A) PDEA is limited to drug rehabilitation programs. B) NBI has exclusive power over cybercrime investigations. C) BI possesses specialized forensic and cyber-investigation capability needed for transnational cases. D) PNP is constitutionally barred from drug enforcement
A) Arresting suspects after a robbery B) Conducting custodial interrogation. C) Establishing community patrol visibility to deter crime. D) Prosecuting accused individuals.
A) Absolute independence of agencies B) Non-delegation of powers C) Jurisdictional supremacy D) Inter-agency collaboration and operational efficiency
A) Procedural delay in criminal prosecution B) Negligence in preventive regulatory enforcement C) Failure in community policing D) Overstepping PNP jurisdiction
A) PNP handles general law enforcement, while NBI focuses on technical, complex, and high-profile investigations. B) PNP enforces all laws nationwide, while NBI investigates only corruption cases. C) PNP investigates graft, while NBI handles only barangay crimes. D) PNP manages prosecutions, while NBI supervises corrections.
A) It gives judges discretion to disregard rules of evidence. B) It applies only in NBI laboratories, not in PNP operations. C) It ensures that evidence integrity is preserved for admissibility in court. D) It allows evidence to be freely transferred between agencies.
A) It allows BFP to automatically prosecute the offender. B) It provides admissible forensic evidence supporting prosecution. C) It replaces the need for police investigation D) It grants the BFP jurisdiction over sentencing.
A) Traffic violations along EDSA B) Theft in a barangay sari-sari store C) Barangay disturbance between neighbors D) Syndicated estafa involving high-ranking officials and foreign entities
A) Due process and proper jurisdictional mandate B) Judicial independence C) Separation of powers D) Proportionality in sentencing
A) Enforcing fire safety codes and conducting inspections B) Investigating graft and corruption cases C) Prohibiting building permits D) Arresting suspects in arson cases
A) Exclusive power over anti-drug operations B) Broader barangay presence and patrol-based deterrence C) Mandate over international law enforcement D) Superior cyber-investigation facilities
A) Separation of powers B) Collaborative governance C) Chain of custody D) Redundancy and lack of inter-agency coordination
A) BFP conducts secondary investigation. B) Evidence may be excluded, weakening prosecution. C) PDEA assumes jurisdiction. D) The suspect is automatically acquitted.
A) It adjudicates liability of building owners. B) It conducts forensic analysis necessary for criminal liability determination. C) It prevents further police intervention. D) It provides legal representation for suspects.
A) NBI B) DOJ C) BFP D) PDEA
A) Unity of command B) Procedural redundancy C) Collaborative governance and complementarity of mandates D) Overstepping of authority
A) They supervise prison corrections. B) Their widespread presence allows immediate response and preventive policing. C) They control the courts. D) They provide legal defense for the accused.
A) Fire suppression capability B) Nationwide precinct deployment C) Barangay patrol assistance D) Forensic and technical divisions specializing in advanced evidence analysis
A) Evidence handling and prosecution are compromised. B) BFP assumes jurisdiction. C) Automatic conviction of suspects. D) Media coverage is reduced.
A) It eliminates LGU functions during calamities. B) It supervises barangay elections. C) Its enforcement of fire codes prevents disasters that could escalate into criminal negligence affecting communities. D) It prosecutes arsonists directly on behalf of barangays
A) Prosecutorial discretion B) Integrity of judicial process C) Legality of arrest and personal liberty D) Efficiency of case disposal
A) Courts do not trust police testimony B) Probable cause is a quasi-judicial function reserved for prosecutors C) Police officers lack training in evidence handling D) Delegation violates separation of powers
A) To avoid filing cases based on illegal arrests, which could later be quashed B) To protect prosecutors from liability C) To reduce the workload of judges D) To ensure cases are filed quickly
A) It undermines the rights of the accused and clogs court dockets B) It strengthens police credibility C) It expedites justice delivery D) Courts will automatically convict
A) To shift responsibility to defense counsel B) To shorten the prosecutor’s workload C) To comply with due process and ensure a balanced evaluation of evidence D) To delay filing of cases until evidence is complete
A) File the appropriate information in court without preliminary investigation B) Wait for the suspect’s motion for bail C) Release the suspect immediately D) Refer the case to the DOJ Secretary
A) Require additional police affidavits only B) Still establish probable cause based on the totality of evidenc C) Dismiss the case outright D) Defer to the judge for determination
A) Legislative intent B) Prosecutorial independence C) Police authority in law enforcement D) Judicial discretion
A) Leaving evidence evaluation to the judge B) Dismissing a complaint due to insufficient probable cause C) Automatically endorsing all complaints to the DOJ Secretary D) Filing a case despite no prima facie evidence to avoid criticism
A) Acquittal or dismissal due to exclusionary rule B) Conviction due to presumption of regularity C) Mistrial D) Automatic appeal to DOJ
A) They supervise correctional facilities B) They determine which cases merit judicial trial through preliminary investigation C) They approve police promotions D) They decide on guilt or innocence
A) Endorse the case to the Ombudsman B) Order the suspect’s immediate release C) Suspend proceedings until further evidence is gathered D) File the case anyway and let the court decide
A) The Constitution requires independent and impartial evaluation of evidence B) Police may exaggerate findings C) DOJ circulars prohibit it D) Courts demand police neutrality
A) By dismissing all weak cases regardless of evidence B) By ensuring probable cause exists before a person is haled into court C) By conducting speedy trials D) By automatically recommending bail
A) Inquest determines validity of warrantless arrests, while preliminary B) Inquest is conducted only after conviction C) Inquest is optional, while preliminary investigation is mandatory D) Both serve only as police procedures
A) Right to equal protection B) Right to speedy disposition of cases C) Right to free counsel D) Right against double jeopardy
A) The case will automatically be dismissed B) Evidence will be considered waived C) The case proceeds unaffected D) Accused may question the prosecutor’s action via certiorari for denial of due process
A) Res judicata B) Probable cause requirement C) Inquisitorial principle D) Adversarial principle
A) Substantial evidence B) Proof beyond reasonable doubt C) Mere suspicion or belief D) Such evidence as would lead a reasonably prudent person to believe a crime was committed
A) Right against double jeopardy B) Right to equal protection of the laws C) Right to due process D) Right to bail
A) It only hears cases endorsed by the President. B) It primarily serves as a trial court for criminal cases. C) It directly hears all cases filed by the public without restriction D) It exercises appellate jurisdiction and has the power of judicial review over all lower courts.
A) To expand the power of barangay courts. B) To allow parties to skip lower courts for faster results. C) To ensure orderly administration of justice and prevent forum shopping. D) To limit the number of lawyers who can appear in trial courts.
A) Regional Trial Court (RTC) B) Court of Appeals C) Sandiganbayan D) Municipal Trial Court (MTC)
A) RTCs only handle barangay-level disputes, while Sandiganbayan hears all national cases. B) Both share identical jurisdictions. C) Both A and C D) Sandiganbayan handles cases involving public officials, while RTCs handle general criminal and civil cases.
A) Petitions must always be filed first in the Supreme Court. B) Petitions must always be filed first in the Supreme Court. C) Parties are free to choose any court. D) Petitions should generally be filed in the lowest court with concurrent jurisdiction.
A) Graft and corruption by a provincial governor B) Estafa committed by a private individual. C) Cybercrime by a private company. D) Family disputes involving annulment.
A) Principle of Judicial Economy B) Principle of Judicial Activism C) Principle of Judicial Hierarchy D) Principle of Collegiality
A) Regional Trial Court B) Court of Appeals C) Supreme Court D) Municipal Trial Court
A) It directly tries barangay disputes. B) It enforces laws passed by Congress. C) It serves as the first-level trial court for minor offenses. D) It acts as an appellate court reviewing decisions of RTCs and quasi-judicial agencies.
A) Municipal Trial Court B) Sandiganbayan C) Regional Trial Court D) Court of Appeals
A) They serve as administrative bodies only. B) They have the same power as the Supreme Court. C) They try less serious offenses and small claims to decongest higher courts. D) They handle the heaviest caseload in the system.
A) Barangay conciliation disputes B) Theft involving ₱5,000 C) Murder D) Violation of traffic rules
A) Doctrine of Stare Decisis B) Doctrine of Hierarchy of Courts C) Doctrine of Judicial Restraint D) Doctrine of Judicial Review
A) Because it handles marriage annulments. B) Because it focuses on crimes involving graft and corruption by public officials. C) Because it hears all appeals from the RTC. D) Because it handles electoral disputes.
A) When there are novel constitutional issues of transcendental importance. B) When barangay officials decline to mediate. C) When the RTC is unavailable due to vacancy. D) When an MTC judge is absent.
A) The Supreme Court directly supervises case raffling in the Court of Appeals. B) The Court of Appeals acts as an intermediate appellate body whose decisions are reviewable by the Supreme Court. C) The Supreme Court can only review CA cases involving traffic violations. D) The Court of Appeals has no appellate power at all.
A) Filing a petition for certiorari directly with the Supreme Court despite available remedies in the Court of Appeals. B) Appealing an RTC decision to the Court of Appeals. C) Elevating a CA decision to the Supreme Court for review. D) Filing a small claims case in an MTC.
A) All graft cases committed in Muslim areas B) Criminal cases involving Muslims C) All cases in Mindanao D) Civil cases relating to marriage, divorce, and inheritance among Muslims
A) Regional Trial Court B) Court of Appeals C) Supreme Court D) Sandiganbayan
A) Court of Appeals B) Regional Trial Court C) Municipal Trial Court D) Sandiganbayan
A) Administrative convenience B) Retribution C) Human rights protection D) Expediency
A) Jurisdictional funding B) Size of facilities C) Geographic scope D) Nature of detainees’ custody
A) To reduce congestion only B) To delay enforcement of judgment C) To assign custody to the proper agency D) To punish detainees further
A) Crime investigation B) Issuing warrants C) Reformation programs D) Maintaining jails
A) Right to bail B) Right against cruel punishment C) Right to property D) Right to speedy trial
A) Jurisdictional custody B) Judicial oversight C) Administrative error D) Prosecutorial lapse
A) Manage risks and rehabilitation B) Delay reintegration C) Punish more severely D) Reduce costs
A) Funding allocation B) Distinction between local jails and national prisons C) Geographic scope D) Political mandate
A) Handling warrants B) Lack of rehabilitation for long-term detainees C) Administrative budgeting D) Managing short-term detainees
A) They reduce jail congestion B) They replace judicial proceedings C) They provide employment to jail staff D) They reduce recidivism
A) Prosecution B) Judiciary C) Corrections D) Law enforcement
A) National classification B) Overcrowding C) Political interference D) Excessive budgets
A) Judicial oversight B) Humanitarian function of jails C) Sentencing D) Prosecutorial support
A) Prisoners eligible for release are under BuCor custody B) Courts automatically release parolees C) BJMP manages parolee monitoring D) Prosecutors direct parole decisions
A) To ensure proper transfer of custody B) To delay transfer of convicts C) To punish detainees twice D) To increase BJMP budget
A) Reformation B) Retribution C) Deterrence D) Isolation
A) Issuing arrest warrants B) Safeguarding detainees’ right to attend trial C) Conducting criminal investigations D) Drafting laws
A) Privatization B) Expansion of local jails C) Professionalization and rehabilitation D) Political independence
A) Faster reintegration B) Judicial appeals C) Violence and security breaches D) Higher operational costs
A) Lack of judicial authority B) Overcrowding C) Duplication of parole power D) Geographic limitation
A) They both prosecute criminal cases B) They divide custody between temporary detention and long-term imprisonment C) They both adjudicate disputes D) They both issue arrest warrants
A) Post-release monitoring and livelihood suppor B) Issuing criminal warrants C) Managing trial schedules D) Supervising prosecutors
A) BJMP handles sentences below 3 years B) DOJ lacks authority C) Court orders override rules D) BuCor refuses custody
A) Facilitate rehabilitation and reintegration B) Increase judicial backlog C) Ensure longer detention D) Reduce state expenses
A) Courts control BJMP B) BJMP lacks resources C) BuCor has exclusive authority D) Detainees are presumed innocent
A) It allows parties to choose the fastest court. B) It ensures that all courts have equal power. C) It abolishes trial courts in favor of the Supreme Court. D) It prevents overburdening of higher courts by routing cases first to proper trial
A) To directly handle barangay disputes. B) To ensure flexibility in resolving cases of national significance. C) To avoid the Court of Appeals’ role. D) To reduce the power of trial courts.
A) Courts may expand their own jurisdiction when necessary. B) Jurisdiction is strictly defined by statute and cannot be assumed at will C) Jurisdiction of a court depends only on the agreement of the parties D) Jurisdiction can be granted by barangay officials.
A) An annulment case filed before the Sandiganbayan. B) A small claims case exceeding ₱1,000,000 filed before the MTC. C) A murder case filed before the RTC. D) A graft case against a mayor filed before the MTC.
A) They act as advisory bodies to the President. B) They exercise only appellate functions. C) They create laws for implementation. D) They determine guilt or innocence based on evidence presented
A) Implementing the National Anti-Drug Plan of Action and leading drug enforcement policy B) Handling cybercrimes independently C) Managing correctional rehabilitation centers D) Supervising barangay justice systems
A) To create uniform operational knowledge and enhance coordination in joint operations B) To centralize all powers in one body C) To reduce agency manpower D) To replace judicial oversight
A) Possible recurring lapses in evidence handling and procedure B) Judges’ impartiality C) Influence of the suspects D) Lack of PDEA authority
A) It rehabilitates offenders. B) It determines guilt or innocence. C) It supervises post-conviction reintegration. D) It enforces the law, gathers evidence, and initiates case build-up for prosecution.
A) Overstepping PNP jurisdiction B) Failure in custodial investigation C) Failure of preventive function leading to potential criminal negligence D) Procedural redundancy
A) Preliminary investigation requires proof beyond reasonable doubt B) Preliminary investigation is inquisitorial, focusing only on existence of probable cause C) Preliminary investigation already decides guilt or innocence D) Judicial trial is conducted only by prosecutors
A) It allows judges to review every complaint B) It ensures national consistency and prevents abuse of discretion C) It centralizes police power in the DOJ D) It relieves prosecutors of accountability
A) Ordering release due to lack of evidence B) Filing a case without verifying legality of arrest C) Referring the case to higher prosecutors for review D) Dismissing a case due to absence of probable cause
A) Police may refile the same case without additional evidence B) Respondent cannot be charged unless reversed on review C) Case is automatically filed in court D) Court may still conduct trial
A) They ensure all police cases proceed to trial B) They lead all criminal investigations C) They balance the rights of the State to prosecute and the rights of the accused to due process D) They determine penalties imposed by courts |