- 1. Surrealism is a cultural and artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by its exploration of the unconscious mind, dream imagery, and juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated elements. Influenced by the ideas of psychoanalysis and the writings of Sigmund Freud, Surrealists sought to express the irrational and the dreamlike in their works. Artists like Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, and Joan Miro are among the most well-known proponents of Surrealism, creating paintings, sculptures, and writings that challenge conventional notions of reality and explore the depths of imagination.
Who is considered the founder of Surrealism?
A) André Breton
B) René Magritte
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Pablo Picasso
- 2. Which city is often associated with the birth of Surrealism?
A) Madrid
B) New York
C) Berlin
D) Paris
- 3. Surrealist artists were influenced by the work of which psychologist?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Carl Jung
D) Ivan Pavlov
- 4. Which surrealist artist is known for his melting clocks in 'The Persistence of Memory'?
A) Man Ray
B) Joan Miró
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Marc Chagall
- 5. Whose works often feature eerie, dreamlike scenes with bowler-hatted men?
A) René Magritte
B) Frida Kahlo
C) Marcel Duchamp
D) Max Ernst
- 6. Which female artist was associated with Surrealism and known for her self-portraits?
A) Louise Bourgeois
B) Georgia O'Keeffe
C) Frida Kahlo
D) Dorothea Tanning
- 7. What is the title of a famous Surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí?
A) Metropolis
B) The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
C) The Seventh Seal
D) Un Chien Andalou
- 8. What was the name of the Surrealist journal founded by André Breton?
A) Surrealistic Quarterly
B) The Surrealist Times
C) Dreamscape Gazette
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 9. Which Surrealist artist was known for her contributions to the Surrealist movement through her writing and art?
A) Kay Sage
B) Lee Miller
C) Dorothea Tanning
D) Leonora Carrington
- 10. What animal is prominently depicted in Salvador Dali's works as a symbol?
A) Rabbit
B) Goose
C) Elephant
D) Lion
- 11. What art movement influenced Surrealism with its rejection of reason and embrace of chaos?
A) Dadaism
B) Impressionism
C) Cubism
D) Pop Art
- 12. Which Surrealist artist was also a known filmmaker, creating 'Un Chien Andalou'?
A) Paul Delvaux
B) Luis Buñuel
C) Remedios Varo
D) Leonora Carrington
- 13. What is the term for the practice of expressing the content of the unconscious mind without conscious control?
A) Impressionism
B) Pointillism
C) Abstract Expressionism
D) Automatic Writing
- 14. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Surrealist art?
A) Dream-like imagery
B) Realism
C) Automatism
D) Absurdity
- 15. Who coined the term 'Surrealism' in his 1917 play 'Les Mamelles de Tirésias'?
A) Guillaume Apollinaire
B) Tristan Tzara
C) Marcel Duchamp
D) Hugo Ball
- 16. Surrealism sought to unlock the power of the ______ mind.
A) Intellectual
B) Conscious
C) Rational
D) Subconscious
- 17. In which year did Guillaume Apollinaire first use the term 'surrealism'?
A) 1924
B) 1917
C) 1918
D) 1903
- 18. Which ballet was described as 'surrealistic' by Guillaume Apollinaire?
A) The Magnetic Fields
B) Les Mamelles de Tirésias
C) La Révolution surréaliste
D) Parade
- 19. What did André Breton aim to resolve through Surrealism?
A) The conflict between art and science
B) The previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality
C) The separation of literature and visual arts
D) The differences between various artistic movements
- 20. Which movement influenced Surrealism before its official establishment?
A) Cubism
B) Futurism
C) Dada
D) Impressionism
- 21. What was André Breton's profession during World War I?
A) Literature
B) Medicine and psychiatry
C) Painting
D) Music
- 22. Which essay by Pierre Reverdy influenced Breton's idea of startling juxtapositions?
A) An essay on the principles of Cubism
B) A treatise on Impressionist techniques
C) A 1918 essay on the relationship between two distant realities
D) A manifesto on Dadaism
- 23. Which philosophical dialectic did Surrealists incorporate into their philosophy?
A) Aristotelian Dialectic
B) Platonic Dialectic
C) Socratic Dialectic
D) Hegelian Dialectic
- 24. Which political ideologies did Surrealists align with at various times?
A) Communism and anarchism
B) Fascism and nationalism
C) Monarchism and theocracy
D) Liberalism and conservatism
- 25. What was the main aim of Surrealism according to André Breton?
A) Long live the social revolution, and it alone!
B) To promote religious themes in art
C) To merge science with art
D) To create purely aesthetic art
- 26. What was the purpose of combining elements not normally found together in Surrealist works?
A) To create realistic depictions
B) To achieve harmony and balance
C) To produce illogical and startling effects
D) To follow traditional artistic norms
- 27. Who published the Manifeste du surréalisme on 1 October 1924?
A) Tristan Tzara
B) André Breton
C) Francis Picabia
D) Yvan Goll
- 28. What event marked the clash between Yvan Goll and André Breton?
A) A public lecture on surrealism
B) A debate at a surrealist conference
C) A joint publication of their manifestos
D) A literal fight at the Comédie des Champs-Élysées
- 29. Which technique was initially doubted by André Breton for its usefulness in the Surrealist movement?
A) Frottage
B) Automatic drawing
C) Visual arts
D) Decalcomania
- 30. In which year did an autonomous Surrealist group form in Brussels?
A) 1925
B) 1927
C) 1923
D) 1930
- 31. Who among the following artists was not considered a central figure in joining the Surrealist movement despite admiration from Breton?
A) Joan Miró
B) Pablo Picasso
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Max Ernst
- 32. Which of the following techniques was discovered and contributed to overcoming Breton's caution about visual arts?
A) Frottage
B) Photomontage
C) Automatic writing
D) Collaborative drawing games
- 33. Which Surrealist artist left the movement in 1928?
A) Joan Miró
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Max Ernst
D) Giorgio de Chirico
- 34. What is the title of Giacometti's work from 1925 that marked his movement to simplified forms?
A) Torso
B) Little Machine Constructed by Minimax Dadamax in Person
C) The Nostalgia of the Poet
D) La Tour Rouge
- 35. Which artist's 1927 work, The Kiss, is noted for its direct presentation of an erotic act?
A) Joan Miró
B) Max Ernst
C) Giorgio de Chirico
D) Salvador Dalí
- 36. Which year marked the first application of Surrealism to painting by Miró and Masson?
A) 1927
B) 1924
C) 1925
D) 1926
- 37. What was the first work written and published by André Breton's group of Surrealists?
A) Irene's Cunt
B) Le Pèse-Nerfs
C) Les Champs Magnétiques (May–June 1919)
D) Death to the Pigs
- 38. Which magazine contained automatist works and accounts of dreams?
A) Littérature
B) Sur la route de San Romano
C) Les Chants de Maldoror
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 39. Which element was introduced into Surrealism due to the involvement of visual artists?
A) Automatic writing
B) Realistic depiction
C) Traditional painting
D) Collage
- 40. Which Surrealist work was published in 1926?
A) Le Pèse-Nerfs by Artaud
B) Irene's Cunt by Aragon
C) Death to the Pigs by Péret
D) Mr. Knife Miss Fork by Crevel
- 41. What was the purpose of 'convulsive joining' in Surrealism?
A) To organize thoughts clearly
B) To create realistic art
C) To depict historical events
D) A tool for revelation
- 42. Which Surrealist photographer was also known for their work in Japan?
A) Dora Maar
B) Kansuke Yamamoto
C) Man Ray
D) Brassaï
- 43. Which composer's work was described as being drawn from a dream sequence?
A) Bohuslav Martinů
B) Francis Poulenc
C) Edgard Varèse
D) André Souris
- 44. Which Surrealist composer wrote the opera 'La Petite Sirène'?
A) Mauricio Kagel
B) György Ligeti
C) Germaine Tailleferre
D) Pierre Boulez
- 45. Which Surrealist photographer was expelled from the movement due to political differences?
A) Emiel van Moerkerken
B) Dora Maar
C) Man Ray
D) Brassaï
- 46. Which Surrealist idea spread to North America and South America in the 1930s?
A) Political change
B) Dadaism
C) Cubism
D) Artistic practices
- 47. Which Surrealist group was founded in Chile in 1938?
A) Tropiques
B) Association des Ecrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires
C) Bureau of Surrealist Research
D) Mandrágora
- 48. Which Surrealist film was completed by Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2003?
A) L'Âge d'Or
B) Destino
C) Un Chien Andalou
D) The Blood of a Poet
- 49. Which Surrealist magazine prepared a schism between art and politics?
A) Adieu Marie
B) DYN
C) Bureau of Surrealist Research
D) Tropiques
- 50. Which surrealist film released in December 1930 had a regenerative effect on the movement?
A) Ballet Mécanique
B) La Coquille et le Clergyman
C) L'Age d'Or
D) Un Chien Andalou
- 51. Which surrealist periodical, edited by Georges Bataille, ended in 1931?
A) Documents
B) Le Surréalisme au Service de la Révolution
C) La Révolution surréaliste
D) Un Cadavre
- 52. In which year did André Breton write about surrealism recognizing itself in anarchism?
A) 1968
B) 1939
C) 1945
D) 1952
- 53. Which organization did Breton support that was transformed into the Fédération Communiste Libertaire?
A) Antifascist Committees
B) French Communist Party
C) Fédération anarchiste
D) Francophone Anarchist Federation
- 54. Who did Breton shelter while he was in hiding?
A) Bataille
B) Aragon
C) Dalí
D) Fontenis
- 55. Which city hosted the London International Surrealist Exhibition organized by Herbert Read?
A) New York
B) Birmingham
C) Paris
D) London
- 56. What technique did Wolfgang Paalen contribute to Surrealism?
A) Fumage
B) Coulage
C) Collage
D) Assemblage
- 57. What was the name of Salvador Dalí's installation at the 1938 Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme?
A) Metamorphosis of Narcissus
B) Rainy Taxi
C) Persistence of Memory
D) The Elephants
- 58. Which American art collector married Max Ernst and promoted Surrealist artists?
A) Marianne Moore
B) Peggy Guggenheim
C) Louise Bourgeois
D) Georgia O'Keeffe
- 59. Which magazine did André Breton co-found in the United States during WWII?
A) Dyn
B) View
C) VVV
D) The Clean Handkerchief
- 60. Who was expelled from the Surrealist movement but remained close to its ideas?
A) André Breton
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Roberto Matta
D) Max Ernst
- 61. Which Surrealist artist's work was influenced by biomorphic figures?
A) Mark Rothko
B) Robert Motherwell
C) Jackson Pollock
D) Arshile Gorky
- 62. Which movement is Afro-Surrealism primarily associated with?
A) The African diaspora
B) Western Europe
C) Asia
D) Latin America
- 63. Who was critical of and distanced himself from Surrealism during the 1960s?
A) Asger Jorn
B) Guy Debord
C) Waldemar Fydrych
D) Joan Miró
- 64. Who was known as 'Major' in the Orange Alternative movement?
A) Waldemar Fydrych
B) Guy Debord
C) Asger Jorn
D) Joan Miró
- 65. Which city hosted the 'Desire Unbound' exhibition in 2002?
A) Paris
B) London
C) New York City
D) Berlin
- 66. What was the theme of the international survey exhibition organized by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Tate Modern in 2021–2022?
A) Two Private Eyes
B) Surrealism Beyond Borders
C) Desire Unbound
D) The Persistence of Memory
- 67. Which Surrealist group is based in Stockholm?
A) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
B) Leeds Surrealist Group
C) Chicago Surrealist Group
D) Peculiar Mormyrid
- 68. Who continues to make films and experiment with objects as part of the Czech-Slovak Surrealists?
A) Asger Jorn
B) Jan Švankmajer
C) Waldemar Fydrych
D) Guy Debord
- 69. Which group was more attached to both Surrealism and the Situationist International?
A) Peculiar Mormyrid
B) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
C) Chicago Surrealist Group
D) Leeds Surrealist Group
- 70. Which Surrealist group is based in Leeds?
A) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
B) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
C) Leeds Surrealist Group
D) Chicago Surrealist Group
- 71. Who among the following was not cited as an influence on Surrealist artists?
A) Hieronymus Bosch
B) Plato
C) Dante
D) Marquis de Sade
- 72. Which Surrealist concept is described as dialectical?
A) Its inherent dynamic
B) Its focus on realism
C) Its static nature
D) Its commercial appeal
- 73. Which literary movement was significantly influenced by Surrealism in the latter half of the 20th century?
A) Postmodernism
B) Victorian Literature
C) Romanticism
D) Naturalism
- 74. Which Beat Generation writer was influenced by Artaud's 'Van Gogh – The Man Suicided by Society'?
A) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
B) Gregory Corso
C) Bob Kaufman
D) Allen Ginsberg
- 75. What technique did William S. Burroughs develop with Brion Gysin?
A) Stream of consciousness
B) Free association
C) Automatic writing
D) The cut-up technique
- 76. Which postmodern novelist experimented with startling juxtapositions since the 1960s?
A) Kurt Vonnegut
B) Thomas Pynchon
C) John Barth
D) Don DeLillo
- 77. Which filmmaker was regarded as a surrealist and quoted in relation to his show 'Twin Peaks'?
A) Quentin Tarantino
B) Stanley Kubrick
C) Martin Scorsese
D) David Lynch
- 78. Who was inspired by the revolutionary voice in Surrealist poetry and mentioned Breton and Artaud's inspiration from Mexico?
A) Gabriel García Márquez
B) Julio Cortázar
C) Carlos Fuentes
D) Miguel Ángel Asturias
- 79. Which Magic Realist writer criticized Surrealism's delineation between real and unreal?
A) Mario Vargas Llosa
B) Alejo Carpentier
C) Isabel Allende
D) Gabriel García Márquez
- 80. Which Beat Generation writer cut off Marcel Duchamp's tie?
A) Allen Ginsberg
B) Bob Kaufman
C) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
D) Gregory Corso
- 81. Which postmodern novelist translated Surrealist poetry and found the Surrealists to be a 'real discovery'?
A) Thomas Pynchon
B) Paul Auster
C) Kurt Vonnegut
D) Don DeLillo
- 82. Who disbanded the original Paris Surrealist Group in 1969?
A) Henry Threadgill
B) Martin Esslin
C) André Breton
D) Jean Schuster
- 83. What journal has the current Surrealist Group of Paris recently published a new issue for?
A) Alcheringa
B) Manifesto of Surrealism
C) The Theatre of the Absurd
D) Analogon
- 84. Which journal has been published by the Group of Czech-Slovak Surrealists for almost 100 volumes?
A) Alcheringa
B) The Theatre of Cruelty
C) Analogon
D) Surrealist Poetry
- 85. Which critic grouped playwrights into the 'Theatre of the Absurd'?
A) Henry Threadgill
B) Martin Esslin
C) Franklin Rosemont
D) André Breton
- 86. Which playwright claimed André Breton was one of the most important thinkers in history?
A) Fernando Arrabal
B) Samuel Beckett
C) Eugène Ionesco
D) Arthur Adamov
- 87. Who translated much of the Surrealist poetry into English?
A) Arthur Adamov
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Samuel Beckett
D) Fernando Arrabal
- 88. Which American-born artist is known for using vivid and elaborate costuming in dance?
A) Henry Threadgill
B) Samuel Beckett
C) Alice Farley
D) Eugène Ionesco
- 89. In which city did Alice Farley become active during the 1970s?
A) Chicago
B) Paris
C) San Francisco
D) New York
- 90. Which artist is called the 'father of Surrealism' by Salvador Dalí?
A) Giuseppe Arcimboldo
B) Hieronymus Bosch
C) André Breton
D) Joos de Momper
- 91. Who authored '1919–1950: The politics of Surrealism'?
A) Maev Kennedy
B) Franklin Rosemont
C) Alan Gullette
D) Nick Heath
- 92. Which publication discusses Herbert Marcuse's connection to Surrealism?
A) Arsenal vol. 4
B) The Guardian
C) Surrealism Reviewed
D) Libcom.org
- 93. Who wrote about the theory and techniques of Surrealist poetry in an archived document?
A) C. J. Holcombe
B) Alan Gullette
C) Aimé Césaire
D) Rob Jackaman
- 94. Which artist's work is often claimed as a precursor to Surrealism?
A) Henry Threadgill
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Hieronymus Bosch
D) Samuel Beckett
- 95. What aspect does Alice Farley explore in her dance performances?
A) Collaboration
B) Surrealism
C) Costuming
D) Improvisation
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