- 1. Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on understanding and explaining individual differences in behavior and personality traits. It aims to study how people differ from one another in terms of their thoughts, feelings, and behavior patterns. Personality psychologists explore various aspects of personality, including traits, behaviors, motivations, and interpersonal relationships. They use different theories and research methods to investigate the underlying factors that contribute to an individual's unique personality. By studying personality psychology, researchers aim to uncover the complex interplay between genetic, environmental, and social factors that shape an individual's personality over time.
According to Freud, which part of the mind operates on the pleasure principle?
A) Conscious mind
B) Id
C) Ego
D) Superego
- 2. Who is known for developing the theory of self-actualization in personality psychology?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Carl Jung
C) Alfred Adler
D) Abraham Maslow
- 3. According to the social cognitive theory, what influences behavior through observational learning and self-efficacy beliefs?
A) Social learning
B) Trait theory
C) Behaviorism
D) Psychoanalysis
- 4. Which psychological test is commonly used to assess personality traits?
A) MMPI
B) Rorschach inkblot test
C) Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
D) Wechsler Intelligence Scale
- 5. What is the term for the process of unconsciously attributing one's own thoughts or feelings to others?
A) Projection
B) Regression
C) Displacement
D) Reaction formation
- 6. In personality psychology, what is the term for persistent emotional distress caused by conflicting thoughts or beliefs?
A) Defense mechanism
B) Sublimation
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Regression
- 7. Who developed the concept of introversion and extroversion in personality theory?
A) Karen Horney
B) Carl Jung
C) Erik Erikson
D) Alfred Adler
- 8. According to the psychoanalytic perspective, what component of personality strives for moral perfection?
A) Archetype
B) Id
C) Superego
D) Ego
- 9. What term describes the belief that one has control over their own lives and can influence their environment?
A) Cognitive dissonance
B) Social comparison
C) Self-efficacy
D) Locus of control
- 10. Which theory of personality emphasizes the importance of self-esteem in motivating behavior?
A) Cognitive theory
B) Humanistic theory
C) Behavioral theory
D) Biological theory
- 11. What did Carl Rogers consider a necessary condition for personal growth and development?
A) Negative reinforcement
B) Conditioned response
C) Psychoanalytic conflict
D) Unconditional positive regard
- 12. What is the term for the defense mechanism that involves justifying an unacceptable behavior by providing a rational but false reason for it?
A) Sublimation
B) Rationalization
C) Projection
D) Reaction formation
- 13. What concept in personality psychology refers to the feelings of self-worth and self-esteem?
A) Self-concept
B) Self-transcendence
C) Self-efficacy
D) Self-monitoring
- 14. According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the stage where individuals seek intimacy and close relationships?
A) Generativity vs. Stagnation
B) Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
C) Intimacy vs. Isolation
D) Identity vs. Role Confusion
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