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Cybersecurity - Exam
Contributed by: Porter
  • 1. What does a firewall do in cybersecurity?
A) Monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic
B) Records music
C) Measures temperature
D) Takes photographs
  • 2. What is two-factor authentication in cybersecurity?
A) Verification method using two factors: something you know and something you have
B) Writing two passwords
C) Typing really fast
D) Using two different keyboards
  • 3. What is ransomware in cybersecurity?
A) Software for word processing
B) Software for data backup
C) Malware that encrypts files and demands payment for decryption
D) Software for photo editing
  • 4. What is a good password practice for cybersecurity?
A) Using strong, unique passwords for each account
B) Sharing passwords with friends
C) Reusing the same password
D) Writing passwords on sticky notes
  • 5. Why is regular software patching important for cybersecurity?
A) To organize files
B) To fix security vulnerabilities and bugs
C) To change desktop backgrounds
D) To enhance video streaming quality
  • 6. What is the purpose of SSL certificates in cybersecurity?
A) Repairing electronic devices
B) Sorting documents alphabetically
C) Secure online communication by encrypting data transmitted between a website and a user
D) Creating music playlists
  • 7. What is a vulnerability assessment in cybersecurity?
A) Analyzing weather patterns
B) Process of identifying security weaknesses in a system
C) Planning vacations
D) Finding job opportunities
  • 8. What is a zero-day vulnerability?
A) Security flaw that is unknown to the software vendor
B) Technical support available 24/7
C) Software that has zero bugs
D) Countdown to launch new products
  • 9. Which term is synonymous with computer security?
A) Network security
B) Biometric security
C) Cybersecurity
D) Physical security
  • 10. What does computer security primarily aim to protect against?
A) Hardware upgrades and software updates
B) User interface design flaws
C) Unauthorized information disclosure, theft, or damage
D) Network speed optimization
  • 11. What is an exploitable vulnerability?
A) A vulnerability with at least one working attack or exploit
B) A vulnerability without any known exploits
C) A vulnerability that enhances security
D) A vulnerability that cannot be discovered
  • 12. Who is most likely to be affected by untargeted cyberattacks?
A) Normal internet users
B) Government agencies only
C) Cybersecurity experts exclusively
D) Only large corporations
  • 13. Which type of MITM attack involves hijacking routing protocols?
A) DNS spoofing
B) WiFi SSID spoofing
C) IP address spoofing
D) Message spoofing
  • 14. When did multi-vector polymorphic attacks first surface?
A) 1999
B) 2020
C) 2017
D) 2005
  • 15. Which of the following is NOT a common method used in phishing attacks?
A) Phone call
B) Email spoofing
C) Text message
D) Instant messaging
  • 16. What type of phishing attack uses personal or organization-specific details to appear trustworthy?
A) Spear-phishing
B) Vertical escalation
C) Generic phishing
D) Horizontal escalation
  • 17. What is often used as a starting point in privilege escalation attacks?
A) Sending ransomware to large networks
B) Social engineering techniques, often phishing
C) Exploiting side-channel vulnerabilities
D) Direct hacking of system hardware
  • 18. Which of the following is NOT a form of side-channel attack?
A) Phishing via text message
B) Leveraging hardware implementation faults
C) Analyzing residual effects on RAM cells
D) Exploiting electromagnetic radiation from devices
  • 19. Which type of privilege escalation involves gaining access to higher-level accounts?
A) Horizontal escalation
B) Phishing
C) Spear-phishing
D) Vertical escalation
  • 20. What is an example of tampering involving a physical attack?
A) Evil Maid attacks.
B) SQL injection attacks.
C) Cross-site scripting attacks.
D) Distributed denial-of-service attacks.
  • 21. What percentage of cyber security incidents involved internal actors according to the Verizon Data Breach Investigations Report 2020?
A) 50%
B) 10%
C) 70%
D) 30%
  • 22. Which step in managing information security culture involves setting clear targets and assembling a skilled team?
A) Operative planning
B) Post-evaluation
C) Strategic planning
D) Pre-evaluation
  • 23. How many sections does the UK government's National Cyber Security Centre divide secure cyber design principles into?
A) Ten sections.
B) Three sections.
C) Seven sections.
D) Five sections.
  • 24. What should be the severity of any successful attack on a secure system?
A) Severe enough to cause major disruptions.
B) Maximum impact to test defenses.
C) Minimal severity.
D) Unlimited access for attackers.
  • 25. Which of the following is a preventive measure in computer security?
A) Graphic design software.
B) Firewalls.
C) Word processing applications.
D) Data analysis tools.
  • 26. Which encryption standard is commonly used on USB dongles to enhance security?
A) Triple DES
B) RSA
C) Data Encryption Standard (DES)
D) Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
  • 27. What do Trusted Platform Modules (TPMs) integrate into devices to enhance security?
A) Mobile-enabled access
B) Cryptographic capabilities
C) Intrusion detection systems
D) Drive locks
  • 28. What is considered the most common hardware threat facing computer networks according to Network World?
A) Infected USB dongles connected inside a firewall
B) Trusted Platform Modules
C) Drive locks
D) Mobile-enabled access devices
  • 29. Which technology allows for hardware-based sandboxing of components in computers?
A) TPMs
B) USB dongles
C) Drive locks
D) IOMMUs
  • 30. Which feature of mobile phones enhances security by providing biometric validation?
A) Thumbprint readers
B) Drive locks
C) IOMMUs
D) TPMs
  • 31. Which certification is popular for secure operating systems?
A) Six Sigma
B) Common Criteria (CC)
C) ISO 9001
D) Lean Manufacturing
  • 32. Which security model uses a list of permissions associated with an object?
A) Capability-based security
B) Mandatory access control (MAC)
C) Role-based access control (RBAC)
D) Access control lists (ACLs)
  • 33. What can capability-based security be implemented at?
A) The language level
B) The network level
C) The hardware level
D) The user interface level
  • 34. Which open-source project is associated with capability-based security?
A) Python
B) The E language
C) C++
D) Java
  • 35. Who coined the term 'cyber hygiene'?
A) Steve Jobs
B) Tim Berners-Lee
C) Bill Gates
D) Vint Cerf
  • 36. Which company pushed out security fixes over the air in 2016?
A) UPS
B) Tesla
C) FedEx
D) ICV
  • 37. In the 2015 test, how far away were hackers able to remotely carjack a vehicle?
A) 20 miles away
B) 5 miles away
C) 10 miles away
D) 15 miles away
  • 38. What is a widely known digitally secure telecommunication device?
A) An analog radio.
B) A landline telephone.
C) The SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card.
D) A smartwatch.
  • 39. Which organization does the FBI work with to form a multi-agency task force?
A) National White Collar Crime Center (NW3C)
B) Federal Communications Commission
C) Department of Homeland Security
D) Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
  • 40. What percentage of security incidents is estimated to involve human error?
A) Exactly 100%
B) About 70%
C) More than 90%
D) Less than 50%
  • 41. What technology allows customers to perform online secure transactions using hand-held card readers?
A) Biometric authentication systems
B) Chip Authentication Program
C) Two-factor authentication via SMS
D) Virtual private networks (VPNs)
  • 42. Who created the first internet computer worm in 1988?
A) Adrian Lamo
B) Kevin Mitnick
C) John McAfee
D) Robert Tappan Morris
  • 43. Who organized the foundational session in computer security at the Spring Joint Computer Conference in April 1967?
A) Willis Ware
B) Markus Hess
C) Bob Thomas
D) Ray Tomlinson
  • 44. What percentage of organizations did not increase security training in 2015?
A) 50%
B) 80%
C) 75%
D) 62%
  • 45. Which website was breached by The Impact Team in July 2015?
A) LinkedIn
B) Ashley Madison
C) Twitter
D) Facebook
  • 46. Which vehicle system was used as an attack vector in simple security risks?
A) Airbag deployment
B) Bluetooth communication
C) Cruise control system
D) A malicious compact disc
  • 47. Which Ukrainian hacker was involved in the Target Corporation breach?
A) Lazarus Group
B) NotPetya
C) Rescator
D) Guccifer
  • 48. Which city in Mexico received the first e-Drivers' licenses using a smart card platform?
A) Monterrey
B) Guadalajara
C) Puebla
D) Mexico City
  • 49. Which agency monitors cyber threats in India?
A) Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
B) CERT-In
C) Indian Computer Emergency Response Team
D) National Cyber Security Agency
  • 50. What was the name of one of the earliest computer worms created by Bob Thomas?
A) Blaster
B) Morris worm
C) Reaper
D) Creeper
  • 51. Which organization investigated 79 hacking incidents at energy companies in 2014?
A) The Computer Emergency Readiness Team
B) The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
C) The National Security Agency (NSA)
D) The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
  • 52. On what date did the US FDA release its recommendations for maintaining security in Internet-connected medical devices?
A) 1 January 2017
B) 15 November 2015
C) 28 December 2016
D) 30 June 2018
  • 53. When was the National Cyber Security Policy 2013 introduced in India?
A) 2008
B) 2020
C) 1999
D) 2013
  • 54. What was the response of Target and Home Depot to warnings about breaches?
A) They upgraded their security software
B) They shut down their systems temporarily
C) Warnings were ignored
D) They immediately fixed all vulnerabilities
  • 55. Who was an early example of a state-sponsored hacker?
A) Clifford Stoll
B) Markus Hess
C) A Ukrainian power grid operator
D) An internet activist
  • 56. Who is believed to have perpetrated the Office of Personnel Management hack?
A) Chinese hackers
B) Russian hackers
C) North Korean hackers
D) Iranian hackers
  • 57. What method did hackers use to gain access to Rome Laboratory's systems?
A) Trojan horses
B) SQL injection
C) Phishing emails
D) Brute force attacks
  • 58. What book recounts Markus Hess's hacking activities for the KGB?
A) Data and Goliath
B) Cybersecurity and Cyberwar: What Everyone Needs to Know
C) Ghost in the Wires
D) The Cuckoo's Egg
  • 59. Which attack involved spear-phising, destruction of files, and denial-of-service?
A) A bank data breach in 2021
B) A ransomware attack on healthcare facilities
C) An attack on a social media platform
D) The 2015 Ukraine power grid hack
  • 60. What technology is used by FedEx and UPS for tracking shipments?
A) Bluetooth
B) Barcodes
C) GPS
D) RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
  • 61. Which type of equipment has been successfully attacked in hospitals?
A) Patient transport vehicles
B) In-hospital diagnostic equipment
C) Medical training simulators
D) Hospital cafeteria systems
  • 62. Which company started offering commercial access control systems and computer security software products in the late 1970s?
A) IBM
B) Microsoft
C) Netscape
D) Apple
  • 63. When was the United States Cyber Command created?
A) 2009
B) 2008
C) 2015
D) 2010
  • 64. What is cyber attribution?
A) Logging user activity on a network.
B) Finding who perpetrated a cyberattack.
C) Encrypting data for secure transmission.
D) Detecting and eliminating malware.
  • 65. What is the first key component of a computer security incident response plan?
A) Preparation
B) Detection and analysis
C) Containment, eradication and recovery
D) Post incident activity
  • 66. Who provided documents exposing NSA global surveillance in 2013?
A) Mark Zuckerberg
B) Julian Assange
C) Chelsea Manning
D) Edward Snowden
  • 67. Which Canadian organization is responsible for mitigating threats to Canada's critical infrastructure?
A) Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (FIRST)
B) Council of Europe
C) European Network and Information Security Agency (ENISA)
D) Canadian Cyber Incident Response Centre (CCIRC)
  • 68. What is digital hygiene analogous to?
A) Personal hygiene
B) Sleep patterns
C) Physical fitness
D) Dietary habits
  • 69. What is one of the main pillars of Canada's cyber security strategy?
A) Managing European network security.
B) Coordinating global CSIRTs.
C) Regulating international data protection laws.
D) Securing government systems.
  • 70. Which type of devices are becoming more common targets for cyberattacks due to their increasing number?
A) Desktop computers
B) Healthcare providers' networks
C) Home automation devices like the Nest thermostat
D) Smartphones and tablets
  • 71. Who wrote the Reaper program to destroy the Creeper worm?
A) Markus Hess
B) Willis Ware
C) Ray Tomlinson
D) Bob Thomas
  • 72. In what year did over a hundred intrusions occur at the Rome Laboratory?
A) 1988
B) 2010
C) 2000
D) 1994
  • 73. In what decade did computer security begin to expand beyond academia due to increased connectivity?
A) 1970s
B) 1980s
C) 2000s
D) 1990s
  • 74. What percentage of organizations reported a 'problematic shortage' of cybersecurity skills in 2016?
A) 35%
B) 28%
C) 46%
D) 50%
  • 75. What is one example of a large corporation that experienced a data breach involving clients' credit card details?
A) HBGary Federal
B) Sony Pictures
C) Home Depot
D) Nest
  • 76. What action did Avid Life Media CEO Noel Biderman take after the Ashley Madison breach?
A) He denied any wrongdoing
B) He took legal action against The Impact Team
C) He resigned
D) He increased security measures
  • 77. Which organization is part of the National Cyber Security Division of the United States Department of Homeland Security?
A) NRC
B) US-CERT
C) CERT/CC
D) NEI
  • 78. How many credit cards were stolen from Target Corporation in 2013?
A) 60 million
B) 10 million
C) Roughly 40 million
D) 25 million
  • 79. What technology are long-distance bus companies switching to?
A) Barter systems
B) Paper tickets
C) E-ticketing transactions
D) Manual ticket sales
  • 80. What was the primary target of the Stuxnet attack in 2010?
A) Israeli government networks
B) U.S. military systems
C) Iran's nuclear centrifuges
D) European power grids
  • 81. Which company was affected by a credit card details breach in early 2007?
A) Home Depot
B) Office of Personnel Management
C) Target Corporation
D) TJX
  • 82. Which technology enables shopping mall kiosks to issue on-the-spot credit cards?
A) QR code scanning
B) Blockchain-based transactions
C) Instant Issuance technology
D) Contactless payment systems
  • 83. Which coalition did Public Safety Canada partner with to launch the Cyber Security Cooperation Program?
A) European Network and Information Security Agency (ENISA)
B) Canadian Cyber Incident Response Centre (CCIRC)
C) STOP.THINK.CONNECT
D) Council of Europe
  • 84. Which of the following is NOT a method used in access authorization?
A) Passwords.
B) Biometric systems.
C) Smart cards.
D) Port scanning.
  • 85. What is a consequence of a simple power outage at an airport?
A) It improves airport efficiency
B) It has no significant impact
C) It can cause worldwide repercussions
D) It only affects the local area
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