A) Whether the universe is infinite in size. B) Whether humans have a biological soul. C) Whether we possess the control over our actions we feel we have. D) Whether society can exist without laws.
A) The medieval scholastic scholars. B) The existentialist thinkers. C) The postmodernist philosophers. D) The early Greek stoics.
A) Scientific proof of quantum mechanics. B) A strong sense of freedom, agency, and self-determination. C) Religious indoctrination in early childhood. D) The absence of physical laws in the universe.
A) The belief that the future is already written. B) The idea that the mind is separate from the body. C) The principle that no physical event has a cause outside the physical domain. D) The theory that actions are random.
A) The view that the future is determined entirely by preceding events. B) The theory that free will is impossible. C) The idea that physical objects have no internal structure. D) The belief that human behavior is entirely unpredictable.
A) The difficulty of defining what an action is. B) The puzzle of reconciling free will with a deterministic universe. C) The debate over whether animals have free will. D) The question of why humans fear death.
A) Because it makes it difficult to decide which laws are ethical. B) Because it suggests that moral values change over time. C) Because it implies that all people are inherently evil. D) Because it raises the question of how to assign responsibility if actions are caused by past events.
A) Free will holds as long as humans are not externally constrained or coerced. B) Free will only exists in non-deterministic universes. C) Free will is a total illusion created by the brain. D) Free will is synonymous with the laws of physics.
A) By separating freedom of will from freedom of action. B) By distinguishing between conscious and subconscious choices. C) By differentiating between moral and legal responsibility. D) By separating physical freedom from spiritual freedom.
A) The ability to make rational decisions. B) The freedom from all biological needs. C) The capacity to predict the future. D) The power to alter the laws of physics.
A) The form of incompatibilism which posits that determinism is false and free will is possible. B) A theory that humans are entirely controlled by their environment. C) The belief that the government should have no control over citizens. D) The idea that all decisions are made randomly.
A) It cannot explain the existence of the physical world. B) It requires that all actions be deterministic. C) It is difficult to assign responsibility for indeterministic choices. D) It relies too heavily on modern physics.
A) Mechanical and digital determinism. B) Logical and theological determinism. C) Environmental and social determinism. D) Economic and political determinism.
A) Biological, cultural, and psychological determinism. B) Historical, geographical, and linguistic determinism. C) Physical, chemical, and nuclear determinism. D) Atomic, subatomic, and molecular determinism.
A) The feeling of freedom is the only reality. B) The feeling that we are free to choose is an illusion. C) The feeling of freedom is irrelevant to human life. D) The feeling of freedom is biologically proven.
A) Prohibition. B) Advice. C) Astrological destiny. D) Deliberation.
A) Classical compatibilism. B) Illusionism. C) Metaphysical libertarianism. D) Hard determinism.
A) Epicurus B) Socrates C) Plato D) Aristotle
A) 1st century CE B) 2nd century BCE C) 4th century BCE D) 3rd century CE
A) libertas voluntatis B) voluntas libera C) arbitrium liberum D) liberum arbitrium
A) 4th century CE B) 1st century CE C) 3rd century CE D) 4th century BCE
A) Biological necessity B) Causal indetermination C) Nothing hindering us D) Divine intervention
A) Causal indetermination B) Lack of external hindrances C) Predestination D) Fixed natural laws
A) Modern empiricism B) Enlightenment philosophy C) Ancient Greek philosophy D) Christian philosophy
A) Only incompatibilists did B) Yes C) Only compatibilists did D) No
A) Robert Kane B) Thomas Reid C) Peter van Inwagen D) d'Holbach
A) d'Holbach B) Carl Ginet C) Daniel Dennett D) Thomas Reid
A) Cogito ergo sum B) Tabula rasa C) Causa sui D) A priori
A) Alex Rosenberg B) David Lewis C) Carl Ginet D) Daniel Dennett
A) Position 1 B) Position 9 C) Position 3 D) Position 2
A) Information theory B) Relativity theory C) Chaos theory D) String theory
A) The Prisoner's Dilemma. B) Schrodinger's cat. C) Laplace's demon. D) The Chinese Room.
A) Probabilistic subatomic particle behavior B) The biological evolution of species C) The steady flow of time D) The predictability of gravitational forces
A) Pre-determined divine causality B) Non-deterministically caused events C) Agent/substance-caused events D) Uncaused events
A) A physical reflex B) A volition C) An external stimulation D) A determined outcome
A) Determined by physical laws B) Self-generating C) Caused by specific intentions D) Determined by beliefs
A) Agent causation theory B) Physicalism C) Causal determinism D) Panpsychism
A) Idealist models B) Dualist models C) Physicalist models D) Functionalist models
A) Substantive volitionism B) Centred accounts C) Efforts of will theory D) Deliberative indeterminism
A) Niels Bohr B) Robert Kane C) Daniel Dennett D) C.S. Lewis
A) Thermodynamics B) Electromagnetism C) Quantum indeterminacy D) Relativity
A) Material monism B) Substance dualism C) Empirical physicalism D) Logical positivism
A) Compatibilist voluntarism B) Interactionalist dualism C) Substance monism D) Physicalist determinism
A) Derk Pereboom B) Galen Strawson C) John Locke D) Immanuel Kant
A) Classical libertarianism B) Hard determinism C) Soft determinism D) Compatibilism
A) Compatibilism B) Hard incompatibilism C) Pessimism D) Incompatibilism
A) Soft determinism B) Classical libertarianism C) Hard incompatibilism D) Pessimism
A) Derk Pereboom B) Galen Strawson C) Classical libertarians D) The author of the text
A) Only in theological contexts B) Interchangeably C) As opposites D) As scientific terms
A) Neither uncaused nor self-caused. B) Often uncaused. C) Often self-caused. D) Both uncaused and self-caused.
A) Predeterminism B) Omniscience C) Logical determinism D) Causal determinism
A) Logical determinism B) Predeterminism C) Theological indeterminism D) Libertarianism
A) Logical determinism B) Predestination C) Biological determinism D) Fatalism
A) Buddhists B) Taoists C) Shintoists D) Calvinists
A) Omniscience B) Fatalism C) Biological determinism D) Logical determinism
A) Fatalistic determinism B) Hard determinism C) Determinateness D) Theological determinism
A) Socrates. B) Karl Marx. C) Boethius. D) Sigmund Freud.
A) The hard problem of logic B) The problem of personal identity C) The problem of induction D) The mind–body problem
A) Chrysippus. B) Plato. C) Marcus Aurelius. D) Epicurus.
A) Freedom Evolves B) The Physical Mind C) Elbow Room D) Newcomb's Paradox
A) The absolute future B) Expectations C) Past decisions D) Divine destiny
A) Sociology B) Neurological sciences C) Mathematics D) Theoretical physics
A) Adrenaline B) Cortisol C) Dopamine D) Serotonin
A) Identity dualism B) Classical incompatibilism C) Cognitive naturalism D) Theological determinism
A) Choosing freely. B) Creating biological cells. C) Storing mechanical energy. D) Governing photosynthesis.
A) Newer compatibilist concepts. B) Purely random chance theories. C) Strictly evolutionist mandates. D) Mathematical nihilism.
A) Darwinism. B) Classical Newtonian gravity. C) Quantum mechanics exclusively. D) Extreme reductionism.
A) Chemical reactions. B) Social conditioning. C) Practical reasons. D) Biological impulses.
A) Only in scientific journals. B) Exclusively in secular philosophy. C) Only in ancient paganism. D) In most religions.
A) Loving one's fate B) Rejecting all forms of destiny C) Embracing pure indeterminism D) Denying the existence of the will
A) Noumenon B) Principle of sufficient reason C) Velleity D) Amor fati
A) Arthur Schopenhauer B) Rudolf Steiner C) William James D) Chrysippus
A) Meliorism B) Stoicism C) Pragmatism D) Incompatibilism
A) Social punishment B) Scientific data C) External influences D) Thoughts
A) Moral B) Motive C) Mobile D) Imagination
A) Moral imagination B) Determinism C) Indeterminism D) Incompatibilism
A) Introspection B) Incompatibilism C) Stoicism D) Meliorism
A) 1739 B) 1780 C) 1750 D) 1720
A) A physical law of nature B) A divine order C) An empirical certainty D) A mental construct
A) Walter Freeman B) David Hume C) John Locke D) Immanuel Kant
A) Moral judgments B) Judgments of sensory perception C) Judgments of material science D) Judgments of fact
A) The abandonment of moral judgment B) Fixed material determination C) Self-organizing dynamics D) Simple neural stimulus-response
A) Twelfth B) Thirteenth C) Fifteenth D) Fourteenth
A) Reject all authority B) Seek certain goals C) Ignore their own intellect D) Avoid all suffering
A) Aristotelian telos B) Platonic idealism C) Stoic indifference D) Socratic method
A) Four B) Six C) Three D) Five
A) Judgment B) Memory C) Habit D) Passion
A) God B) The human soul C) The will itself D) The intellect
A) Idappaccayatā B) Mūlamadhyamakakārikā C) Pratītyasamutpāda D) Pubbekatahetuvada
A) A total agent B) Absolute freedom C) Ignorance D) Divine destiny
A) The Buddha B) Nagarjuna C) The Samkhyists D) The Cārvākans
A) The Nyaya Sutras B) The Vedic scriptures C) The Jain canons D) Mūlamadhyamakakārikā
A) Jacobus Arminius B) Luis de Molina C) John Calvin D) Thomas Aquinas
A) Jacobus Arminius B) Augustine of Hippo C) John Calvin D) Martin Luther
A) Peter B) James C) John D) Paul
A) Thomism B) Molinism C) Arminianism D) Calvinism
A) Vedanta B) Yoga C) Samkhya D) Nyaya
A) Mitzvot B) Bechirah chofshit C) Ishvara D) Kaivalya
A) Fitra B) Jabr C) Qadar D) Adl
A) Ash'ari B) Mu'tazila C) Sufi D) Shia |