- 1. Surrealism is a cultural and artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by its exploration of the unconscious mind, dream imagery, and juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated elements. Influenced by the ideas of psychoanalysis and the writings of Sigmund Freud, Surrealists sought to express the irrational and the dreamlike in their works. Artists like Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, and Joan Miro are among the most well-known proponents of Surrealism, creating paintings, sculptures, and writings that challenge conventional notions of reality and explore the depths of imagination.
Who is considered the founder of Surrealism?
A) René Magritte
B) André Breton
C) Pablo Picasso
D) Salvador Dalí
- 2. Which city is often associated with the birth of Surrealism?
A) Paris
B) New York
C) Madrid
D) Berlin
- 3. Surrealist artists were influenced by the work of which psychologist?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Ivan Pavlov
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Carl Jung
- 4. Which surrealist artist is known for his melting clocks in 'The Persistence of Memory'?
A) Joan Miró
B) Marc Chagall
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Man Ray
- 5. Whose works often feature eerie, dreamlike scenes with bowler-hatted men?
A) Frida Kahlo
B) Marcel Duchamp
C) René Magritte
D) Max Ernst
- 6. Which female artist was associated with Surrealism and known for her self-portraits?
A) Louise Bourgeois
B) Dorothea Tanning
C) Georgia O'Keeffe
D) Frida Kahlo
- 7. What is the title of a famous Surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí?
A) The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
B) Un Chien Andalou
C) The Seventh Seal
D) Metropolis
- 8. What was the name of the Surrealist journal founded by André Breton?
A) Dreamscape Gazette
B) The Surrealist Times
C) Surrealistic Quarterly
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 9. Which Surrealist artist was known for her contributions to the Surrealist movement through her writing and art?
A) Leonora Carrington
B) Kay Sage
C) Dorothea Tanning
D) Lee Miller
- 10. What animal is prominently depicted in Salvador Dali's works as a symbol?
A) Lion
B) Goose
C) Elephant
D) Rabbit
- 11. What art movement influenced Surrealism with its rejection of reason and embrace of chaos?
A) Impressionism
B) Dadaism
C) Pop Art
D) Cubism
- 12. Which Surrealist artist was also a known filmmaker, creating 'Un Chien Andalou'?
A) Luis Buñuel
B) Leonora Carrington
C) Paul Delvaux
D) Remedios Varo
- 13. What is the term for the practice of expressing the content of the unconscious mind without conscious control?
A) Pointillism
B) Impressionism
C) Automatic Writing
D) Abstract Expressionism
- 14. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Surrealist art?
A) Automatism
B) Absurdity
C) Realism
D) Dream-like imagery
- 15. Who coined the term 'Surrealism' in his 1917 play 'Les Mamelles de Tirésias'?
A) Marcel Duchamp
B) Hugo Ball
C) Tristan Tzara
D) Guillaume Apollinaire
- 16. Surrealism sought to unlock the power of the ______ mind.
A) Rational
B) Conscious
C) Subconscious
D) Intellectual
- 17. In which year did Guillaume Apollinaire first use the term 'surrealism'?
A) 1924
B) 1917
C) 1903
D) 1918
- 18. Which ballet was described as 'surrealistic' by Guillaume Apollinaire?
A) Parade
B) La Révolution surréaliste
C) The Magnetic Fields
D) Les Mamelles de Tirésias
- 19. What did André Breton aim to resolve through Surrealism?
A) The previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality
B) The conflict between art and science
C) The separation of literature and visual arts
D) The differences between various artistic movements
- 20. Which movement influenced Surrealism before its official establishment?
A) Futurism
B) Impressionism
C) Cubism
D) Dada
- 21. What was André Breton's profession during World War I?
A) Music
B) Painting
C) Literature
D) Medicine and psychiatry
- 22. Which essay by Pierre Reverdy influenced Breton's idea of startling juxtapositions?
A) A 1918 essay on the relationship between two distant realities
B) A manifesto on Dadaism
C) An essay on the principles of Cubism
D) A treatise on Impressionist techniques
- 23. Which philosophical dialectic did Surrealists incorporate into their philosophy?
A) Platonic Dialectic
B) Socratic Dialectic
C) Hegelian Dialectic
D) Aristotelian Dialectic
- 24. Which political ideologies did Surrealists align with at various times?
A) Liberalism and conservatism
B) Monarchism and theocracy
C) Communism and anarchism
D) Fascism and nationalism
- 25. What was the main aim of Surrealism according to André Breton?
A) To create purely aesthetic art
B) To promote religious themes in art
C) To merge science with art
D) Long live the social revolution, and it alone!
- 26. What was the purpose of combining elements not normally found together in Surrealist works?
A) To create realistic depictions
B) To achieve harmony and balance
C) To follow traditional artistic norms
D) To produce illogical and startling effects
- 27. Who published the Manifeste du surréalisme on 1 October 1924?
A) Yvan Goll
B) Tristan Tzara
C) André Breton
D) Francis Picabia
- 28. What event marked the clash between Yvan Goll and André Breton?
A) A public lecture on surrealism
B) A joint publication of their manifestos
C) A debate at a surrealist conference
D) A literal fight at the Comédie des Champs-Élysées
- 29. Which technique was initially doubted by André Breton for its usefulness in the Surrealist movement?
A) Frottage
B) Visual arts
C) Decalcomania
D) Automatic drawing
- 30. In which year did an autonomous Surrealist group form in Brussels?
A) 1927
B) 1925
C) 1930
D) 1923
- 31. Who among the following artists was not considered a central figure in joining the Surrealist movement despite admiration from Breton?
A) Pablo Picasso
B) Joan Miró
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Max Ernst
- 32. Which of the following techniques was discovered and contributed to overcoming Breton's caution about visual arts?
A) Photomontage
B) Collaborative drawing games
C) Automatic writing
D) Frottage
- 33. Which Surrealist artist left the movement in 1928?
A) Giorgio de Chirico
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Joan Miró
D) Max Ernst
- 34. What is the title of Giacometti's work from 1925 that marked his movement to simplified forms?
A) The Nostalgia of the Poet
B) Torso
C) La Tour Rouge
D) Little Machine Constructed by Minimax Dadamax in Person
- 35. Which artist's 1927 work, The Kiss, is noted for its direct presentation of an erotic act?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Giorgio de Chirico
C) Max Ernst
D) Joan Miró
- 36. Which year marked the first application of Surrealism to painting by Miró and Masson?
A) 1924
B) 1927
C) 1925
D) 1926
- 37. What was the first work written and published by André Breton's group of Surrealists?
A) Death to the Pigs
B) Les Champs Magnétiques (May–June 1919)
C) Irene's Cunt
D) Le Pèse-Nerfs
- 38. Which magazine contained automatist works and accounts of dreams?
A) Littérature
B) Sur la route de San Romano
C) Les Chants de Maldoror
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 39. Which Surrealist group is based in Leeds?
A) Chicago Surrealist Group
B) Leeds Surrealist Group
C) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
D) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
- 40. Who was inspired by the revolutionary voice in Surrealist poetry and mentioned Breton and Artaud's inspiration from Mexico?
A) Miguel Ángel Asturias
B) Carlos Fuentes
C) Gabriel García Márquez
D) Julio Cortázar
- 41. Which Surrealist concept is described as dialectical?
A) Its inherent dynamic
B) Its commercial appeal
C) Its static nature
D) Its focus on realism
- 42. Which Surrealist artist's work was influenced by biomorphic figures?
A) Arshile Gorky
B) Robert Motherwell
C) Mark Rothko
D) Jackson Pollock
- 43. Which playwright claimed André Breton was one of the most important thinkers in history?
A) Fernando Arrabal
B) Samuel Beckett
C) Arthur Adamov
D) Eugène Ionesco
- 44. Which city hosted the London International Surrealist Exhibition organized by Herbert Read?
A) Birmingham
B) New York
C) London
D) Paris
- 45. What was the theme of the international survey exhibition organized by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Tate Modern in 2021–2022?
A) Desire Unbound
B) The Persistence of Memory
C) Surrealism Beyond Borders
D) Two Private Eyes
- 46. Who disbanded the original Paris Surrealist Group in 1969?
A) André Breton
B) Jean Schuster
C) Martin Esslin
D) Henry Threadgill
- 47. Who was expelled from the Surrealist movement but remained close to its ideas?
A) Roberto Matta
B) Salvador Dalí
C) André Breton
D) Max Ernst
- 48. Which composer's work was described as being drawn from a dream sequence?
A) Bohuslav Martinů
B) Edgard Varèse
C) André Souris
D) Francis Poulenc
- 49. Which element was introduced into Surrealism due to the involvement of visual artists?
A) Traditional painting
B) Automatic writing
C) Collage
D) Realistic depiction
- 50. Which city hosted the 'Desire Unbound' exhibition in 2002?
A) Paris
B) London
C) New York City
D) Berlin
- 51. Which postmodern novelist experimented with startling juxtapositions since the 1960s?
A) Thomas Pynchon
B) John Barth
C) Kurt Vonnegut
D) Don DeLillo
- 52. What was the name of Salvador Dalí's installation at the 1938 Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme?
A) Metamorphosis of Narcissus
B) Persistence of Memory
C) The Elephants
D) Rainy Taxi
- 53. Who authored '1919–1950: The politics of Surrealism'?
A) Maev Kennedy
B) Alan Gullette
C) Nick Heath
D) Franklin Rosemont
- 54. Who did Breton shelter while he was in hiding?
A) Aragon
B) Bataille
C) Dalí
D) Fontenis
- 55. Which organization did Breton support that was transformed into the Fédération Communiste Libertaire?
A) French Communist Party
B) Antifascist Committees
C) Francophone Anarchist Federation
D) Fédération anarchiste
- 56. Which literary movement was significantly influenced by Surrealism in the latter half of the 20th century?
A) Postmodernism
B) Victorian Literature
C) Naturalism
D) Romanticism
- 57. What technique did Wolfgang Paalen contribute to Surrealism?
A) Assemblage
B) Collage
C) Coulage
D) Fumage
- 58. Who among the following was not cited as an influence on Surrealist artists?
A) Marquis de Sade
B) Plato
C) Hieronymus Bosch
D) Dante
- 59. Which filmmaker was regarded as a surrealist and quoted in relation to his show 'Twin Peaks'?
A) Quentin Tarantino
B) Stanley Kubrick
C) David Lynch
D) Martin Scorsese
- 60. Which postmodern novelist translated Surrealist poetry and found the Surrealists to be a 'real discovery'?
A) Paul Auster
B) Don DeLillo
C) Thomas Pynchon
D) Kurt Vonnegut
- 61. Which Surrealist group is based in Stockholm?
A) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
B) Leeds Surrealist Group
C) Chicago Surrealist Group
D) Peculiar Mormyrid
- 62. Which Surrealist photographer was expelled from the movement due to political differences?
A) Dora Maar
B) Brassaï
C) Man Ray
D) Emiel van Moerkerken
- 63. Which Magic Realist writer criticized Surrealism's delineation between real and unreal?
A) Mario Vargas Llosa
B) Isabel Allende
C) Gabriel García Márquez
D) Alejo Carpentier
- 64. Which surrealist film released in December 1930 had a regenerative effect on the movement?
A) Un Chien Andalou
B) Ballet Mécanique
C) L'Age d'Or
D) La Coquille et le Clergyman
- 65. Who translated much of the Surrealist poetry into English?
A) Samuel Beckett
B) Arthur Adamov
C) Fernando Arrabal
D) Eugène Ionesco
- 66. Which artist's work is often claimed as a precursor to Surrealism?
A) Hieronymus Bosch
B) Samuel Beckett
C) Eugène Ionesco
D) Henry Threadgill
- 67. Which American art collector married Max Ernst and promoted Surrealist artists?
A) Georgia O'Keeffe
B) Louise Bourgeois
C) Marianne Moore
D) Peggy Guggenheim
- 68. Who wrote about the theory and techniques of Surrealist poetry in an archived document?
A) Rob Jackaman
B) C. J. Holcombe
C) Alan Gullette
D) Aimé Césaire
- 69. Who was critical of and distanced himself from Surrealism during the 1960s?
A) Asger Jorn
B) Joan Miró
C) Guy Debord
D) Waldemar Fydrych
- 70. Which publication discusses Herbert Marcuse's connection to Surrealism?
A) Surrealism Reviewed
B) Arsenal vol. 4
C) Libcom.org
D) The Guardian
- 71. Which Beat Generation writer was influenced by Artaud's 'Van Gogh – The Man Suicided by Society'?
A) Gregory Corso
B) Allen Ginsberg
C) Bob Kaufman
D) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
- 72. Which group was more attached to both Surrealism and the Situationist International?
A) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
B) Leeds Surrealist Group
C) Peculiar Mormyrid
D) Chicago Surrealist Group
- 73. Who continues to make films and experiment with objects as part of the Czech-Slovak Surrealists?
A) Guy Debord
B) Jan Švankmajer
C) Waldemar Fydrych
D) Asger Jorn
- 74. Which magazine did André Breton co-found in the United States during WWII?
A) View
B) Dyn
C) VVV
D) The Clean Handkerchief
- 75. Which journal has been published by the Group of Czech-Slovak Surrealists for almost 100 volumes?
A) Surrealist Poetry
B) Analogon
C) The Theatre of Cruelty
D) Alcheringa
- 76. Which Surrealist idea spread to North America and South America in the 1930s?
A) Dadaism
B) Cubism
C) Political change
D) Artistic practices
- 77. What technique did William S. Burroughs develop with Brion Gysin?
A) Stream of consciousness
B) Free association
C) The cut-up technique
D) Automatic writing
- 78. In which city did Alice Farley become active during the 1970s?
A) New York
B) Paris
C) San Francisco
D) Chicago
- 79. Which Surrealist composer wrote the opera 'La Petite Sirène'?
A) György Ligeti
B) Mauricio Kagel
C) Germaine Tailleferre
D) Pierre Boulez
- 80. Which Beat Generation writer cut off Marcel Duchamp's tie?
A) Gregory Corso
B) Bob Kaufman
C) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
D) Allen Ginsberg
- 81. What aspect does Alice Farley explore in her dance performances?
A) Improvisation
B) Surrealism
C) Costuming
D) Collaboration
- 82. Which Surrealist film was completed by Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2003?
A) L'Âge d'Or
B) Destino
C) The Blood of a Poet
D) Un Chien Andalou
- 83. Which Surrealist magazine prepared a schism between art and politics?
A) DYN
B) Tropiques
C) Bureau of Surrealist Research
D) Adieu Marie
- 84. Which critic grouped playwrights into the 'Theatre of the Absurd'?
A) Henry Threadgill
B) Martin Esslin
C) Franklin Rosemont
D) André Breton
- 85. Who was known as 'Major' in the Orange Alternative movement?
A) Asger Jorn
B) Guy Debord
C) Joan Miró
D) Waldemar Fydrych
- 86. What was the purpose of 'convulsive joining' in Surrealism?
A) To depict historical events
B) To create realistic art
C) To organize thoughts clearly
D) A tool for revelation
- 87. What journal has the current Surrealist Group of Paris recently published a new issue for?
A) Alcheringa
B) Manifesto of Surrealism
C) Analogon
D) The Theatre of the Absurd
- 88. Which Surrealist photographer was also known for their work in Japan?
A) Man Ray
B) Brassaï
C) Dora Maar
D) Kansuke Yamamoto
- 89. In which year did André Breton write about surrealism recognizing itself in anarchism?
A) 1968
B) 1945
C) 1952
D) 1939
- 90. Which artist is called the 'father of Surrealism' by Salvador Dalí?
A) André Breton
B) Giuseppe Arcimboldo
C) Hieronymus Bosch
D) Joos de Momper
- 91. Which American-born artist is known for using vivid and elaborate costuming in dance?
A) Samuel Beckett
B) Alice Farley
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Eugène Ionesco
- 92. Which Surrealist work was published in 1926?
A) Irene's Cunt by Aragon
B) Mr. Knife Miss Fork by Crevel
C) Death to the Pigs by Péret
D) Le Pèse-Nerfs by Artaud
- 93. Which surrealist periodical, edited by Georges Bataille, ended in 1931?
A) Documents
B) La Révolution surréaliste
C) Un Cadavre
D) Le Surréalisme au Service de la Révolution
- 94. Which movement is Afro-Surrealism primarily associated with?
A) Latin America
B) Asia
C) The African diaspora
D) Western Europe
- 95. Which Surrealist group was founded in Chile in 1938?
A) Bureau of Surrealist Research
B) Mandrágora
C) Tropiques
D) Association des Ecrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires
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