- 1. Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination enforced by the government of South Africa from 1948 until the early 1990s. The term, which means 'apartness' in Afrikaans, was used to describe the policies aimed at maintaining white minority rule and subjugating the non-white population, particularly Black South Africans. Under apartheid, the country was divided into separate racial groups, with laws that dictated where individuals could live, work, and go to school based on their race. Non-white people were forced to live in designated areas, known as Bantustans or townships, often in impoverished conditions, while privileges and resources were disproportionately allocated to the white population. The apartheid regime used violent repression to silence dissent, leading to widespread protests, international condemnation, and calls for sanctions against the South African government. The struggle against apartheid was marked by the efforts of numerous activists, including Nelson Mandela, who became a symbol of resistance. The system officially ended in 1994 when South Africa held its first democratic elections, leading to Mandela's election as the country's first Black president. The legacy of apartheid continues to affect South Africa today, as the nation grapples with issues of inequality, social justice, and the lasting effects of systemic racism.
In what year did the Apartheid system officially begin?
A) 1976
B) 1934
C) 1948
D) 1960
- 2. Which party was primarily responsible for implementing Apartheid?
A) United Democratic Front
B) African National Congress
C) National Party
D) South African Communist Party
- 3. Who was the prominent leader of the ANC who fought against Apartheid?
A) Nelson Mandela
B) Oliver Tambo
C) Desmond Tutu
D) Walter Sisulu
- 4. What was the name of the act that established classification of race?
A) The Population Registration Act
B) The Bantu Education Act
C) The Native Land Act
D) The Group Areas Act
- 5. Which of the following was prohibited under Apartheid laws?
A) Access to public parks
B) Public schooling for whites
C) Voting for all citizens
D) Interracial marriage
- 6. What year did Nelson Mandela get released from prison?
A) 1992
B) 1994
C) 1989
D) 1990
- 7. Who was the last apartheid-era President of South Africa?
A) Nelson Mandela
B) P.W. Botha
C) F.W. de Klerk
D) Thabo Mbeki
- 8. Which international organization condemned Apartheid?
A) United Nations
B) NATO
C) World Bank
D) G7
- 9. What were 'pass laws'?
A) Traffic regulations
B) Laws protecting wildlife
C) Laws regulating trade
D) Regulations controlling movement of black South Africans
- 10. What happened during the Soweto Uprising of 1976?
A) A peace rally
B) Workers protested for higher wages
C) A march for housing
D) Students protested against Afrikaans in schools
- 11. Which act enforced separate areas for different racial groups?
A) Bantu Education Act
B) Native Labour Regulation Act
C) Population Registration Act
D) Group Areas Act
- 12. Who was Bantu Stephen Biko?
A) A leader of the Black Consciousness Movement
B) A government official
C) An ANC leader
D) A political prisoner
- 13. What was the outcome of the 1994 elections in South Africa?
A) Nelson Mandela became the first black president.
B) No elections were held.
C) Apartheid laws were strengthened.
D) The National Party won again.
- 14. What is the significance of the Freedom Charter?
A) It was a military strategy.
B) It promoted Apartheid.
C) It was a government manifesto.
D) It outlined the vision for a non-racial South Africa.
- 15. What was the role of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission?
A) To choose a new president
B) To promote Apartheid policies
C) To enforce new laws
D) To address past human rights abuses
- 16. How did the international community respond to Apartheid?
A) Trade agreements
B) Boycotts and sanctions against South Africa
C) Military intervention
D) Complete support for the government
- 17. What was the purpose of the Bantu Education Act?
A) To provide inferior education for black South Africans
B) To eliminate educational disparities
C) To equalize education for all
D) To promote technical training
- 18. What was the significance of the Rivonia Trial?
A) It focused on economic issues.
B) It led to Nelson Mandela's imprisonment.
C) It was a diplomatic meeting.
D) It resulted in the end of Apartheid.
- 19. What does 'Apartheid' literally translate to?
A) Unity
B) Division
C) Apartness
D) Freedom
- 20. What was the primary method of resistance employed by many anti-Apartheid activists?
A) Coup d'état
B) Election campaigning
C) Armament
D) Civil disobedience
- 21. In what decade did Apartheid officially end?
A) 2000s
B) 1970s
C) 1980s
D) 1990s
- 22. What year did Nelson Mandela win the Nobel Peace Prize?
A) 1989
B) 1990
C) 1993
D) 1996
- 23. In which year did Apartheid officially end?
A) 1990
B) 1989
C) 1996
D) 1994
- 24. What term described the laws enforcing racial classification?
A) Apartheid laws
B) Equality laws.
C) Civil laws.
D) Rights laws.
- 25. What event is commemorated on June 16 in South Africa?
A) Soweto Uprising
B) Day of Reconciliation
C) Sharpeville Massacre
D) Freedom Day
- 26. Which term describes people of mixed race under Apartheid?
A) Black
B) White
C) Indian
D) Coloured
- 27. Which religious leader spoke out against Apartheid and received the Nobel Peace Prize?
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Nelson Mandela
C) Martin Luther King Jr.
D) Desmond Tutu
- 28. In what year was the Sharpeville Massacre?
A) 1956
B) 1976
C) 1960
D) 1961
- 29. Who was the first black woman to receive a Nobel Peace Prize?
A) Wangari Maathai
B) Winnie Mandela
C) Bishop Desmond Tutu
D) Albertina Sisulu
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