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Grand Teton National Park
Contributed by: Elliott
  • 1. Who are credited with the first substantiated ascent of Grand Teton?
A) William O. Owen, Frank Petersen, John Shive, and Franklin Spencer Spalding
B) Glenn Exum and Paul Petzoldt
C) Nathaniel P. Langford and James Stevenson
D) Albert R. Ellingwood and his group
  • 2. In what year did William O. Owen, Frank Petersen, John Shive, and Franklin Spencer Spalding first ascend Grand Teton?
A) 1872
B) 1931
C) 1923
D) 1898
  • 3. What structure did Nathaniel P. Langford and James Stevenson find during their attempt to summit Grand Teton?
A) Upper Saddle
B) Owen-Spalding route
C) The Enclosure
D) Death Canyon
  • 4. Where is The Enclosure located in relation to the summit of Grand Teton?
A) In Death Canyon
B) On the northeast ridge
C) At the summit itself
D) About 530 ft below the summit near the Upper Saddle
  • 5. What was William O. Owen's role in the controversy over the first ascent of Grand Teton?
A) He discredited claims by Langford and Stevenson after his own successful ascent
B) He claimed to have reached beyond The Enclosure with Langford and Stevenson
C) He was one of the climbers who first climbed Middle and South Teton
D) He founded Exum Mountain Guides
  • 6. Who were the first climbers to ascend both Middle and South Teton?
A) A group led by Albert R. Ellingwood
B) Fritiof Fryxell and others
C) William O. Owen, Frank Petersen, John Shive, and Franklin Spencer Spalding
D) Glenn Exum and Paul Petzoldt
  • 7. On what date were Middle and South Teton first climbed?
A) 1872
B) 1931
C) August 11, 1898
D) August 29, 1923
  • 8. Which climbing route on Grand Teton is known as the Owen-Spalding route?
A) A route explored in Death Canyon
B) The northeast ridge established in 1931
C) A route first climbed by Albert R. Ellingwood
D) The classic climb pioneered by Owen and Spalding
  • 9. What is the Yosemite Decimal System rating for the Owen-Spalding route?
A) Above 5.9
B) 6.5
C) 5.4
D) 7.0
  • 10. Who was known for using gymnastic chalk while climbing in the Tetons?
A) Albert R. Ellingwood
B) Glenn Exum
C) William O. Owen
D) John Gill
  • 11. What did John Gill contribute to rock climbing in the Tetons?
A) He pioneered the Owen-Spalding route
B) He established the Exum Mountain Guides
C) He was the first known climber to use gymnastic chalk for better handholds and dry hands
D) He climbed Mount Moran in 1922
  • 12. By the mid-1990s, how many climbing routes had been documented in Grand Teton National Park?
A) 200 climbing routes
B) 50 climbing routes
C) A dozen climbing routes
D) 800 different climbing routes
  • 13. Which peak was first climbed by Fritiof Fryxell and others in 1930?
A) Middle Teton
B) Grand Teton
C) Mount Owen
D) South Teton
  • 14. Who founded the Exum Mountain Guides in 1931?
A) Albert R. Ellingwood
B) William O. Owen and Franklin Spencer Spalding
C) Glenn Exum and Paul Petzoldt
D) Nathaniel P. Langford and James Stevenson
  • 15. What was established on the northeast ridge of Grand Teton in 1931?
A) The first ascent of Mount Owen
B) The Enclosure
C) Death Canyon exploration
D) A climbing route by Glenn Exum
  • 16. Which peak was climbed by Albert R. Ellingwood's group on August 29, 1923?
A) Mount Moran
B) Mount Owen
C) Grand Teton
D) Middle and South Teton
  • 17. What was the focus of explorers during the last 25 years of the 19th century in the Teton Range?
A) Founding mountain guide companies
B) Documenting Native American relics
C) Claiming first ascents of the peaks
D) Establishing climbing routes
  • 18. What is the greatest controversy in the history of American mountaineering according to the text?
A) The establishment of climbing routes on Mount Moran
B) The disagreement over which party first reached the top of Grand Teton
C) The exploration of Death Canyon
D) The founding of Exum Mountain Guides
  • 19. Who hired John Colter to lead fur trappers and explore the Yellowstone River region?
A) Donald Mackenzie
B) Manuel Lisa
C) William Clark
D) Jedediah Smith
  • 20. What was John Colter's primary purpose in the Jackson Hole region?
A) Profitable fur trapping
B) Agriculture
C) Settlement building
D) Map making
  • 21. Which treaty secured American sovereignty over the North American fur trade region?
A) Treaty of Paris
B) Jay's Treaty
C) Treaty of Ghent
D) The Oregon Treaty in 1846
  • 22. Who led the British North West Company party that entered Jackson Hole from the west?
A) David Edward Jackson
B) William Sublette
C) Donald Mackenzie
D) Manuel Lisa
  • 23. What name did French-speaking trappers give to the Teton Range?
A) Pilot Knobs
B) Sublette's Peaks
C) Grand Tetons
D) Les trois tétons (the three breasts)
  • 24. Which company included Jedediah Smith, William Sublette, and David Edward Jackson?
A) The Rocky Mountain Fur Company
B) Astorians' Expedition
C) Lewis and Clark Expedition
D) British North West Company
  • 25. When did American fur trading companies generally fold due to declining demand for beaver furs?
A) 1826
B) Around 1840
C) 1808
D) 1860
  • 26. Who oversaw the Rocky Mountain Fur Company's trapping operations in the Teton region between 1826 and 1830?
A) David Edward Jackson or 'Davey Jackson'
B) Donald Mackenzie
C) William Clark
D) Manuel Lisa
  • 27. What was the original name given by earlier parties to the most prominent peaks of the Teton Range?
A) The Pilot Knobs
B) Grand Tetons
C) Les trois tétons
D) Sublette's Peaks
  • 28. In which U.S. state is Grand Teton National Park located?
A) Northwestern Wyoming
B) Eastern Idaho
C) Northern Utah
D) Southwestern Montana
  • 29. Approximately how many acres does Grand Teton National Park cover?
A) 310,000 acres
B) 500,000 acres
C) 200,000 acres
D) 400,000 acres
  • 30. What is the length of the Teton Range within Grand Teton National Park?
A) 30 miles long
B) 60 miles long
C) 50 miles long
D) 40 miles long
  • 31. Which national park is located 10 miles north of Grand Teton National Park?
A) Rocky Mountain National Park
B) Yellowstone National Park
C) Glacier National Park
D) Yosemite National Park
  • 32. How far back does human history in the Grand Teton region date?
A) 20,000 years
B) 5,000 years
C) At least 11,000 years
D) 15,000 years
  • 33. Which indigenous people did the first European colonizers encounter in the early 19th century?
A) Apache people
B) Sioux people
C) Navajo people
D) Eastern Shoshone people
  • 34. When was Grand Teton National Park officially established?
A) 1929
B) 1943
C) 1950
D) 1916
  • 35. What is the height of Grand Teton, the tallest mountain in the range?
A) 14,500 feet
B) 13,775 feet
C) 11,500 feet
D) 12,000 feet
  • 36. How much does Grand Teton rise above Jackson Hole?
A) 5,000 feet
B) 8,000 feet
C) More than 7,000 feet
D) 6,500 feet
  • 37. What is the length of Jackson Lake?
A) 15 miles long
B) 10 miles long
C) 20 miles long
D) 25 miles long
  • 38. How many small glaciers persist in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Fifty
B) Twenty
C) A dozen
D) None
  • 39. What is the age of some rocks found in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Nearly 2.7 billion years
B) 1 billion years
C) 500 million years
D) 3 billion years
  • 40. How many species of vascular plants are found in the park?
A) 500
B) 800
C) 200
D) More than 1,000
  • 41. What type of trout is Grand Teton known for fishing?
A) Brown trout
B) Snake River fine-spotted cutthroat trout
C) Brook trout
D) Rainbow trout
  • 42. What is one of the primary recreational activities at Grand Teton National Park?
A) Skiing
B) Mountaineering
C) Snowboarding
D) Surfing
  • 43. What type of tools associated with the Clovis culture have been found in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Stone axes
B) Bone needles
C) Wooden spears
D) Obsidian spear points
  • 44. Where was the Wind River Indian Reservation established in relation to Jackson Hole?
A) Adjacent to Grand Teton National Park
B) 100 mi (160 km) southeast
C) West of Yellowstone
D) Directly north
  • 45. Who selected the land for the Wind River Indian Reservation?
A) President Abraham Lincoln
B) Colonel Fremont
C) General Custer
D) Chief Washakie
  • 46. Which mountain man guided the 1859–60 Raynolds Expedition?
A) Horace Albright
B) William Henry Jackson
C) John D. Rockefeller Jr.
D) Jim Bridger
  • 47. Who led the well-funded Hayden Geological Survey of 1871?
A) James Stevenson
B) William F. Raynolds
C) F. V. Hayden
D) Jim Bridger
  • 48. When was Menor's Ferry built near present-day Moose, Wyoming?
A) 1892
B) 1911
C) 1884
D) 1907
  • 49. Which U.S. President signed the executive order establishing Grand Teton National Park?
A) Franklin Roosevelt
B) Theodore Roosevelt
C) Harry S. Truman
D) Calvin Coolidge
  • 50. When was the Laurance S. Rockefeller Preserve dedicated?
A) November 2007
B) 1943
C) June 21, 2008
D) February 26, 1929
  • 51. Which act did President Franklin Roosevelt use to establish Jackson Hole National Monument?
A) National Park Service Act
B) Antiquities Act
C) Reclamation Act
D) Conservation Act
  • 52. Who was the Secretary of the Interior that advised President Roosevelt on using the Antiquities Act?
A) Calvin Coolidge
B) Franklin Roosevelt
C) Horace Albright
D) Harold L. Ickes
  • 53. Which year saw the combination of Jackson Hole National Monument and Grand Teton National Park?
A) 1943
B) 1950
C) 1972
D) 1929
  • 54. Which of the following is NOT a service provided by concession contracts in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Dude ranching
B) Mountaineering guides
C) Lodging
D) Skiing lessons
  • 55. How many seasonal employees does Grand Teton National Park have on average?
A) 200
B) 100
C) 180
D) 150
  • 56. Which of the following is a restriction for pilots at Jackson Hole Airport?
A) No restrictions on night flights
B) Overnight parking restrictions
C) Night flight curfews
D) Mandatory helicopter landings
  • 57. As of 2010, how many privately owned property inholdings were located within Grand Teton National Park?
A) 200
B) 50
C) 75
D) 110
  • 58. What was the goal for raising funds to acquire private inholdings by 2016?
A) $10 million
B) $15 million
C) $20 million
D) $5 million
  • 59. Which parcel was purchased and transferred to Grand Teton National Park in December 2016?
A) Moulton Ranch Cabins
B) Antelope Flats Parcel
C) Granite Canyon Parcel
D) Kelly Parcel
  • 60. How much was the purchase price for the Antelope Flats Parcel?
A) $30 million
B) $10 million
C) $23 million
D) $46 million
  • 61. When was Moulton Ranch Cabins sold to the Grand Teton National Park Foundation?
A) 2016
B) 2020
C) 2018
D) 2024
  • 62. In what year did the National Park Service acquire a 35-acre parcel near Granite Canyon Entrance Station?
A) 2020
B) 2018
C) 2016
D) 2024
  • 63. What is located at the mouth of the Gros Ventre River Valley related to Grand Teton National Park?
A) Granite Canyon Parcel
B) The Kelly Parcel
C) Antelope Flats Parcel
D) Moulton Ranch Cabins
  • 64. Who covered the higher sale price demanded by Wyoming legislators for the Kelly Parcel?
A) Private donors
B) The National Park Service
C) The state of Wyoming
D) Charitable organizations
  • 65. Which wilderness lies along the western boundary of Grand Teton National Park?
A) Teton Wilderness
B) National Elk Refuge
C) Jedediah Smith Wilderness
D) Gros Ventre Wilderness
  • 66. What geological process led to the formation of kettles in Jackson Hole?
A) Kettles were formed when ice under gravel outwash from ice sheets melted as glaciers retreated.
B) They were created by volcanic activity beneath the valley.
C) Kettles are a result of erosion by the Snake River.
D) The kettles formed due to sedimentary layering.
  • 67. Which lake is located at an elevation of 9,035 ft (2,754 m)?
A) Lake Solitude
B) Two Ocean Lake
C) Emma Matilda Lake
D) Jackson Lake
  • 68. Which waterfall in the park is noted for being easily accessible?
A) Teton Falls
B) Hidden Falls
C) Cascade Falls
D) Buffalo Fork Falls
  • 69. Which river is a major tributary that flows into the Snake River near Moran?
A) Buffalo Fork
B) Jackson River
C) Pacific Creek
D) Gros Ventre River
  • 70. Which lake is ice-clogged for much of the year?
A) Leigh Lake
B) Phelps Lake
C) Jackson Lake
D) Icefloe Lake
  • 71. Which period of glaciation ended roughly 15,000 years ago?
A) Pinedale glaciation
B) Bull Lake glaciation
C) Little Ice Age
D) Buffalo Glaciation
  • 72. What global event is the heavy glaciation of the Teton Range associated with?
A) Holocene epoch
B) Cenozoic era
C) Quaternary glaciation
D) Pleistocene epoch
  • 73. What type of valleys were formed by glacial activity in the Teton Range?
A) Circular valleys
B) U-shaped valleys
C) V-shaped valleys
D) Oval-shaped valleys
  • 74. During which eon were the oldest rocks in Grand Teton National Park formed?
A) Proterozoic Eon
B) Mesozoic Era
C) Archean Eon
D) Paleozoic Era
  • 75. What type of rocks intruded the metamorphic rocks 2,545 million years ago in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Limestone
B) Coal seams
C) Sedimentary sandstone and shale
D) Igneous granitic rocks
  • 76. What type of rocks left dikes visible on the east face of Mount Moran and Middle Teton?
A) Dolomite
B) Limestone
C) Coal seams
D) Diabase rocks
  • 77. Which sedimentary formation continues to cap Mount Moran?
A) Pegmatite intrusions
B) Amphibolites
C) Flathead Formation sandstone
D) Bentonite deposits
  • 78. What geological event occurred just east of Grand Teton National Park in 1925?
A) The Gros Ventre landslide
B) Deposition of bentonite
C) A volcanic eruption
D) Formation of Teewinot Lake
  • 79. Which tree is most common on the valley floor of Grand Teton National Park?
A) Lodgepole pine
B) Subalpine fir
C) Engelmann spruce
D) Whitebark pine
  • 80. What is an ecotone in the context of Grand Teton National Park?
A) An area with no plant life
B) Where various ecological niches overlap
C) A type of tree found in the park
D) A zone exclusively for wildlife
  • 81. Which mammal species was reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park before migrating into Grand Teton National Park?
A) American black bear
B) Coyote
C) Grizzly bear
D) Gray wolf
  • 82. How many species of mammals have been recorded in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Eighty
B) Seventy-five
C) Fifty
D) Sixty-one
  • 83. Which bird is the smallest species found in mainland North America and has been sighted in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Bald eagle
B) American wigeon
C) Trumpeter swan
D) Calliope hummingbird
  • 84. What is the largest waterfowl species found in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Trumpeter swan
B) Blue-winged teal
C) American wigeon
D) Harlequin duck
  • 85. Which mammal is the fastest land animal in the western hemisphere found in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Bison
B) Pronghorn
C) Elk
D) Coyote
  • 86. Which amphibian species was introduced to Grand Teton National Park?
A) Columbia spotted frog
B) Bullfrog
C) Northern leopard frog
D) Tiger salamander
  • 87. Which bird of prey is most commonly reported in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Red-tailed hawk
B) Peregrine falcon
C) Osprey
D) Great horned owl
  • 88. Which ungulate tends to stay near waterways and wetlands in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Moose
B) Bison
C) Pronghorn
D) Elk
  • 89. How many species of bats are found in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Eight
B) Four
C) Six
D) Ten
  • 90. Which mammal is known to consume roughly 20,000 kcal/day from Army cutworm moths in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Bears
B) Grizzly bears
C) American black bears
D) Coyotes
  • 91. Which bird is occasionally spotted in Cascade Canyon within Grand Teton National Park?
A) Bald eagle
B) Harlequin duck
C) Common merganser
D) American wigeon
  • 92. Which mammal species are most commonly seen in Grand Teton National Park?
A) Bison
B) Moose
C) Pronghorn
D) Elk
  • 93. What is a common result of lower severity surface fires on Lodgepole Pine?
A) Complete destruction of seeds.
B) No impact on seed germination.
C) Decreased species diversity.
D) Higher post-wildfire regeneration.
  • 94. In which year was the first air quality monitoring station established in Grand Teton National Park?
A) 2005
B) 2002
C) 1999
D) 2011
  • 95. What type of climate does Grand Teton National Park have according to the Köppen climate classification system?
A) Mediterranean climate
B) Humid continental climate (Dfb)
C) Tropical rainforest climate
D) Arid desert climate
  • 96. How many distinct routes lead to the summit of Grand Teton?
A) 12
B) 50
C) 38
D) 24
  • 97. What is required for climbers planning an overnight stay in the backcountry of Grand Teton National Park?
A) No special requirements.
B) Voluntary registration only
C) A permit.
D) A guide from Exum Mountain Guides
  • 98. How many campsites are available at the Lizard Creek campground?
A) 60
B) 350
C) 86
D) 49
  • 99. What type of camping is permitted at Colter Bay near the visitor center during winter?
A) Backcountry camping
B) Primitive winter camping
C) Front-country camping
D) Vehicle camping
  • 100. Where are horses and pack animals permitted in the park?
A) On vehicle roadways only
B) Almost all trails, with specific backcountry camping locations
C) Exclusively in front-country campgrounds
D) Only on paved pathways
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