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Molecular virology
Contributed by: Mead
  • 1. Molecular virology is a branch of virology that focuses on studying the genetic material, replication, and interactions of viruses at the molecular level. This field delves into the structure and function of viral components such as nucleic acids, proteins, and membranes, and their intricate roles in viral infection and pathogenesis. By investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying viral replication, host-virus interactions, immune responses, and antiviral strategies, molecular virologists contribute significantly to our understanding of viral diseases and the development of novel therapeutics and vaccines.

    What is a viral capsid?
A) Enzyme that breaks down host cell DNA
B) Energy-producing organelle
C) Protein shell that encloses viral genome
D) Lipid membrane surrounding virus
  • 2. What is a bacteriophage?
A) Virus that infects fungi
B) Virus that infects animals
C) Virus that infects bacteria
D) Virus that infects plants
  • 3. Which enzyme is crucial for retrovirus replication?
A) RNA polymerase
B) Ligase
C) Reverse transcriptase
D) DNA polymerase
  • 4. What is the function of a viral envelope?
A) Facilitates entry into host cell
B) Regulates gene expression
C) Produces energy
D) Protects viral genome
  • 5. What is antigenic drift in viruses?
A) Mutation in viral replication enzyme
B) No change in viral structure
C) Minor changes in viral proteins over time
D) Rapid and massive change in viral genome
  • 6. How do vaccines protect against viral infections?
A) By increasing viral mutation rate
B) By directly destroying viruses
C) By triggering the immune system to produce antibodies
D) By inhibiting viral replication
  • 7. What is the role of a viroporin in virus replication?
A) Packages viral genome into new virus particles
B) Helps virus replicate its genome
C) Forms channels in host cell membrane for viral entry and release
D) Promotes immune response against virus
  • 8. Which virus is responsible for causing AIDS?
A) Herpes Simplex Virus
B) Influenza Virus
C) Rotavirus
D) HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
  • 9. How do virophages differ from traditional viruses?
A) Infect other viruses rather than host cells
B) Contain both DNA and RNA genomes
C) Are larger in size
D) Replicate outside of host cell
  • 10. Which cellular organelle is often exploited by viruses for replication and assembly of viral particles?
A) Mitochondria
B) Nucleus
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Endoplasmic reticulum
  • 11. Which viral family does the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) belong to?
A) Picornaviridae
B) Orthomyxoviridae
C) Herpesviridae
D) Retroviridae
  • 12. What is the viral protein that helps to initiate the synthesis of viral RNA from the viral DNA template called?
A) Primase
B) DNA polymerase
C) RNA polymerase
D) Helicase
  • 13. What is the name given to a virus particle outside a host cell that consists of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein coat?
A) Capsid
B) Virion
C) Spike
D) Envelope
  • 14. What is the term for a virus that infects bacteria?
A) Prokaryophage
B) Bacteriophage
C) Bacterial virus
D) Phage virus
  • 15. What is the importance of viral receptors in host specificity?
A) Regulates viral protein expression
B) Produces energy for virus
C) Determines which host cells a virus can infect
D) Aids in viral replication
  • 16. What is the term for the process by which viruses acquire new genetic material from different sources?
A) Mutation
B) Translation
C) Replication
D) Recombination
  • 17. What do helical symmetries refer to in viruses?
A) Structure of viral capsid proteins arranged in a helix
B) Mode of viral transmission
C) Response of host cells to viral infection
D) Type of viral envelope
  • 18. Which viral disease has been eradicated through a successful vaccination campaign?
A) Polio
B) Smallpox
C) Influenza
D) Ebola
  • 19. What is the virus that causes COVID-19 classified as?
A) Rhabdovirus
B) Filovirus
C) Coronavirus
D) Paramyxovirus
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