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Law of war - Quiz
Contributed by: Stewart
  • 1. What is considered the golden age of the jus in bello?
A) The era of the Napoleonic Wars
B) The three centuries following the Thirty Years War
C) The period following the Cold War
D) The decade following the American Civil War
  • 2. Which early modern thinker is credited with helping develop the modern law of nations?
A) Grotius
B) Nicholas II
C) Bolívar
D) Lieber
  • 3. How were conflicts characterized in Europe during the golden age of the jus in bello?
A) Guerrilla insurgencies
B) Civil conflicts involving peasant militias
C) Total wars of annihilation
D) Set piece battles between professional armies
  • 4. What treaty signed in 1820 is cited as a precursor to International Humanitarian Law?
A) Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
B) Treaty of Armistice and Regularization of War
C) Geneva Red Cross Convention
D) Treaty of Westphalia
  • 5. Who signed the Treaty of Armistice and Regularization of War in 1820?
A) The United States and Mexico
B) Tsar Nicholas II and Abraham Lincoln
C) Grotius and an unnamed Spanish official
D) Simón Bolívar and Pablo Morillo
  • 6. Which 1848 treaty included rules for the protection of civilians and treatment of prisoners of war?
A) Hague Convention
B) Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
C) Treaty of Armistice and Regularization of War
D) Geneva Convention
  • 7. What was the significance of the Lieber Code?
A) It was critical in the development of laws of land warfare
B) It officially ended the American Civil War
C) It established the Red Cross
D) It abolished the use of prisoners of war
  • 8. What did people hope would replace war as a means of dispute settlement in the 19th century?
A) Economic sanctions
B) Military alliances
C) Direct diplomatic negotiation
D) International adjudication and arbitration
  • 9. What did the 1864 Geneva Red Cross Convention protect?
A) Naval vessels
B) Captured military commanders
C) Hospital and ambulance crews
D) Civilians in occupied territories
  • 10. Who called for the first Hague Peace Conference in 1899?
A) Geoffrey Best
B) Tsar Nicholas II
C) Simón Bolívar
D) Pablo Morillo
  • 11. What did Tsar Nicholas II hope to achieve by convening the first Hague Peace Conference?
A) To end the progressive development of armaments
B) To declare war on neighboring empires
C) To ban all military uniforms
D) To establish a new global currency
  • 12. According to Geoffrey Best, when was the 'epoch of highest repute' for the law of war?
A) 1914 to 1945
B) 1648 to 1748
C) 1856 to 1909
D) 1800 to 1820
  • 13. What replaced religion, chivalry, and customs as the basis for the law of war during the modern era?
A) Unilateral executive decrees
B) A positive legal or legislative foundation
C) Divine right theory
D) Scientific consensus
  • 14. What served as the positive mechanism for codification in the modern era?
A) Chivalric codes
B) Religious scriptures
C) Oral tradition
D) Multilateral treaty
  • 15. Which early Caliph laid down rules for the battlefield in the 7th century?
A) Abu Bakr
B) Uthman
C) Umar
D) Ali
  • 16. According to Abu Bakr, what should be done with dead bodies on the battlefield?
A) Do not mutilate them
B) Return them to the enemy
C) Bury them immediately
D) Burn them
  • 17. Under what condition could the enemy's flock be slain according to Abu Bakr?
A) Never under any circumstances
B) Only for food
C) To weaken the enemy's economy
D) If they are in the way of the army
  • 18. How did Abu Bakr instruct his soldiers to treat people devoted to monastic services?
A) Leave them alone
B) Use their facilities as bases
C) Take them as prisoners
D) Force them to convert
  • 19. What was the early stance of many Christian writers regarding military service?
A) Christians only fought defensive wars
B) Christians were required to lead armies
C) Christians were encouraged to fight
D) Christians could not be soldiers
  • 20. Aside from chivalry, what institution promulgated teachings on just war in medieval Europe?
A) The Holy Roman Empire
B) Roman Catholic Church
C) Monastic orders
D) The Byzantine Empire
  • 21. Which term refers to the law governing the right to use force?
A) Jus ad bellum
B) Sovereignty
C) Customary law
D) Jus in bello
  • 22. According to the Book of Deuteronomy, which type of tree could be cut down during a siege?
A) Fruitful trees
B) Only oak trees
C) Non-fruitful trees
D) All trees in the vicinity
  • 23. In what year was the Code of Hammurabi created?
A) 1945 A.D.
B) 1750 B.C.
C) 1000 B.C.
D) 500 B.C.
  • 24. Where were many unwritten customary rules of war explored?
A) The Babylonian courts
B) The Nuremberg trials
C) The internal armed conflict hearings
D) The international sovereignty assembly
  • 25. Who is the law of war mandatory for?
A) Only the strong nations
B) All human beings regardless of citizenship
C) Nations bound by appropriate treaties
D) Only the victors of a war
  • 26. What is prohibited under the central principles of the laws of war?
A) Negotiating a peace treaty.
B) Deploying troops to foreign territories.
C) Inflicting unnecessary suffering.
D) Using strategic communication during war.
  • 27. What happens to the laws of war as conflicts change over time?
A) They become irrelevant to the combatants.
B) They change as well.
C) They remain static and unchanging.
D) They are abolished by international courts.
  • 28. Which agreement abolished privateering in 1856?
A) The Hague Convention
B) The Brussels Declaration
C) The St. Petersburg Declaration
D) The Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law
  • 29. Who assembled the Lieber Code for the United States military in 1863?
A) The Nuremberg Tribunal
B) The United Nations
C) Franz Lieber
D) The Institute of International Law
  • 30. Which declaration from 1874 never entered into force?
A) St. Petersburg Declaration
B) London Declaration
C) Paris Declaration
D) Brussels Declaration
  • 31. How many sections were in the 1907 revised Hague Conventions?
A) Thirteen
B) Ten
C) Three
D) Twelve
  • 32. What was another name for the 1928 General Treaty for Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy?
A) Kellogg-Briand Pact
B) Washington Naval Treaty
C) Roerich Pact
D) London Declaration
  • 33. In what year did the United Nations Charter enter into force?
A) 1949
B) 1954
C) 1948
D) 1945
  • 34. In what year did the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court enter into force?
A) 2000
B) 2002
C) 2005
D) 1998
  • 35. What does the 2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions regulate?
A) Nuclear weapons
B) Cluster munitions
C) Chemical weapons
D) Blinding laser weapons
  • 36. When did the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons enter into force?
A) 2021
B) 2017
C) 2008
D) 2010
  • 37. Which set of conventions and protocols is cited as a source for the laws of war?
A) 1955 Paris Accords
B) 1912 Hague Conventions
C) 1949 Geneva Conventions
D) 1990 Vienna Protocols
  • 38. Who wrote the book 'Just and Unjust Wars'?
A) Alex Moseley
B) James Turner Johnson
C) Joel Greenberg
D) Michael Walzer
  • 39. Which author wrote about 'Illegal Targeting of Civilians'?
A) Joel Greenberg
B) Richard Guelff
C) Adam Roberts
D) Luis Moreno-Ocampo
  • 40. Who is associated with the 'OTP letter to senders re Iraq'?
A) A. Lamb
B) Luis Moreno-Ocampo
C) Michael Walzer
D) Alex Moseley
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