- 1. Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile, often referred to as the Catholic Monarchs, ruled over Spain during the late 15th and early 16th centuries, a period that was marked by significant unification, territorial expansion, and the establishment of a centralized Spanish state. Their marriage in 1469 united the two largest kingdoms in Spain, effectively laying the foundations for modern Spain as a single nation. This union brought about political stability and enabled them to pursue ambitious domestic and foreign policies, including the completion of the Reconquista with the capture of Granada in 1492, which marked the end of centuries of Muslim rule on the Iberian Peninsula. Additionally, their reign is characterized by the encouragement of exploration, most famously leading to Christopher Columbus's voyage in the same year, which ultimately resulted in the discovery of the New World. Under their rule, Spain also initiated the infamous Spanish Inquisition, aimed at maintaining Catholic orthodoxy, which led to the persecution of Jews, Muslims, and other non-conformists. The reign of Ferdinand and Isabella was thus a pivotal moment in Spanish history, characterized by both remarkable achievements in unification and exploration, as well as significant social and religious upheaval.
Which two monarchs ruled Spain as a joint kingdom?
A) Alfonso VI and Urraca
B) Charles V and Philip II
C) Ferdinand and Isabella
D) Francisco Franco and Juan Carlos
- 2. What year did Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castille get married?
A) 1500
B) 1469
C) 1485
D) 1512
- 3. Which event signaled the completion of the Reconquista under Ferdinand and Isabella?
A) Columbus' first voyage
B) Fall of Granada
C) Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
D) Cortes' conquest of the Aztecs
- 4. Ferdinand and Isabella sponsored which Italian explorer's voyage to the New World?
A) Christopher Columbus
B) Ferdinand Magellan
C) Amerigo Vespucci
D) John Cabot
- 5. What was the name of the treaty that divided the world between Spain and Portugal in 1494?
A) Treaty of Granada
B) Treaty of Zaragoza
C) Treaty of Madrid
D) Treaty of Tordesillas
- 6. Ferdinand and Isabella's marriage united which two powerful kingdoms in Spain?
A) Leon and Navarre
B) Aragon and Castile
C) Aragon and Portugal
D) Navarre and Castile
- 7. Which pope gave Ferdinand and Isabella the title 'Catholic Monarchs'?
A) Pope Clement VII
B) Pope Julius II
C) Pope Alexander VI
D) Pope Innocent VIII
- 8. Ferdinand and Isabella established which institution with the goal of enforcing religious unity in Spain?
A) Royal Academy
B) Guild of Explorers
C) Spanish Inquisition
D) Institute of the Crown
- 9. What was the name of the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella who became queen of England through marriage to Henry VII?
A) Catherine of Aragon
B) Joanna of Castile
C) Isabella of Castille
D) Maria of Spain
- 10. Which city was the center of Ferdinand and Isabella's government?
A) Madrid
B) Barcelona
C) Toledo
D) Seville
- 11. What noble class did Ferdinand and Isabella rely upon for support?
A) Mestizos
B) Caballeros
C) Hidalgos
D) Conquistadores
- 12. In which year did Ferdinand and Isabella conquer the kingdom of Granada?
A) 1510
B) 1475
C) 1492
D) 1482
- 13. Which religious group did Ferdinand and Isabella expel from Spain in 1492?
A) Christians
B) Hindus
C) Jews
D) Muslims
- 14. What was the motto of Ferdinand and Isabella?
A) Tanto monta, monta tanto
B) Veni, vidi, vici
C) Carpe diem
D) E pluribus unum
- 15. In what year did Ferdinand of Aragon die?
A) 1492
B) 1500
C) 1525
D) 1516
- 16. Which famous author did Isabella of Castille sponsor to translate his works from Latin?
A) Fernando de Rojas
B) Miguel de Cervantes
C) Antonio de Nebrija
D) Garcilaso de la Vega
- 17. Who succeeded Ferdinand of Aragon as King of Aragon?
A) Charles I
B) Joanna of Castile
C) Philip II
D) Henry IV
- 18. Which of the following regions was part of the Crown of Aragon under Ferdinand of Aragon's rule?
A) Leon
B) Asturias
C) Galicia
D) Valencia
- 19. What title did Pope Alexander VI grant to Ferdinand and Isabella for their achievements in Spain?
A) Holy Roman Emperors
B) Guardians of the Faith
C) Defenders of Christendom
D) Catholic Monarchs
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