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Anarchism in China - Quiz
Contributed by: Adamson
  • 1. What is the literal translation of "Anarchism" (無政府主義) in Chinese?
A) The rule of the people
B) The end of dynasty
C) The doctrine of no government
D) The chaotic society
  • 2. Which ancient Chinese philosophy is considered to have origins related to anarchistic attitudes?
A) Mohism
B) Confucianism
C) Taoism
D) Legalism
  • 3. In which two countries did Chinese students primarily seek out anarchist doctrines in the early 20th century?
A) United States and Britain
B) Japan and France
C) Russia and Germany
D) Italy and Spain
  • 4. What movement from Russia was a major influence on early Chinese anarchism?
A) Monarchism
B) Industrialization
C) Imperial expansion
D) Nihilism
  • 5. What did the Chinese Assassination Corps promote as a tool for change?
A) Assassination
B) Economic boycotts
C) Democratic voting
D) Diplomatic negotiation
  • 6. Which political organizations drained support from anarchists by the 1920s?
A) The Self-Strengthening movement and the monarchy
B) The Qing Dynasty and the Boxers
C) The Taoist Reformers and the Nihilists
D) The Nationalist Party and the Communist Party
  • 7. How did early Chinese anarchists view a "true revolution"?
A) As a simple change of leadership
B) As an overthrow of traditional culture and social practices
C) As a return to the Spring and Autumn period
D) As an expansion of military power
  • 8. Who were the Taoist sages credited with developing the philosophy of "non-rule"?
A) Sun Yat-sen and Liang Qichao
B) Empress Dowager Cixi and Guangxu
C) Confucius and Mencius
D) Lao Tzu and Zhuang Zhou
  • 9. What was the initial, inaccurate phonetic translation used for "anarchist" in Chinese newspapers?
A) The Sovereignty Party
B) The Nihilist Party
C) Ya-Na-Ji-Si-De Party
D) The Great Tide Party
  • 10. Which 1902 book is generally considered the first systematic introduction to anarchism in China?
A) A History of Socialism
B) The Tao Te Ching
C) The Qing Yi Bao
D) The Great Tide in Russia
  • 11. What event led to the defeat of the Hundred Days' Reform?
A) The First Sino-Japanese War
B) The Boxer Rebellion
C) The Opium Wars
D) A coup d'état by Empress Dowager Cixi
  • 12. Why did Chinese dissidents flee abroad in the late 19th century?
A) To learn how to modernize the military
B) To freely spread revolutionary ideas outside Qing authority
C) To seek employment with foreign governments
D) To escape the famine in China
  • 13. What was a key focus of the Work-Study Programs organized by the Paris-based anarchist group?
A) Training soldiers for revolution
B) Translating ancient Taoist texts
C) Bringing students to France
D) Promoting religious conversion
  • 14. What did Liang Qichao report in the Qing Yi Bao in 1901 regarding Leon Czolgosz?
A) He labeled him a foreign criminal
B) He praised his political vision
C) He called him a member of the Anarchist Party
D) He claimed he was a nihilist agent
  • 15. In what year did anarchism emerge as a distinct, formal political current in China?
A) 1903
B) 1910
C) 1900
D) 1906
  • 16. Which city served as a hub for the early Chinese anarchist movement alongside Paris?
A) Tokyo
B) Shanghai
C) London
D) Beijing
  • 17. Who was the French anarchist geographer that influenced Li Shizeng?
A) Peter Kropotkin
B) Élisée Reclus
C) William Godwin
D) Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
  • 18. What was the name of the first Chinese anarchist organization founded in 1906?
A) World Society
B) Revolutionary Alliance
C) People's Militia League
D) New Century Society
  • 19. What newspaper did Wu Zhihui publish in that led to him fleeing China in 1903?
A) The People's Journal
B) Su Bao
C) New Year's Dream
D) Xin Shiji
  • 20. What was the name of the weekly periodical started by the Paris group in 1907?
A) World Society Journal
B) Su Bao
C) Xin Shiji
D) New Year's Dream
  • 21. What did Li Shizeng suggest would replace a standing army to defend the country?
A) Diplomatic treaties
B) Confucian morality
C) A centralized bureaucracy
D) A people's militia
  • 22. What type of business did the Paris group set up to help Chinese students study abroad?
A) A tea import company
B) A soy products factory
C) A translation school
D) A printing press
  • 23. Which of these thinkers' works were translated in the Xin Shiji journal?
A) Peter Kropotkin
B) Sun Yat-sen
C) Confucius
D) Karl Marx
  • 24. Why did the journal Xin Shiji cease publication after three years?
A) Financial constraints
B) Lack of reader interest
C) Disagreements among editors
D) Government censorship
  • 25. What did the Paris group view as the most important activity for revolutionaries?
A) Education
B) Assassination
C) Military training
D) Fundraising
  • 26. In what year did Liu Shipei and He Zhen marry and move to Shanghai?
A) 1908
B) 1903
C) 1905
D) 1907
  • 27. Who oversaw He Zhen's education at the Patriotic Women's School?
A) Duanfang
B) Cai Yuanpei
C) Zhang Ji
D) Liu Shipei
  • 28. Who did the Tokyo anarchists consider the founding father of Chinese anarchism?
A) Leo Tolstoy
B) Peter Kropotkin
C) Xu Xing
D) Laozi
  • 29. Which ancient philosopher's agriculturalist philosophy inspired the group's agrarian utopianism?
A) Confucius
B) Laozi
C) Mencius
D) Xu Xing
  • 30. Which western writer's work on agrarianism and opposition to commercialism inspired the Tokyo group?
A) Peter Kropotkin
B) Karl Marx
C) Mikhail Bakunin
D) Leo Tolstoy
  • 31. What journal was published by the Society for the Study of Socialism starting in 1907?
A) Natural Justice
B) Balance
C) National Essence
D) The Peasant
  • 32. What was the name of the journal published by the Society in 1908 under the direction of Zhang Ji?
A) National Essence
B) Natural Justice
C) Balance
D) Women's Liberation
  • 33. For whom were Liu Shipei and He Zhen revealed to be working as informers?
A) The Qing Emperor
B) Duanfang
C) Zhang Binglin
D) Cai Yuanpei
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