A) Any human behavior B) Any behavior that deviates from social norms C) Any action that is considered immoral D) Any rational human conduct that violates a criminal law and is subject to punishment
A) Any standard or rule regarding what human beings should or should not think, say, or do under given circumstances B) A statistical average C) A legal statute D) A social gathering
A) Legal behavior B) Normal behavior C) Conduct which the people of a group consider so dangerous or embarrassing or irritating that they bring special sanctions to bear against the persons who exhibit it D) Criminal behavior
A) Criminal intent B) Opportunity to commit a crime C) Motive for a crime D) Criminal conduct specifically, intentional or criminally negligent action or inaction that causes harm
A) Opportunity to commit a crime B) A criminal intent or a guilty state of mind C) Criminal conduct D) Instrument used in a crime
A) Forgiveness B) Understanding C) Motive or desire D) Justice
A) The legal system B) The victim's vulnerability C) The time and place of the commission of the crime D) The criminal's background
A) Social norms B) Tools employed by criminals C) Ethical guidelines D) Laws and regulations
A) Crime is a result of personal choices B) Crime is a result of genetic predispositions C) Crime happens when people grow up in neighborhoods with their own values that go against society’s usual rules D) Crime is caused by economic inequality
A) Crime is a result of strong community bonds B) Crime increases in neighborhoods where social institutions like family, school, and community control have broken down C) Crime is a result of strict social control D) Crime decreases in organized communities
A) Crime happens when people cannot achieve society’s goals through legal means, causing pressure or frustration that leads to deviant behavior B) Crime is a result of genetic factors C) Crime is a result of personal choices D) Crime happens when people achieve society’s goals through legal means
A) People become deviant when society labels them negatively, causing the label to shape their identity and future behavior B) Labeling only affects adults C) People become deviant when they resist societal labels D) Labeling has no impact on behavior
A) Crime is a result of societal harmony B) Crime results from power struggles between groups, where dominant groups create laws that control and disadvantage weaker groups C) Crime is a result of individual choices D) Crime results from cooperation between groups
A) Behavior is random B) All behavior, including criminal acts, is learned and shaped by rewards, punishments, and reactions from others C) Behavior is innate D) Behavior is determined by genetics
A) Criminal behavior is not learned B) People learn criminal behavior through genetics C) Criminal behavior is only learned in schools D) People learn criminal behavior through observing, interacting with, and imitating others who already engage in crime
A) People are only influenced by their parents B) People become criminal when isolated from others C) People are born criminal D) People become criminal when exposed to more pro-crime influences than anti-crime influences
A) Criminal behavior is learned through rewards and punishments, combining social learning with psychological conditioning processes B) Criminal behavior is random C) Criminal behavior is learned through genetics D) Criminal behavior is only learned through punishment
A) Offenders are unaware of their actions B) Offenders always reject societal norms C) Offenders learn techniques to justify or excuse wrongdoing, allowing them to drift between lawful and unlawful behavior D) Offenders always obey the law
A) A criminal motive B) A legal defense C) A type of punishment D) An organizing device for categorizing large amounts of information into mutually exclusive categories
A) A serious crime B) An act or omission that is punishable by special laws C) A moral wrong D) A civil dispute
A) A statute enacted by congress, penal in character, which is not an amendment of the Revised Penal Code B) A law that is only applied in certain regions C) A law that applies only to certain people D) A law that is not enforced
A) A minor violation B) A serious crime. This category includes murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery, arson, and so on. A felony is an act or omission that is punishable by the Revised Penal Code C) A traffic violation D) A civil dispute
A) A serious crime B) A federal offense C) A moral wrong D) An act that is in violation of a simple rule or regulation, a minor violation of the law. It usually refers to those committed by minor offenders such as violations of city or municipal ordinances
A) Financial fraud B) Offenses where violence was applied. They are also called acts or crimes against persons C) Traffic violations D) Public disturbances
A) To seek revenge B) Political reasons C) To express anger D) To bring financial gain to the offender
A) Crimes that have no victims B) Crimes that benefit the public C) Crimes committed in private D) Unlawful acts that interfere with the normal operation of society and the ability of people to function efficiently
A) Wrong because it is prohibited B) Neutral act C) Good in itself D) Evil in itself
A) Socially acceptable B) Morally right C) Wrong because it is prohibited D) Evil in itself
A) Those committed by persons of respectability and of upper socio-economic class in the course of their occupational activities; also referred to as corporate or occupational crime B) Crimes committed against corporations C) Crimes committed in the workplace D) Crimes committed by unskilled workers
A) Those committed by ordinary professional criminals to maintain their livelihood B) Crimes committed in factories C) Crimes committed by police officers D) Crimes committed by white-collar workers
A) Crimes committed by robots B) Crimes committed by accident C) Crimes committed by animals D) Crimes committed by merely duplicating what was done by others; based on the
A) Crimes committed for political reasons B) Crimes committed for money C) Crimes committed without thinking D) Those committed at the height of great emotions
A) Crimes committed by doctors B) Crimes committed in the military C) Crimes committed through rendition of service to satisfy desire of another D) Crimes committed by government employees
A) A crime against the environment B) A crime against property C) A crime committed by a government through mass destruction or annihilation of human populations D) A crime against animals
A) Crimes that are only committed by tourists B) Violations of law that involve more than one country in their planning, execution, e.g. drug trafficking, human trafficking C) Crimes that occur within a single country D) Crimes that are legal in some countries
A) Crimes committed against people B) Crimes committed in national parks C) Crimes committed for environmental activism D) Acts that breach environmental legislation and cause significant harm or risk to the environment and human health
A) Crimes that involve computers and networks B) Crimes committed by corporations C) Crimes committed by government officials D) Crimes committed in physical spaces
A) Crimes committed during elections B) Criminal activities for ideological purposes; also serious violations of laws that threaten the security or existence of the government C) Crimes committed in political rallies D) Crimes committed by politicians
A) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully B) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain C) They commit crimes due to impulses of the moment, fit of passion, anger, or spell of extreme jealousy D) Criminals who are mentally ill
A) Criminals who commit crimes due to drug addiction B) Criminals who commit crimes due to mental illness C) Criminals who commit crimes impulsively D) They are those who acted in consonance with deliberate thinking
A) Criminals who are mentally ill B) Their psychic conditions resemble that of a normal individual, except that they identify themselves with criminal prototypes C) Criminals who are highly intelligent D) Criminals who are highly skilled
A) Criminals who are highly organized B) Criminals who are highly skilled C) Criminals who commit complex crimes D) Considered to be the lowest form in the criminal career, ordinary criminals engage only in conventional crimes that require limited skill. They lack organization to help them avoid arrest and conviction
A) Criminals who commit crimes randomly B) Criminals who are mentally unstable C) Criminals who are easily caught D) They have high degree of organization to enable them to commit crimes without being detected
A) Criminals who are mentally ill B) Criminals who are easily caught C) They are highly skilled and able to obtain considerable amount of money without being detected due to organization and contact with professional criminals. They are always able to escape conviction, and they specialize in crimes that require skills D) Criminals who are amateurs
A) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain B) They commit criminal acts as a result of unanticipated circumstances C) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully D) Criminals who commit crimes intentionally
A) Criminals who commit crimes randomly B) Criminals who are always criminal C) They are not actually criminals but commit crimes due to a given situation; sometimes their criminal activities are intermixed with legitimate activities D) Criminals who commit crimes for fun
A) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons B) Criminals who commit crimes rarely C) Criminals who commit crimes only once D) They continue to commit criminal acts for diverse reasons due to deficiency of intelligence and lack of self-control
A) They commit crimes in impulsive manner usually due to their aggressive behavior, as shown in crimes of passion, resentment, or revenge B) Criminals who commit crimes calmly C) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain D) Criminals who are passive
A) Criminals who commit crimes independently B) They commit crimes because they are pushed to inducement, reward, or promise without considering do it, by the consequences. For this, they are called "ulukan." C) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons D) Criminals who are aggressive
A) They are normal in their behavior but mere inadequate and defective in their socialization process B) Criminals who are isolated from society C) Criminals D) Criminals who reject social norms
A) Specific Deterrence B) Rehabilitation C) Retribution D) General Deterrence
A) Raffaele Garofalo E. B) Enrico Ferri C) Jeremy Bentham D) Cesare Lombroso
A) Labeling Theory B) Social Control Theory C) Strain Theory D) Broken Windows Theory
A) Rational Choice Theory B) Anomie Theory C) Differential Association Theory D) Routine Activities Theory
A) Anomie B) Symbiosis C) Somatotyping D) Atavism
A) A Capable Guardian B) A Suitable Target C) Social Bond D) A Motivated Offender
A) Restorative Justice B) Secondary Victimization C) Victim Compensation D) Victim Blaming
A) Blue-collar Crime B) White-collar Crime C) Violent Crime D) Victimless Crime
A) Victim with Minor Guilt B) Victim as Guilty as Offender C) Victim more Guilty than Offender D) Completely Innocent Victim
A) Episodic/Acute Crime B) Chronic Crime C) Professional Crime D) A person commits a crime not because they planned to, but because they were overwhelmed by a sudden, intense heat of passion or extreme provocation. This is categorized as
A) Neo-Classical School B) Positivist School C) Chicago School D) AClassical School
A) Positivist School B) Neo-Classical School C) Classical School D) Italian School
A) Victimogenesis B) Criminogenesis C) Criminal Evolution D) Penology
A) William Sheldon B) Robert Merton C) Emile Durkheim D) Sigmund Freud
A) Secondary Deviance B) Social Stigma C) Tertiary Deviance D) Primary Deviance
A) Uses chemistry to analyze blood B) Studies crime as a social phenomenon C) Only focuses on the laws written in books D) Is applicable only in specific countries.
A) Stable B) Absolute C) Dynamic D) Nationalistic
A) Penology B) Sociology of Law C) Criminal Etiology D) Victimology
A) Social Disorganization Theory B) Choice Theory C) Biological Theory D) Strain Theory
A) Dark Figure of Crime B) Index Crimes C) Recidivism D) Crime Rate
A) Mens Rea B) Actus Reus C) Mala In Se D) Modus Operandi
A) Misdemeanor B) Mala Prohibita C) Felony D) Mala In Se
A) Corpus Delicti B) Actus Reus C) Mens Rea D) Doli Incapax
A) Criminology B) Penology C) Sociology D) Criminalistics
A) All of the above B) Rational Choice Theory C) Pleasure-Pain Principle (Hedonism) D) Free Will Doctrine
A) Ritualism B) Innovation C) Retreatism D) Conformity
A) Differential Association B) Labeling Theory C) Focal Concerns of the Lower Class D) Social Bond Theory
A) Classical Strain Theory B) General Strain Theory (Agnew) C) Rational Choice Theory D) Neutralization Theory
A) Social Control/Bond Theory B) Self-Fulfilling Prophecy C) Life Course Theory D) Social Learning Theory
A) Attachment B) Involvement C) Belief D) Commitment
A) Psychopathy/Antisocial Personality Disorder B) Paranoia C) Schizophrenia D) Neuroticism
A) Ego B) Alter-Ego C) Id D) Superego
A) Biochemical Theory B) Evolutionary Criminology C) Social Ecology D) Psychological Positivism
A) bservational Learning (Modeling) B) Operant Conditioning C) Genetic Predisposition D) Cognitive Dissonance
A) Id B) Ego C) Preconscious D) Superego
A) Denial of Injury B) Denial of Responsibility C) Condemnation of Condemners D) Denial of Victim
A) Radical Non-intervention B) Diversion C) The Dramatization of Evil D) Decriminalization
A) Initial acts of norm violation that have very little influence on the self-concept B) Crime that is inherently evil. C) . Deviance that occurs after a person accepts a criminal label. D) Crime committed by high-ranking officials.
A) Incapacitation B) Deterrence C) Diversion D) Retribution
A) Zone I: Central Business District B) Zone III: Workingmen’s Homes C) Zone II: Zone in Transition D) Zone IV: Residential Zone
A) July B) October C) December D) January
A) Childhood (5-10) B) Middle Age (40-50) C) B. Late Adolescence/Young Adulthood (15-24) D) Senior Years (65+)
A) Littering B) Robbery C) Vagrancy D) Gambling
A) It captures the "Dark Figure of Crime" B) It is more official than police records. C) It only counts crimes that lead to a conviction. D) It is always 100% honest
A) Duress/Compulsion B) Insanity C) Self-defense D) Alibi
A) Anomie B) Atavism C) Stigma D) Anomie
A) Presumption of Innocence B) Due Process C) Habeas Corpus D) Equal Protection
A) Ex Post Facto Law B) Bill of Attainder C) Writ of Amparo D) Blue Law
A) Denial of Injury B) Appeal to Higher Loyalties C) Denial of Victim D) Denial of Responsibility
A) The concept of democracy. B) The cruel and arbitrary justice of the 18th century C) Scientific research D) The use of prisons. |