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How to Identify and Classify Mushrooms - Test
Contributed by: Crossley
  • 1. What is the primary reproductive structure of a mushroom?
A) Stem
B) Root
C) Spore
D) Leaf
  • 2. The underside of a mushroom cap is often covered with:
A) Scales
B) Roots
C) Bark
D) Gills or pores
  • 3. What is the term for the ring of tissue sometimes found on a mushroom stem?
A) Pileus
B) Stipe
C) Volva
D) Annulus
  • 4. What is the term for the cup-like structure at the base of some mushroom stems?
A) Volva
B) Stipe
C) Pileus
D) Annulus
  • 5. Which of these is NOT a key characteristic to observe for mushroom identification?
A) Stem texture
B) Spore print color
C) Cap shape
D) Root depth
  • 6. What is a spore print?
A) A record of the mushroom's weight
B) A measurement of cap diameter
C) A visual representation of fungal DNA
D) A pattern of spores deposited on a surface
  • 7. Which substrate might indicate a specific mushroom species?
A) Bare soil
B) Concrete
C) Open fields
D) Specific types of wood
  • 8. What is mycelium?
A) The fruiting body of a fungus
B) The scientific name for a mushroom
C) A type of mushroom poison
D) The vegetative part of a fungus
  • 9. What does 'saprophytic' mean in relation to fungi?
A) Growing on rocks
B) Living symbiotically with plants
C) Parasitizing living organisms
D) Decomposing organic matter
  • 10. What does 'mycorrhizal' mean in relation to fungi?
A) Decomposing organic matter
B) Growing only in dry environments
C) Parasitizing living organisms
D) Forming a symbiotic relationship with plant roots
  • 11. Which of these is a common cap shape?
A) Convex
B) Pentagonal
C) Triangular
D) Quadrilateral
  • 12. What is the best way to collect a mushroom for identification?
A) Smash it to release spores
B) Carefully dig it up, preserving the base
C) Cut it off at the stem
D) Pull it straight from the ground
  • 13. What should you do before consuming any wild mushroom?
A) Have it identified by an expert
B) Cook it thoroughly
C) Taste a small piece
D) Smell it carefully
  • 14. What does 'lamellae' refer to?
A) Cap
B) Gills
C) Stem
D) Spores
  • 15. What feature distinguishes boletes from many other mushrooms?
A) Pores instead of gills
B) A bright red cap
C) A slimy texture
D) A strong odor
  • 16. Which chemical can be used to help identify some mushroom species?
A) KOH (Potassium Hydroxide)
B) Sulfuric acid
C) Hydrochloric acid
D) Vinegar
  • 17. What is the term for mushrooms growing in a circular pattern?
A) Fairy ring
B) Mushroom cluster
C) Forest formation
D) Witches' circle
  • 18. What is the function of rhizomorphs?
A) Transporting nutrients
B) Anchoring the mushroom
C) Protecting spores
D) Attracting insects
  • 19. Which is a key indicator of deadly poisonous mushrooms?
A) Bright colors
B) Growing in groups
C) Volva and annulus
D) Pleasant smell
  • 20. What is the 'context' of a mushroom?
A) The spore print color
B) The surrounding environment
C) The mushroom's odor
D) The flesh of the cap and stem
  • 21. What is the primary role of fungi in an ecosystem?
A) Preventing soil erosion
B) Producing oxygen
C) Decomposition and nutrient cycling
D) Providing shelter for animals
  • 22. Which of these is a common type of gill attachment?
A) Fused
B) Free
C) Connected
D) Taped
  • 23. What is the importance of microscopic features in mushroom ID?
A) Determine edibility
B) Indicate spore print color
C) Determine cap size
D) Help to confirm species identity
  • 24. What is the hymenium?
A) The spore-bearing layer
B) The central core of the stem
C) The outer layer of the cap
D) The mycelial network
  • 25. What is a mushroom 'key' used for?
A) Storing mushrooms
B) Cooking mushrooms
C) Growing mushrooms
D) Identifying unknown species
  • 26. Which of these is a good field guide characteristic?
A) A list of poisonous mushrooms only
B) Recipes for mushroom dishes
C) A short glossary
D) Detailed descriptions and illustrations
  • 27. What is the function of cystidia?
A) Sterile cells on hymenium
B) Protective cells on the cap
C) Reproductive cells on the stem
D) Nutrient storage cells
  • 28. What is the best way to store mushrooms after collecting them for ID?
A) In a paper bag
B) In a sealed container
C) In a plastic bag
D) Submerged in water
  • 29. What does deliquescent gills mean?
A) Gills that are very fragile
B) Gills that dissolve into an inky fluid
C) Gills that are tightly packed together
D) Gills that change color when touched
  • 30. What is a sclerotium?
A) A hardened mass of mycelium
B) A poisonous compound found in some mushrooms
C) A type of spore
D) A type of mushroom stem
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