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Cognitive psychology - Quiz
Contributed by: Stokes
  • 1. Cognitive psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the study of mental processes such as attention, memory, perception, problem-solving, and decision-making. It seeks to understand how people acquire, process, store, and retrieve information. Cognitive psychologists investigate how the mind works, exploring complex cognitive functions such as language development, problem-solving strategies, and reasoning. By studying these mental processes, cognitive psychology aims to enhance our understanding of human behavior and cognition, providing insights into various aspects of human experience and behavior.

    Who is considered the father of cognitive psychology?
A) Ulric Neisser
B) Ivan Pavlov
C) Sigmund Freud
D) B.F. Skinner
  • 2. What is the term for the mental process of organizing and interpreting sensory information?
A) Memory
B) Thinking
C) Learning
D) Perception
  • 3. What is the term for the process of transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory?
A) Encoding
B) Retrieval
C) Decay
D) Interference
  • 4. Which area of the brain plays a crucial role in memory formation?
A) Hippocampus
B) Prefrontal cortex
C) Occipital lobe
D) Cerebellum
  • 5. In classical conditioning, what is the unlearned response known as?
A) Reinforced response
B) Unconditioned response
C) Neutral response
D) Conditioned response
  • 6. What is the term for the ability to store and retrieve information over time?
A) Problem-solving
B) Memory
C) Creativity
D) Imagination
  • 7. Which term refers to the tendency for our memory of an event to be altered by misleading information?
A) Recall error
B) Misinformation effect
C) Memory augmentation
D) Cognitive dissonance
  • 8. What term describes the mental structures and processes used for organizing information?
A) Algorithm
B) Hypothesis
C) Concept
D) Schema
  • 9. What is the term for the interference of new information with the retrieval of old information?
A) State-dependent memory
B) Retroactive interference
C) Proactive interference
D) Encoding specificity
  • 10. Which term describes the process of breaking down complex information into smaller, more manageable parts?
A) Elaboration
B) Chunking
C) Acquisition
D) Consolidation
  • 11. Who proposed the stages of cognitive development, including sensorimotor and formal operational stages?
A) Jean Piaget
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Erik Erikson
D) Lawrence Kohlberg
  • 12. What is the term for the phenomenon where the first items in a list are more easily remembered?
A) Sensory memory
B) Recency effect
C) Chunking
D) Primacy effect
  • 13. What is the term for the mental process of manipulating information in short-term memory?
A) Metacognition
B) Working memory
C) Procedural memory
D) Selective attention
  • 14. What is the term for the cognitive bias to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions?
A) Hindsight bias
B) Anchoring bias
C) Confirmation bias
D) Availability heuristic
  • 15. In which century did philosophical debates about human thought primarily occur?
A) 18th century
B) 20th century
C) 19th century
D) 17th century
  • 16. Who posited the idea of mind-body dualism, also known as substance dualism?
A) George Berkeley
B) Immanuel Kant
C) René Descartes
D) John Locke
  • 17. Which area of the brain was discovered by Paul Broca to be largely responsible for language production?
A) Amygdala
B) Broca's area
C) Wernicke's area
D) Hippocampus
  • 18. What was a major influence on cognitive psychology during World War II?
A) Development of behaviorism
B) Critique of empiricism
C) Founding of Harvard Center for Cognitive Studies
D) Understanding human performance for training soldiers
  • 19. What did Carl Jung introduce in his 1921 book 'Psychological Types'?
A) Mind-body dualism
B) The hypothesis of cognitive functions
C) Artificial intelligence concepts
D) Behaviorist principles
  • 20. What is an example of using procedural memory?
A) Recalling where one was when hearing about a major news event
B) Knowing what the Eiffel Tower looks like
C) Remembering the name of a friend from sixth grade
D) Driving a car
  • 21. What type of processing occurs for the unattended message in a dichotic listening task?
A) Short-term memory analysis
B) Long-term memory storage
C) Early sensory processing
D) Deep processing
  • 22. Who described the origins of cognitive psychology in a 2002 article?
A) Ulric Neisser
B) Jean Piaget
C) George Mandler
D) Carl Jung
  • 23. What does endogenous control in attention work in a manner that is best described as?
A) Orienting
B) Top-down
C) Reflexive
D) Bottom-up
  • 24. How many steps does Dodge's SIP model assert an individual goes through when evaluating interactions?
A) Three
B) Five
C) Seven
D) Four
  • 25. Can participants comprehend both passages when shadowing one in the dichotic listening task?
A) Only if the pitches differ.
B) Yes, they can.
C) No, they cannot.
D) If their name is mentioned.
  • 26. Who is credited as the father of cognitive therapy?
A) Aaron T. Beck
B) Daniel Kahneman
C) Carl Rogers
D) Sigmund Freud
  • 27. What happens if a participant's name is mentioned in the unattended ear during a dichotic listening task?
A) They store it in long-term memory.
B) They can report its content accurately.
C) Some even orient to the unattended message.
D) They ignore it completely.
  • 28. What can subjects notice about the unattended message in a dichotic listening task?
A) They can store it in long-term memory.
B) They can notice if the pitch changes or if it ceases altogether.
C) They cannot notice any changes.
D) They can comprehend and report its content.
  • 29. Which type of knowledge relates to performing particular tasks?
A) Declarative knowledge
B) Metacognitive knowledge
C) Hierarchical knowledge
D) Procedural knowledge
  • 30. What did cognitive psychology integrate into other branches and disciplines?
A) Philosophical debates about empiricism
B) Work derived from cognitive psychology
C) Dynamic psychology concepts
D) Behaviorist principles
  • 31. What concept did Donald Broadbent integrate with human performance research?
A) Information theory
B) Dynamic psychology
C) Artificial intelligence
D) Mind-body dualism
  • 32. Which book by Ulric Neisser popularized the term 'cognitive psychology'?
A) Plans and the Structure of Behavior (1960)
B) Psychological Types (1921)
C) A Study of Thinking (1956)
D) Cognitive Psychology (1967)
  • 33. Who defines social cognition as the study of mental processes in perceiving, attending to, remembering, thinking about, and making sense of people?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Kenneth Dodge
C) Gordon B. Moskowitz
D) Jean Piaget
  • 34. Which area is NOT typically studied by cognitive psychologists in language?
A) Individual components of language formation
B) Language use in mood
C) Phonemes
D) Language acquisition
  • 35. What did the Harvard Center for Cognitive Studies, founded in 1960, aim to do?
A) Develop AI technology
B) Study dynamic psychology
C) Institutionalize the cognitive revolution
D) Promote behaviorism
  • 36. Which attentional system is responsible for the orienting reflex and pop-out effects?
A) Endogenous control
B) Divided attention
C) Conscious processing
D) Exogenous control
  • 37. Who proposed a model of language processing in the 1870s?
A) Jean Piaget
B) Noam Chomsky
C) Carl Wernicke
D) B.F. Skinner
  • 38. What phenomenon involves generating thoughts believed to be unique but are actually memories?
A) Validity effect
B) Cryptomnesia
C) False fame effect
D) Déjà vu
  • 39. In the dichotic listening task, what happens when the basketball-related message shifts to the right ear?
A) The listener cannot notice if the pitch of the unattended message changes.
B) The listener can report the content of the unattended message.
C) The listener is usually able to repeat the entire message at the end, having attended to the left or right ear only when it was appropriate.
D) The listener cannot comprehend both passages when shadowing one.
  • 40. What is metacognition?
A) The study of language acquisition
B) Short-term memory processes
C) Phoneme analysis in cognitive psychology
D) Thoughts about one's own thoughts
  • 41. What did J. S. Bruner, J. J. Goodnow & G. A. Austin write about in 1956?
A) 'Psychological Types'
B) 'Plans and the Structure of Behavior'
C) 'Cognitive Psychology'
D) 'A Study of Thinking'
  • 42. What did G. A. Miller, E. Galanter, and K. Pribram write about in 1960?
A) 'Cognitive Psychology'
B) 'Plans and the Structure of Behavior'
C) 'Psychological Types'
D) 'A Study of Thinking'
  • 43. What did cognitive psychology originate from in the 1960s?
A) Military research during WWII
B) A break from behaviorism
C) The establishment of AI
D) Philosophical debates about innate ideas
  • 44. Who critiqued behaviorism in 1959, initiating the cognitive revolution?
A) Donald Broadbent
B) Noam Chomsky
C) Allen Newell
D) J. S. Bruner
  • 45. Which two psychologists collaborated on the concept of artificial intelligence (AI)?
A) Noam Chomsky and J. S. Bruner
B) Allen Newell and Herbert Simon
C) Carl Jung and Jean Piaget
D) Donald Broadbent and George Mandler
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