds
A) Flowers B) Leaves C) Stems D) Modified roots called haustoria
A) Cuscuta B) Mistletoe C) Species within the Orobanchaceae (broomrapes) D) Striga
A) About 50 species B) About 10,000 species C) About 100 species D) About 4,500 species
A) Saprophytes B) Biotrophs C) Hemibiotrophs D) Necrotrophs
A) Ustilago maydis B) Armillaria C) Microsporidia D) Plasmodium
A) Biotrophs B) Hemibiotrophs C) Symbionts D) Necrotrophic pathogens
A) Host adaptation B) Pathogenic shift C) Symbiotic transition D) Biotrophy-necrotrophy switch
A) Plasmodium B) Microsporidia C) Ustilago D) Armillaria
A) Sleeping sickness B) Malaria C) Amoebic dysentery D) Corn smut
A) Hemibiotrophs B) Microsporidia C) Necrotrophs D) Biotrophs
A) Amoebic dysentery B) Malaria C) Corn smut D) Sleeping sickness
A) Plasmodium B) Trypanosoma C) Entamoeba D) Borrelia
A) Bacillus anthracis B) Campylobacter jejuni C) Borrelia D) Haemophilus influenzae
A) Treponema pallidum B) Campylobacter jejuni C) Haemophilus influenzae D) Borrelia
A) Haemophilus influenzae B) Treponema pallidum C) Campylobacter jejuni D) Bacillus anthracis
A) Fungi B) Plants C) Animals D) Bacteria
A) 342 B) 70 C) 300,000 D) 75,000
A) Tyrannosaurus B) Velociraptor C) Triceratops D) Stegosaurus
A) Worm B) Bacterium C) Flea D) Protozoan
A) Late Triassic B) Early Cretaceous C) Jurassic D) Permian
A) Wolbachia B) Staphylococcus aureus C) Bacillus subtilis D) Escherichia coli
A) Charles Darwin B) Lynn Margulis C) Gregor Mendel D) Peter Kropotkin
A) Photosynthesis B) Fermentation C) Respiration D) Symbiogenesis
A) 5 million years B) 50,000 years C) At least 30 million years D) 100 million years
A) The Darwinian evolution hypothesis B) The Mendelian genetics hypothesis C) The Lamarckian inheritance hypothesis D) The Red Queen hypothesis
A) Henneguya zschokkei B) Toxoplasma gondii C) Cyclosa argenteoalba D) Euhaplorchis californiensis
A) Mice B) Killifish C) Egrets D) Cats
A) Euhaplorchis californiensis B) Toxoplasma gondii C) Henneguya zschokkei D) Cyclosa argenteoalba
A) Ability to reproduce B) The ability to fly C) Ability to hear D) Ability to see
A) Henneguya zschokkei B) Toxoplasma gondii C) Cyclosa argenteoalba D) Euhaplorchis californiensis
A) Tears B) Skin C) Lysozyme D) Antibodies
A) Lysozyme B) Hydrochloric acid C) Testosterone D) Sebum
A) E.O. Wilson B) Charles Darwin C) Rachel Carson D) Robert Poulin
A) They are not depicted in food webs. B) The top position. C) A middle position. D) The bottom position.
A) Avicenna B) Galen C) Jehan de Brie D) Hippocrates
A) Esperienze Intorno alla Generazione degl'Insetti B) De Motu Cordis C) Micrographia D) Osservazioni intorno agli animali viventi che si trovano negli animali viventi
A) Echinococcus granulosus B) Fasciola hepatica C) Sarcoptes scabiei D) Giardia lamblia |