Galaxy formation and evolution
- 1. Galaxy formation and evolution is the process through which galaxies, vast collections of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter, are created and change over time. The universe began with the Big Bang roughly 13.8 billion years ago, and over time, gravity caused matter to clump together, eventually forming structures like galaxies. Galaxies can have different shapes, sizes, and compositions, and their evolution is influenced by factors such as mergers with other galaxies, interactions with their environment, and the formation of new stars. Studying galaxy formation and evolution can provide insights into the history and fate of the universe, as well as the underlying processes that drive cosmic evolution.
What is the primary force responsible for galaxy formation?
A) Weak nuclear force
B) Strong nuclear force
C) Electromagnetic force
D) Gravity
- 2. What is the term for a galaxy with a high rate of star formation and high amounts of dust and gas?
A) Elliptical galaxy
B) Irregular galaxy
C) Starburst galaxy
D) Spiral galaxy
- 3. Identify the galaxy type that has a flattened disk shape with spiral arms.
A) Elliptical galaxy
B) Spiral galaxy
C) Barred spiral galaxy
D) Lenticular galaxy
- 4. Which phenomenon suggests the presence of dark matter in galaxies based on the observed rotation curves of stars within them?
A) Barred structures
B) Spiral arms
C) Flat rotation curves
D) Elliptical orbits
- 5. What is the name for a galaxy that contains a prominent central bulge and no spiral arms?
A) Irregular galaxy
B) Barred spiral galaxy
C) Elliptical galaxy
D) Spiral galaxy
- 6. What is the name for a galaxy that lacks a defined shape or structure?
A) Elliptical galaxy
B) Spiral galaxy
C) Irregular galaxy
D) Lenticular galaxy
- 7. Which galaxy type is considered a transitional form between spiral and elliptical galaxies and lacks distinct spiral arms?
A) Irregular galaxy
B) Barred spiral galaxy
C) Lenticular galaxy
D) Elliptical galaxy
- 8. What is the term for a group of galaxies held together by gravity?
A) Galaxy alliance
B) Galaxy congregation
C) Galaxy society
D) Galaxy cluster
- 9. What is thought to be the dominant form of matter in galaxies that does not emit light or energy?
A) Black holes
B) Dark energy
C) Neutrinos
D) Dark matter
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