- 1. Albert Einstein, one of the most profound physicists in history, revolutionized our understanding of light and matter through his groundbreaking theories in the early 20th century. His work introduced the concept of light quanta, later known as photons, depicting light not merely as a wave but as a stream of discrete packets of energy. This notion was essential in explaining the photoelectric effect, where light shining on a material can eject electrons, a phenomenon that classical wave theories struggled to elucidate. This discovery not only confirmed the particle-like properties of light but also led to the development of quantum mechanics, fundamentally altering our comprehension of the atomic world. Einstein's insights into chemical bonding and atomic structure illuminated how atoms interact through electromagnetic forces, allowing for the creation of matter as we know it. His contributions underscored the dual nature of light—a particle and a wave—showing that the universe operates on principles beyond classical physics, paving the way for innovations that would define modern physics and technology, from lasers to semiconductors.
Who is known for the theory of relativity?
A) Albert Einstein
B) Nikola Tesla
C) Isaac Newton
D) Galileo Galilei
- 2. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
A) 100,000,000 meters per second
B) 299,792,458 meters per second
C) 500,000,000 meters per second
D) 150,000 meters per second
- 3. What does E=mc2 represent?
A) Velocity formula
B) Electromagnetic wave equation
C) Atomic structure
D) Equivalence of mass and energy
- 4. Which experiment demonstrated the wave-particle duality of light?
A) Compton scattering
B) Stern-Gerlach experiment
C) Michelson-Morley experiment
D) Double-slit experiment
- 5. Who formulated the uncertainty principle?
A) Werner Heisenberg
B) Niels Bohr
C) Erwin Schrödinger
D) Max Planck
A) A fundamental particle of light
B) A type of quark
C) A unit of magnetic field
D) An electron neutrino
- 7. In the photoelectric effect, what happens when light hits a metal surface?
A) The metal expands
B) The metal changes color
C) Electrons are ejected from the metal
D) The metal heats up
- 8. Which property of light can be explained using photon theory?
A) Diffraction
B) Photoelectric effect
C) Interference
D) Polarization
- 9. What is the term for the smallest unit of light?
A) Photon
B) Neutrino
C) Boson
D) Quark
- 10. What are the energy levels in an atom where electrons can exist called?
A) Neutrons
B) Shells
C) Orbitals
D) Protons
- 11. Who was the first physicist to propose the existence of quantized energy levels in atoms?
A) Werner Heisenberg
B) Niels Bohr
C) Erwin Schrödinger
D) Louis de Broglie
- 12. What happens in quantum superposition?
A) Particles are entangled at a distance
B) Particles exhibit wave-particle duality
C) State decays to a single possibility
D) State of a system is a combination of multiple states simultaneously
- 13. What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle in atomic physics?
A) No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers
B) Electrons attract protons
C) Electrons have fixed trajectories
D) Electrons repel each other
- 14. Which property of light is used in calculating the energy of a photon?
A) Frequency
B) Amplitude
C) Speed
D) Wavelength
- 15. Who proposed the wave-particle duality principle?
A) Werner Heisenberg
B) Max Planck
C) Erwin Schrödinger
D) Louis de Broglie
- 16. In which year did Albert Einstein receive the Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect?
A) 1915
B) 1931
C) 1921
D) 1905
|