A) Both require proving intent but not premeditation. B) Homicide requires evidence of malice, whereas murder does not. C) Murder investigations require proving premeditation and intent, while homicide focuses on unlawful killing without premeditation. D) Murder investigations do not require physical evidence.
A) Searching for external enemies. B) Establishing financial motives. C) B. Investigating family dynamics and possible abuse history. D) Prioritizing testimonies from neighbors only.
A) Only collecting physical evidence. B) Assuming all injuries are accidental. C) Verifying witnesses’ account of hazing rites. D) Ignoring school policies on hazing.
A) Only eyewitness accounts. B) Physical proofs like bruises only. C) Documentation such as texts, emails, or recorded interactions. D) Medical forensic reports.
A) Employ trauma-informed interviewing and preserve privacy. B) Refuse victim statements. C) Use open public spaces for interviews. D) Ignore the victim’s willingness to testify.
A) Sexual harassment cases are not investigated. B) Sexual harassment cases rely more on documented communications and behavioral patterns. C) Both require the same forensic evidence. D) Rape cases do not involve victim interviews.
A) Ignoring the victim’s medical report. B) Avoiding medical examinations. C) Documenting the nature and extent of injuries using medical and photographic evidence. D) Only interviewing the suspect.
A) It applies only to workplace harassment. B) It does not protect complainants during investigation. C) It excludes verbal harassment from investigation. D) A. It requires investigators to focus on public and online harassment in addition to physical acts.
A) Treating the case as normal homicide without special attention. B) Focusing only on suspects unrelated to the victim. C) Ignoring the condition of the victim. D) Identification and examination of the newborn.
A) Medical evidence is unnecessary. B) Only suspect confessions matter. C) They rely solely on police observations at the scene. D) Anti-hazing investigations often require infiltration or testimonies from insiders due to secretive rites.
A) Proving the existence and condition of the newborn. B) Establishing financial motives. C) Ignoring medical examination results. D) Identifying external suspects only.
A) Ignoring the extent of injury. B) Victim’s medical and photographic documentation of injuries. C) Suspect’s confession alone. D) . Witness testimonies only.
A) Use of trauma-sensitive interviewing and evidence preservation. B) Public questioning of the victim. C) Focus on eyewitness accounts only. D) Delay collection of forensic evidence.
A) Focus only on physical injuries. B) Assume all injuries were accidental. C) Ignore school records. D) Collect insider testimonies and investigate secret rites.
A) Collection of documentary evidence like emails and messages. B) Immediate arrest without investigation. C) No interviews with complainants. D) Focus on physical violence only.
A) Exclude verbal and non-verbal acts. B) Inclusion of public and online harassment in evidence gathering. C) Limit investigations to physical assault only. D) Ignore victims' protection.
A) Delay investigation until all complaints are filed. B) Conduct coordinated investigations addressing each crime distinctly. C) Investigate only the most serious offense. D) Separate cases completely without coordination.
A) Public exposure of victims. B) . Limit victim involvement in investigation. C) Protection from retaliation and privacy during interviews. D) Delay in providing assistance.
A) Establishing premeditation and deliberate intent. B) Avoiding forensic examinations. C) Ignoring witness statements. D) Investigating without proof of intent.
A) Family members' statements are ignored. B) They inform motive and relationship context essential to the case. C) Are not considered in investigation. D) Only external suspects are investigated.
A) Accept suspect's denials without verification. B) . Avoid interviewing victims. C) Use testimonies from participants and witnesses with secrecy concerns. D) Collect only physical evidence.
A) Use of administrative and criminal procedures with documented proof. B) No investigation required if victim hesitates. C) Physical evidence is the sole basis. D) Only criminal investigation is allowed.
A) Digital evidence is ignored. B) Digital evidence is inadmissible. C) Only face-to-face encounters count. D) Evidential value is given to online messages, videos, and social media content.
A) Delaying evidence collection. B) Ignoring victim trauma. C) Publicizing victim identity. D) Ensuring confidential and rapid forensic exams and counseling.
A) By arresting group leaders only. B) By relying only on physical evidence. C) By disregarding group membership. D) By piecing together testimonies from multiple participants
A) Civil action always precedes criminal investigation. B) Criminal cases do not proceed until civil is completed. C) Civil action may proceed independently and requires only preponderance of evidence. D) Both follow identical processes.
A) They are excluded from investigation. B) They are automatically convicted. C) They are processed identically to adults. D) Special procedures and rehabilitative measures are applied.
A) Informal handling by investigators. B) Proper documentation and preservation of forensic materials. C) Immediate disposal after collection. D) No documentation needed.
A) . Law enforcement investigates without school input. B) Schools must cooperate promptly with law enforcement during investigations. C) Schools handle hazing cases internally only. D) Cooperation is optional.
A) Victims have no protection during investigation. B) Immediate action including collection of witness accounts and digital proof. C) Only physical assaults are investigated. D) Reports are generally ignored.
A) Absence of intent B) Victim’s consent C) Only bodily injury D) Qualifying or aggravating circumstances such as treachery or premeditation (Correct)
A) Witnesses’ testimonies only B) Ignoring the infant's physical condition C) Solely suspect’s confession D) Forensic examination of the body for signs like strangulation or smothering
A) No evidence required B) Physical injury observation only C) Relying only on victim statements D) Collection of surveillance and digital evidence relating to medication or procedures
A) Relying only on witness accounts B) Ignoring victim’s medical history C) Suspect confession only D) Photographic documentation, medical reports, and detailed measurement of injuries
A) Delayed evidence collection B) Trauma-informed victim interview and preservation of biological evidence C) Public announcement of the case D) Ignoring victim’s privacy
A) Ignoring institutional policies B) Testimonies corroborating secretive initiation activities C) Neglecting witness accounts D) Openly documented activities
A) Private individuals B) School or uniformed institution officials C) No one before conviction D) Only the court after conviction
A) It is inadmissible B) It serves as primary evidence of harassment C) Ignored during investigation D) Only verbal reports are valid
A) Only workplaces are covered B) Limits protection to residential spaces C) . It includes public spaces and online platforms as protectable areas D) Excludes online harassment
A) No special consideration B) Same as adult suspects C) Juvenile procedures and appropriate safeguards D) Automatic incarceration
A) Intent must always be proven B) Ignored in murder cases C) Killing during the commission of a dangerous felony can be classified as murder regardless of intent D) Only accidental deaths qualify
A) Both require preserving the scene, but murder investigation has more rigorous forensic examination B) Murder scenes do not require photos C) o differences at all D) Physical injury scenes are not secured
A) It delays investigation B) It is irrelevant C) It helps establish when death occurred related to birth D) Only suspect confession matters
A) Only suspect background matters B) It is ignored C) It delays investigation D) Understanding victim behavior and context assists in evidence gathering and witness identification
A) Avoiding interviews B) gnoring secrecy claims C) Using interviews with participants and bystanders under protections D) Relying on social media only
A) They handle incidents secretly B) They have no responsibilities C) They punish after court ruling only D) . School officials are required to actively investigate and report hazing incidents
A) Sexual harassment cases exclude witness statements B) Both are identical in approach C) Rape requires no forensic evidence D) . Sexual harassment relies more on documented communication and patterns of behavior
A) Only physical proof counts B) Cyber evidence is secondary C) Digital proof like messages and videos are pivotal D) Digital evidence is dismissed
A) Delay investigation B) Conduct a holistic investigation addressing elements of each crime distinctly C) Focus on only the most serious charge D) Refer cases to separate authorities
A) To prevent evidence contamination and ensure admissibility B) It is not important C) It delays trial D) Only applies to physical injuries
A) Suspect confession only B) Medical records, witness accounts, and evidence of medication or tools C) Only witness statements D) No evidence required
A) Ignoring victim history B) Suspect’s word only C) Assuming all injuries are accidental D) y thorough medical and forensic examination and victim statements
A) Conducting interviews in public areas B) Interviewing without victim presence C) Ensuring privacy and non-intimidating environment D) Pressuring victims for immediate statements
A) Arresting offenders B) Imposing sanctions after summary hearings C) Ignoring complaints D) Reporting only without action
A) Often disregarded B) Not recorded C) As crucial corroborating evidence for intent and sequence D) Less important than suspect confession
A) Employ confidentiality, proper interview techniques, and protection from retaliation B) Victims are ignored C) Victims must testify publicly D) No special protection needed
A) Smothering and strangulation B) Poisoning adults C) Theft D) Financial fraud
A) Suspect’s denials B) No proof needed C) Victim's consent agreement D) Presence of injuries and witness testimony on hazing rites
A) Coordinated forensic and investigative processes covering all relevant laws B) Only focus on physical injuries C) Delay action until one crime is resolved D) Separate investigations without coordination
A) proof of express intent always required B) Rule excluded in felony cases C) That death occurred during commission of dangerous felony regardless of intent D) Only accidental death is murder
A) Only medical records are collected B) Focus primarily on witness interviews only C) More emphasis on forensic analysis and ballistics D) No need to secure the scene strictly
A) Use of weapons available only outside the home B) Motive related to family dynamics C) Presence of multiple victims D) Focus on financial records only
A) Avoid collecting medical reports B) Exclusive focus on victim’s statement without corroboration C) Coordination with educational institutions and identification of organizational liability D) Immediate arrest without evidence
A) Focus on property damage reports B) Only photos of injuries are required C) Collection of DNA and sexual assault kit evidence D) No need for victim's consent for evidence collection
A) Maintain confidentiality and gather witness statements sensitively B) Ignore the power dynamics between complainant and respondent C) Publicly disclose the identities of the parties involved D) Focus only on physical evidence
A) More thorough and detailed questioning due to higher penalties B) Focus only on witness’s emotional state C) Only record the witness names without further questioning D) Witness statements are optional
A) Ignoring medical records B) Publicly revealing patient identities immediately C) Protecting medical privacy while gathering evidence D) Only questioning family members
A) Avoiding involvement of counseling services B) Prioritizing property damage evaluation C) Only taking written statements without medical exams D) Immediate medical and psychological support during evidence collection
A) Arresting without evidence B) Ignoring victim testimony C) Excluding medical examinations D) Determining organizational responsibility and intent
A) Work closely with school authorities to identify perpetrators and enforce penalties B) Only deal with parents of victims C) Avoid informing the educational institution D) Release all investigation details to the public immediately
A) Ignore complaints without physical injury B) Prosecute only if there is a criminal record C) Only physical evidence is relevant D) Focus on verbal and non-physical behaviors and power dynamics
A) Only investigate if physical violence is involved B) Only face-to-face complaints are accepted C) Collection and preservation of digital evidence like messages and posts D) No need to verify electronic data
A) No evidence is needed for rape B) Both require only witness statements C) Sexual harassment requires DNA evidence D) Rape requires forensic and medical evidence, sexual harassment focuses more on testimonies and digital proof
A) Parricide is only investigated by family B) Parricide requires no motive evaluation C) Intent and relationship to the victim play key roles, requiring a focus on motive and family history D) Both are treated identically in investigations
A) Public interrogation of minors is allowed B) Sensitivity to victim’s vulnerability and legal protections for minors C) Youth involvement is disregarded D) No need for psychological evaluation
A) Only examine victim's injuries without context B) Skip interviewing involved groups C) Investigators consider group dynamics and event sequence to establish hazard causation D) Assume injuries are accidental by default
A) They focus only on external injuries for hazing cases B) They exclusively handle paperwork C) They conduct specialized forensic exams for sexual assault evidence in rape cases D) Medical examiners are not involved in rape cases
A) Securely preserve chat logs, emails, or messages with metadata for authenticity B) Only print and disregard digital files C) Delete irrelevant messages immediately D) Ignore electronic evidence altogether
A) Ignore victim welfare during questioning B) Confidentiality, victim protection, and non-retaliation guarantees C) Delay investigations without victim consent D) Publicize victim identity for transparency
A) Immediate arrest without medical consultation B) Ignoring consent or autonomy issues C) Mandating public disclosure of patient information D) Respecting privacy and health rights while legally gathering evidence
A) Clinical death is reversible; brain death is always reversible B) Brain death involves stopped heartbeat; clinical death involves no brain activity C) Clinical death involves stopped heartbeat and breathing; brain death involves no brain activity D) Clinical death involves loss of social interaction only
A) Clinical death caused by heart stoppage B) Social death where the person is rejected by society C) Natural death due to disease D) Psychic death representing loss of consciousness
A) Decomposition of internal organs B) Onset of rigor mortis C) Skin slippage and blisters D) Cessation of respiration, circulation, and nervous system function
A) Decrease in body temperature below environment B) Softening of tissues due to bacterial action C) Stiffening of muscles beginning 1-2 hours after death D) Skin discoloration caused by blood settling
A) Skin breakdown caused by decomposition B) Blood pooling due to gravity, useful for determining the body's position after death C) Cooling of the body to ambient temperature D) Muscle stiffening after death
A) Scraping of the skin surface B) Torn and irregular edges C) Clean-cut edges usually made by sharp objects D) Small puncture marks
A) Closed wound caused by blunt force trauma, with intact skin but bruising underneath B) Open wound with torn skin edges C) Wound caused by scraping D) Wound caused by penetration of sharp objects
A) Incisions are only caused by blunt objects B) Lacerations heal faster than incisions C) Lacerations have irregular, torn edges; incisions have clean edges D) Lacerations are smaller cuts
A) Organs shrink and dry out B) Intestines distend with gas, liver becomes spongy and brain softens and liquefies C) Organs calcify and harden D) No visible changes occur
A) Has no role in wound healing B) Appears as shiny globules and dies quickly when exposed C) Is always brownish and dry D) Remains viable longer than muscle
A) An infection developed in wound tissues B) An open cut exposing muscle C) A scraped skin surface D) A collection of blood outside blood vessels causing swelling
A) Immediate onset of rigor mortis B) Coolness of the body C) Drying and shriveling of skin D) Slippage of skin and blisters filled with fluid
A) It rises sharply for several hours B) It remains constant indefinitely C) It fluctuates randomly D) It gradually drops until it matches the environment
A) Loss of consciousness but with heartbeat continuing until actual death B) Social rejection causing emotional death C) Total brain shutdown D) Clinical death with stopped heartbeat
A) Contusion B) Incision C) Abrasion D) Puncture
A) A wound caused by blunt impact but unbroken skin B) Small but deep wound made by a pointed object C) Large open wound with torn tissue D) Surface wound with no tissue penetration
A) Natural death B) Social death C) Non-natural death D) Brain death
A) Helps determine the position of the body and time since death B) Identifies cause of death directly C) Indicates rigor mortis onset D) Shows body temperature changes
A) Desiccation B) Algor mortis C) Livor mortis D) Putrefaction
A) Immediate closure and healing B) Presence of fresh bleeding C) Caused only by surgical intervention D) Longer duration and delayed healing process |