A) PNP is constitutionally barred from drug enforcement B) PDEA is limited to drug rehabilitation programs. C) BI possesses specialized forensic and cyber-investigation capability needed for transnational cases. D) NBI has exclusive power over cybercrime investigations.
A) Establishing community patrol visibility to deter crime. B) Conducting custodial interrogation. C) Arresting suspects after a robbery D) Prosecuting accused individuals.
A) Inter-agency collaboration and operational efficiency B) Jurisdictional supremacy C) Absolute independence of agencies D) Non-delegation of powers
A) Negligence in preventive regulatory enforcement B) Procedural delay in criminal prosecution C) Overstepping PNP jurisdiction D) Failure in community policing
A) PNP manages prosecutions, while NBI supervises corrections. B) PNP enforces all laws nationwide, while NBI investigates only corruption cases. C) PNP investigates graft, while NBI handles only barangay crimes. D) PNP handles general law enforcement, while NBI focuses on technical, complex, and high-profile investigations.
A) It allows evidence to be freely transferred between agencies. B) It ensures that evidence integrity is preserved for admissibility in court. C) It applies only in NBI laboratories, not in PNP operations. D) It gives judges discretion to disregard rules of evidence.
A) It provides admissible forensic evidence supporting prosecution. B) It allows BFP to automatically prosecute the offender. C) It replaces the need for police investigation D) It grants the BFP jurisdiction over sentencing.
A) Barangay disturbance between neighbors B) Theft in a barangay sari-sari store C) Traffic violations along EDSA D) Syndicated estafa involving high-ranking officials and foreign entities
A) Due process and proper jurisdictional mandate B) Separation of powers C) Judicial independence D) Proportionality in sentencing
A) Prohibiting building permits B) Investigating graft and corruption cases C) Arresting suspects in arson cases D) Enforcing fire safety codes and conducting inspections
A) Mandate over international law enforcement B) Exclusive power over anti-drug operations C) Broader barangay presence and patrol-based deterrence D) Superior cyber-investigation facilities
A) Chain of custody B) Redundancy and lack of inter-agency coordination C) Separation of powers D) Collaborative governance
A) BFP conducts secondary investigation. B) The suspect is automatically acquitted. C) Evidence may be excluded, weakening prosecution. D) PDEA assumes jurisdiction.
A) It provides legal representation for suspects. B) It prevents further police intervention. C) It conducts forensic analysis necessary for criminal liability determination. D) It adjudicates liability of building owners.
A) DOJ B) PDEA C) BFP D) NBI
A) Collaborative governance and complementarity of mandates B) Unity of command C) Overstepping of authority D) Procedural redundancy
A) They supervise prison corrections. B) Their widespread presence allows immediate response and preventive policing. C) They provide legal defense for the accused. D) They control the courts.
A) Nationwide precinct deployment B) Forensic and technical divisions specializing in advanced evidence analysis C) Fire suppression capability D) Barangay patrol assistance
A) Automatic conviction of suspects. B) Media coverage is reduced. C) BFP assumes jurisdiction. D) Evidence handling and prosecution are compromised.
A) It eliminates LGU functions during calamities. B) It prosecutes arsonists directly on behalf of barangays C) Its enforcement of fire codes prevents disasters that could escalate into criminal negligence affecting communities. D) It supervises barangay elections.
A) Prosecutorial discretion B) Legality of arrest and personal liberty C) Efficiency of case disposal D) Integrity of judicial process
A) Police officers lack training in evidence handling B) Courts do not trust police testimony C) Delegation violates separation of powers D) Probable cause is a quasi-judicial function reserved for prosecutors
A) To reduce the workload of judges B) To avoid filing cases based on illegal arrests, which could later be quashed C) To protect prosecutors from liability D) To ensure cases are filed quickly
A) It undermines the rights of the accused and clogs court dockets B) It strengthens police credibility C) It expedites justice delivery D) Courts will automatically convict
A) To delay filing of cases until evidence is complete B) To shift responsibility to defense counsel C) To comply with due process and ensure a balanced evaluation of evidence D) To shorten the prosecutor’s workload
A) File the appropriate information in court without preliminary investigation B) Release the suspect immediately C) Refer the case to the DOJ Secretary D) Wait for the suspect’s motion for bail
A) Defer to the judge for determination B) Dismiss the case outright C) Still establish probable cause based on the totality of evidenc D) Require additional police affidavits only
A) Legislative intent B) Prosecutorial independence C) Judicial discretion D) Police authority in law enforcement
A) Filing a case despite no prima facie evidence to avoid criticism B) Dismissing a complaint due to insufficient probable cause C) Automatically endorsing all complaints to the DOJ Secretary D) Leaving evidence evaluation to the judge
A) Conviction due to presumption of regularity B) Mistrial C) Acquittal or dismissal due to exclusionary rule D) Automatic appeal to DOJ
A) They decide on guilt or innocence B) They approve police promotions C) They supervise correctional facilities D) They determine which cases merit judicial trial through preliminary investigation
A) Suspend proceedings until further evidence is gathered B) Order the suspect’s immediate release C) Endorse the case to the Ombudsman D) File the case anyway and let the court decide
A) Courts demand police neutrality B) Police may exaggerate findings C) DOJ circulars prohibit it D) The Constitution requires independent and impartial evaluation of evidence
A) By dismissing all weak cases regardless of evidence B) By automatically recommending bail C) By conducting speedy trials D) By ensuring probable cause exists before a person is haled into court
A) Inquest is optional, while preliminary investigation is mandatory B) Inquest is conducted only after conviction C) Inquest determines validity of warrantless arrests, while preliminary D) Both serve only as police procedures
A) Right to free counsel B) Right against double jeopardy C) Right to equal protection D) Right to speedy disposition of cases
A) Evidence will be considered waived B) The case will automatically be dismissed C) The case proceeds unaffected D) Accused may question the prosecutor’s action via certiorari for denial of due process
A) Inquisitorial principle B) Res judicata C) Adversarial principle D) Probable cause requirement
A) Such evidence as would lead a reasonably prudent person to believe a crime was committed B) Substantial evidence C) Proof beyond reasonable doubt D) Mere suspicion or belief
A) Right to bail B) Right to equal protection of the laws C) Right to due process D) Right against double jeopardy
A) It primarily serves as a trial court for criminal cases. B) It only hears cases endorsed by the President. C) It directly hears all cases filed by the public without restriction D) It exercises appellate jurisdiction and has the power of judicial review over all lower courts.
A) To limit the number of lawyers who can appear in trial courts. B) To ensure orderly administration of justice and prevent forum shopping. C) To expand the power of barangay courts. D) To allow parties to skip lower courts for faster results.
A) Court of Appeals B) Municipal Trial Court (MTC) C) Sandiganbayan D) Regional Trial Court (RTC)
A) RTCs only handle barangay-level disputes, while Sandiganbayan hears all national cases. B) Sandiganbayan handles cases involving public officials, while RTCs handle general criminal and civil cases. C) Both share identical jurisdictions. D) Both A and C
A) Petitions should generally be filed in the lowest court with concurrent jurisdiction. B) Parties are free to choose any court. C) Petitions must always be filed first in the Supreme Court. D) Petitions must always be filed first in the Supreme Court.
A) Graft and corruption by a provincial governor B) Family disputes involving annulment. C) Estafa committed by a private individual. D) Cybercrime by a private company.
A) Principle of Judicial Economy B) Principle of Judicial Hierarchy C) Principle of Judicial Activism D) Principle of Collegiality
A) Supreme Court B) Court of Appeals C) Regional Trial Court D) Municipal Trial Court
A) It acts as an appellate court reviewing decisions of RTCs and quasi-judicial agencies. B) It enforces laws passed by Congress. C) It directly tries barangay disputes. D) It serves as the first-level trial court for minor offenses.
A) Court of Appeals B) Municipal Trial Court C) Regional Trial Court D) Sandiganbayan
A) They try less serious offenses and small claims to decongest higher courts. B) They serve as administrative bodies only. C) They handle the heaviest caseload in the system. D) They have the same power as the Supreme Court.
A) Violation of traffic rules B) Murder C) Barangay conciliation disputes D) Theft involving ₱5,000
A) Doctrine of Stare Decisis B) Doctrine of Judicial Review C) Doctrine of Hierarchy of Courts D) Doctrine of Judicial Restraint
A) Because it handles electoral disputes. B) Because it handles marriage annulments. C) Because it focuses on crimes involving graft and corruption by public officials. D) Because it hears all appeals from the RTC.
A) When the RTC is unavailable due to vacancy. B) When barangay officials decline to mediate. C) When an MTC judge is absent. D) When there are novel constitutional issues of transcendental importance.
A) The Court of Appeals acts as an intermediate appellate body whose decisions are reviewable by the Supreme Court. B) The Court of Appeals has no appellate power at all. C) The Supreme Court directly supervises case raffling in the Court of Appeals. D) The Supreme Court can only review CA cases involving traffic violations.
A) Appealing an RTC decision to the Court of Appeals. B) Elevating a CA decision to the Supreme Court for review. C) Filing a small claims case in an MTC. D) Filing a petition for certiorari directly with the Supreme Court despite available remedies in the Court of Appeals.
A) Criminal cases involving Muslims B) Civil cases relating to marriage, divorce, and inheritance among Muslims C) All cases in Mindanao D) All graft cases committed in Muslim areas
A) Regional Trial Court B) Sandiganbayan C) Court of Appeals D) Supreme Court
A) Municipal Trial Court B) Sandiganbayan C) Court of Appeals D) Regional Trial Court
A) Retribution B) Human rights protection C) Administrative convenience D) Expediency
A) Nature of detainees’ custody B) Jurisdictional funding C) Size of facilities D) Geographic scope
A) To reduce congestion only B) To assign custody to the proper agency C) To punish detainees further D) To delay enforcement of judgment
A) Crime investigation B) Reformation programs C) Issuing warrants D) Maintaining jails
A) Right to speedy trial B) Right to bail C) Right against cruel punishment D) Right to property
A) Judicial oversight B) Jurisdictional custody C) Prosecutorial lapse D) Administrative error
A) Delay reintegration B) Manage risks and rehabilitation C) Reduce costs D) Punish more severely
A) Funding allocation B) Distinction between local jails and national prisons C) Geographic scope D) Political mandate
A) Handling warrants B) Administrative budgeting C) Managing short-term detainees D) Lack of rehabilitation for long-term detainees
A) They replace judicial proceedings B) They reduce recidivism C) They reduce jail congestion D) They provide employment to jail staff
A) Corrections B) Judiciary C) Prosecution D) Law enforcement
A) Excessive budgets B) Political interference C) National classification D) Overcrowding
A) Humanitarian function of jails B) Judicial oversight C) Prosecutorial support D) Sentencing
A) Courts automatically release parolees B) Prisoners eligible for release are under BuCor custody C) Prosecutors direct parole decisions D) BJMP manages parolee monitoring
A) To increase BJMP budget B) To delay transfer of convicts C) To punish detainees twice D) To ensure proper transfer of custody
A) Deterrence B) Reformation C) Retribution D) Isolation
A) Drafting laws B) Conducting criminal investigations C) Issuing arrest warrants D) Safeguarding detainees’ right to attend trial
A) Professionalization and rehabilitation B) Expansion of local jails C) Political independence D) Privatization
A) Violence and security breaches B) Faster reintegration C) Judicial appeals D) Higher operational costs
A) Duplication of parole power B) Lack of judicial authority C) Overcrowding D) Geographic limitation
A) They both issue arrest warrants B) They divide custody between temporary detention and long-term imprisonment C) They both adjudicate disputes D) They both prosecute criminal cases
A) Post-release monitoring and livelihood suppor B) Managing trial schedules C) Supervising prosecutors D) Issuing criminal warrants
A) BuCor refuses custody B) Court orders override rules C) DOJ lacks authority D) BJMP handles sentences below 3 years
A) Ensure longer detention B) Reduce state expenses C) Increase judicial backlog D) Facilitate rehabilitation and reintegration
A) Courts control BJMP B) BuCor has exclusive authority C) Detainees are presumed innocent D) BJMP lacks resources
A) It allows parties to choose the fastest court. B) It ensures that all courts have equal power. C) It prevents overburdening of higher courts by routing cases first to proper trial D) It abolishes trial courts in favor of the Supreme Court.
A) To avoid the Court of Appeals’ role. B) To directly handle barangay disputes. C) To reduce the power of trial courts. D) To ensure flexibility in resolving cases of national significance.
A) Jurisdiction is strictly defined by statute and cannot be assumed at will B) Jurisdiction of a court depends only on the agreement of the parties C) Courts may expand their own jurisdiction when necessary. D) Jurisdiction can be granted by barangay officials.
A) An annulment case filed before the Sandiganbayan. B) A small claims case exceeding ₱1,000,000 filed before the MTC. C) A murder case filed before the RTC. D) A graft case against a mayor filed before the MTC.
A) They determine guilt or innocence based on evidence presented B) They create laws for implementation. C) They exercise only appellate functions. D) They act as advisory bodies to the President.
A) Supervising barangay justice systems B) Implementing the National Anti-Drug Plan of Action and leading drug enforcement policy C) Managing correctional rehabilitation centers D) Handling cybercrimes independently
A) To create uniform operational knowledge and enhance coordination in joint operations B) To reduce agency manpower C) To centralize all powers in one body D) To replace judicial oversight
A) Lack of PDEA authority B) Influence of the suspects C) Possible recurring lapses in evidence handling and procedure D) Judges’ impartiality
A) It determines guilt or innocence. B) It enforces the law, gathers evidence, and initiates case build-up for prosecution. C) It supervises post-conviction reintegration. D) It rehabilitates offenders.
A) Procedural redundancy B) Failure of preventive function leading to potential criminal negligence C) Overstepping PNP jurisdiction D) Failure in custodial investigation
A) Judicial trial is conducted only by prosecutors B) Preliminary investigation already decides guilt or innocence C) Preliminary investigation is inquisitorial, focusing only on existence of probable cause D) Preliminary investigation requires proof beyond reasonable doubt
A) It relieves prosecutors of accountability B) It centralizes police power in the DOJ C) It ensures national consistency and prevents abuse of discretion D) It allows judges to review every complaint
A) Ordering release due to lack of evidence B) Dismissing a case due to absence of probable cause C) Filing a case without verifying legality of arrest D) Referring the case to higher prosecutors for review
A) Respondent cannot be charged unless reversed on review B) Court may still conduct trial C) Police may refile the same case without additional evidence D) Case is automatically filed in court
A) They ensure all police cases proceed to trial B) They balance the rights of the State to prosecute and the rights of the accused to due process C) They lead all criminal investigations D) They determine penalties imposed by courts |