- 1. Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination enforced by the government of South Africa from 1948 until the early 1990s. The term, which means 'apartness' in Afrikaans, was used to describe the policies aimed at maintaining white minority rule and subjugating the non-white population, particularly Black South Africans. Under apartheid, the country was divided into separate racial groups, with laws that dictated where individuals could live, work, and go to school based on their race. Non-white people were forced to live in designated areas, known as Bantustans or townships, often in impoverished conditions, while privileges and resources were disproportionately allocated to the white population. The apartheid regime used violent repression to silence dissent, leading to widespread protests, international condemnation, and calls for sanctions against the South African government. The struggle against apartheid was marked by the efforts of numerous activists, including Nelson Mandela, who became a symbol of resistance. The system officially ended in 1994 when South Africa held its first democratic elections, leading to Mandela's election as the country's first Black president. The legacy of apartheid continues to affect South Africa today, as the nation grapples with issues of inequality, social justice, and the lasting effects of systemic racism.
In what year did the Apartheid system officially begin?
A) 1960
B) 1976
C) 1934
D) 1948
- 2. Which party was primarily responsible for implementing Apartheid?
A) African National Congress
B) National Party
C) South African Communist Party
D) United Democratic Front
- 3. Who was the prominent leader of the ANC who fought against Apartheid?
A) Oliver Tambo
B) Desmond Tutu
C) Nelson Mandela
D) Walter Sisulu
- 4. What was the name of the act that established classification of race?
A) The Bantu Education Act
B) The Population Registration Act
C) The Native Land Act
D) The Group Areas Act
- 5. Which of the following was prohibited under Apartheid laws?
A) Interracial marriage
B) Access to public parks
C) Voting for all citizens
D) Public schooling for whites
- 6. What year did Nelson Mandela get released from prison?
A) 1989
B) 1992
C) 1994
D) 1990
- 7. Who was the last apartheid-era President of South Africa?
A) Nelson Mandela
B) Thabo Mbeki
C) F.W. de Klerk
D) P.W. Botha
- 8. Which international organization condemned Apartheid?
A) G7
B) World Bank
C) United Nations
D) NATO
- 9. What were 'pass laws'?
A) Laws regulating trade
B) Laws protecting wildlife
C) Traffic regulations
D) Regulations controlling movement of black South Africans
- 10. What happened during the Soweto Uprising of 1976?
A) A march for housing
B) Students protested against Afrikaans in schools
C) A peace rally
D) Workers protested for higher wages
- 11. Which act enforced separate areas for different racial groups?
A) Bantu Education Act
B) Population Registration Act
C) Native Labour Regulation Act
D) Group Areas Act
- 12. Who was Bantu Stephen Biko?
A) A government official
B) An ANC leader
C) A political prisoner
D) A leader of the Black Consciousness Movement
- 13. What was the outcome of the 1994 elections in South Africa?
A) Nelson Mandela became the first black president.
B) No elections were held.
C) Apartheid laws were strengthened.
D) The National Party won again.
- 14. What is the significance of the Freedom Charter?
A) It was a military strategy.
B) It outlined the vision for a non-racial South Africa.
C) It was a government manifesto.
D) It promoted Apartheid.
- 15. What was the role of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission?
A) To enforce new laws
B) To promote Apartheid policies
C) To address past human rights abuses
D) To choose a new president
- 16. How did the international community respond to Apartheid?
A) Trade agreements
B) Military intervention
C) Complete support for the government
D) Boycotts and sanctions against South Africa
- 17. What was the purpose of the Bantu Education Act?
A) To provide inferior education for black South Africans
B) To promote technical training
C) To equalize education for all
D) To eliminate educational disparities
- 18. What was the significance of the Rivonia Trial?
A) It focused on economic issues.
B) It resulted in the end of Apartheid.
C) It led to Nelson Mandela's imprisonment.
D) It was a diplomatic meeting.
- 19. What does 'Apartheid' literally translate to?
A) Freedom
B) Division
C) Apartness
D) Unity
- 20. What was the primary method of resistance employed by many anti-Apartheid activists?
A) Coup d'état
B) Election campaigning
C) Armament
D) Civil disobedience
- 21. In what decade did Apartheid officially end?
A) 1970s
B) 1980s
C) 1990s
D) 2000s
- 22. What year did Nelson Mandela win the Nobel Peace Prize?
A) 1990
B) 1993
C) 1996
D) 1989
- 23. In which year did Apartheid officially end?
A) 1990
B) 1994
C) 1996
D) 1989
- 24. What term described the laws enforcing racial classification?
A) Equality laws.
B) Apartheid laws
C) Civil laws.
D) Rights laws.
- 25. What event is commemorated on June 16 in South Africa?
A) Soweto Uprising
B) Day of Reconciliation
C) Freedom Day
D) Sharpeville Massacre
- 26. Which term describes people of mixed race under Apartheid?
A) Indian
B) Black
C) White
D) Coloured
- 27. Which religious leader spoke out against Apartheid and received the Nobel Peace Prize?
A) Desmond Tutu
B) Nelson Mandela
C) Martin Luther King Jr.
D) Mahatma Gandhi
- 28. In what year was the Sharpeville Massacre?
A) 1960
B) 1976
C) 1956
D) 1961
- 29. Who was the first black woman to receive a Nobel Peace Prize?
A) Albertina Sisulu
B) Bishop Desmond Tutu
C) Winnie Mandela
D) Wangari Maathai
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