- 1. Surrealism is a cultural and artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by its exploration of the unconscious mind, dream imagery, and juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated elements. Influenced by the ideas of psychoanalysis and the writings of Sigmund Freud, Surrealists sought to express the irrational and the dreamlike in their works. Artists like Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, and Joan Miro are among the most well-known proponents of Surrealism, creating paintings, sculptures, and writings that challenge conventional notions of reality and explore the depths of imagination.
Who is considered the founder of Surrealism?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) René Magritte
C) André Breton
D) Pablo Picasso
- 2. Which city is often associated with the birth of Surrealism?
A) Berlin
B) New York
C) Paris
D) Madrid
- 3. Surrealist artists were influenced by the work of which psychologist?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Ivan Pavlov
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Carl Jung
- 4. Which surrealist artist is known for his melting clocks in 'The Persistence of Memory'?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Man Ray
C) Joan Miró
D) Marc Chagall
- 5. Whose works often feature eerie, dreamlike scenes with bowler-hatted men?
A) Marcel Duchamp
B) Frida Kahlo
C) René Magritte
D) Max Ernst
- 6. Which female artist was associated with Surrealism and known for her self-portraits?
A) Dorothea Tanning
B) Frida Kahlo
C) Georgia O'Keeffe
D) Louise Bourgeois
- 7. What is the title of a famous Surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí?
A) The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
B) Metropolis
C) Un Chien Andalou
D) The Seventh Seal
- 8. What was the name of the Surrealist journal founded by André Breton?
A) La Révolution surréaliste
B) Surrealistic Quarterly
C) The Surrealist Times
D) Dreamscape Gazette
- 9. Which Surrealist artist was known for her contributions to the Surrealist movement through her writing and art?
A) Leonora Carrington
B) Kay Sage
C) Dorothea Tanning
D) Lee Miller
- 10. What animal is prominently depicted in Salvador Dali's works as a symbol?
A) Elephant
B) Rabbit
C) Goose
D) Lion
- 11. What art movement influenced Surrealism with its rejection of reason and embrace of chaos?
A) Impressionism
B) Dadaism
C) Pop Art
D) Cubism
- 12. Which Surrealist artist was also a known filmmaker, creating 'Un Chien Andalou'?
A) Leonora Carrington
B) Paul Delvaux
C) Luis Buñuel
D) Remedios Varo
- 13. What is the term for the practice of expressing the content of the unconscious mind without conscious control?
A) Impressionism
B) Abstract Expressionism
C) Pointillism
D) Automatic Writing
- 14. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Surrealist art?
A) Automatism
B) Realism
C) Absurdity
D) Dream-like imagery
- 15. Who coined the term 'Surrealism' in his 1917 play 'Les Mamelles de Tirésias'?
A) Marcel Duchamp
B) Hugo Ball
C) Guillaume Apollinaire
D) Tristan Tzara
- 16. Surrealism sought to unlock the power of the ______ mind.
A) Conscious
B) Subconscious
C) Rational
D) Intellectual
- 17. In which year did Guillaume Apollinaire first use the term 'surrealism'?
A) 1918
B) 1917
C) 1924
D) 1903
- 18. Which ballet was described as 'surrealistic' by Guillaume Apollinaire?
A) Parade
B) La Révolution surréaliste
C) The Magnetic Fields
D) Les Mamelles de Tirésias
- 19. What did André Breton aim to resolve through Surrealism?
A) The previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality
B) The separation of literature and visual arts
C) The differences between various artistic movements
D) The conflict between art and science
- 20. Which movement influenced Surrealism before its official establishment?
A) Futurism
B) Dada
C) Cubism
D) Impressionism
- 21. What was André Breton's profession during World War I?
A) Music
B) Medicine and psychiatry
C) Painting
D) Literature
- 22. Which essay by Pierre Reverdy influenced Breton's idea of startling juxtapositions?
A) A 1918 essay on the relationship between two distant realities
B) A treatise on Impressionist techniques
C) A manifesto on Dadaism
D) An essay on the principles of Cubism
- 23. Which philosophical dialectic did Surrealists incorporate into their philosophy?
A) Aristotelian Dialectic
B) Platonic Dialectic
C) Hegelian Dialectic
D) Socratic Dialectic
- 24. Which political ideologies did Surrealists align with at various times?
A) Fascism and nationalism
B) Liberalism and conservatism
C) Monarchism and theocracy
D) Communism and anarchism
- 25. What was the main aim of Surrealism according to André Breton?
A) Long live the social revolution, and it alone!
B) To create purely aesthetic art
C) To promote religious themes in art
D) To merge science with art
- 26. What was the purpose of combining elements not normally found together in Surrealist works?
A) To follow traditional artistic norms
B) To produce illogical and startling effects
C) To achieve harmony and balance
D) To create realistic depictions
- 27. Who published the Manifeste du surréalisme on 1 October 1924?
A) André Breton
B) Francis Picabia
C) Yvan Goll
D) Tristan Tzara
- 28. What event marked the clash between Yvan Goll and André Breton?
A) A joint publication of their manifestos
B) A public lecture on surrealism
C) A debate at a surrealist conference
D) A literal fight at the Comédie des Champs-Élysées
- 29. Which technique was initially doubted by André Breton for its usefulness in the Surrealist movement?
A) Automatic drawing
B) Decalcomania
C) Frottage
D) Visual arts
- 30. In which year did an autonomous Surrealist group form in Brussels?
A) 1930
B) 1923
C) 1925
D) 1927
- 31. Who among the following artists was not considered a central figure in joining the Surrealist movement despite admiration from Breton?
A) Pablo Picasso
B) Joan Miró
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Max Ernst
- 32. Which of the following techniques was discovered and contributed to overcoming Breton's caution about visual arts?
A) Collaborative drawing games
B) Automatic writing
C) Frottage
D) Photomontage
- 33. Which Surrealist artist left the movement in 1928?
A) Joan Miró
B) Giorgio de Chirico
C) Max Ernst
D) Salvador Dalí
- 34. What is the title of Giacometti's work from 1925 that marked his movement to simplified forms?
A) The Nostalgia of the Poet
B) Torso
C) Little Machine Constructed by Minimax Dadamax in Person
D) La Tour Rouge
- 35. Which artist's 1927 work, The Kiss, is noted for its direct presentation of an erotic act?
A) Giorgio de Chirico
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Joan Miró
D) Max Ernst
- 36. Which year marked the first application of Surrealism to painting by Miró and Masson?
A) 1927
B) 1926
C) 1925
D) 1924
- 37. What was the first work written and published by André Breton's group of Surrealists?
A) Les Champs Magnétiques (May–June 1919)
B) Death to the Pigs
C) Irene's Cunt
D) Le Pèse-Nerfs
- 38. Which magazine contained automatist works and accounts of dreams?
A) Sur la route de San Romano
B) La Révolution surréaliste
C) Les Chants de Maldoror
D) Littérature
- 39. Which element was introduced into Surrealism due to the involvement of visual artists?
A) Collage
B) Traditional painting
C) Automatic writing
D) Realistic depiction
- 40. Which Surrealist work was published in 1926?
A) Death to the Pigs by Péret
B) Irene's Cunt by Aragon
C) Le Pèse-Nerfs by Artaud
D) Mr. Knife Miss Fork by Crevel
- 41. What was the purpose of 'convulsive joining' in Surrealism?
A) A tool for revelation
B) To create realistic art
C) To depict historical events
D) To organize thoughts clearly
- 42. Which Surrealist photographer was also known for their work in Japan?
A) Man Ray
B) Dora Maar
C) Kansuke Yamamoto
D) Brassaï
- 43. Which composer's work was described as being drawn from a dream sequence?
A) Edgard Varèse
B) Francis Poulenc
C) André Souris
D) Bohuslav Martinů
- 44. Which Surrealist composer wrote the opera 'La Petite Sirène'?
A) György Ligeti
B) Mauricio Kagel
C) Germaine Tailleferre
D) Pierre Boulez
- 45. Which Surrealist photographer was expelled from the movement due to political differences?
A) Man Ray
B) Dora Maar
C) Emiel van Moerkerken
D) Brassaï
- 46. Which Surrealist idea spread to North America and South America in the 1930s?
A) Artistic practices
B) Cubism
C) Dadaism
D) Political change
- 47. Which Surrealist group was founded in Chile in 1938?
A) Association des Ecrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires
B) Bureau of Surrealist Research
C) Tropiques
D) Mandrágora
- 48. Which Surrealist film was completed by Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2003?
A) Destino
B) Un Chien Andalou
C) L'Âge d'Or
D) The Blood of a Poet
- 49. Which Surrealist magazine prepared a schism between art and politics?
A) Tropiques
B) Bureau of Surrealist Research
C) DYN
D) Adieu Marie
- 50. Which surrealist film released in December 1930 had a regenerative effect on the movement?
A) L'Age d'Or
B) Ballet Mécanique
C) Un Chien Andalou
D) La Coquille et le Clergyman
- 51. Which surrealist periodical, edited by Georges Bataille, ended in 1931?
A) Le Surréalisme au Service de la Révolution
B) La Révolution surréaliste
C) Un Cadavre
D) Documents
- 52. In which year did André Breton write about surrealism recognizing itself in anarchism?
A) 1939
B) 1952
C) 1968
D) 1945
- 53. Which organization did Breton support that was transformed into the Fédération Communiste Libertaire?
A) French Communist Party
B) Fédération anarchiste
C) Antifascist Committees
D) Francophone Anarchist Federation
- 54. Who did Breton shelter while he was in hiding?
A) Fontenis
B) Bataille
C) Aragon
D) Dalí
- 55. Which city hosted the London International Surrealist Exhibition organized by Herbert Read?
A) London
B) New York
C) Paris
D) Birmingham
- 56. What technique did Wolfgang Paalen contribute to Surrealism?
A) Fumage
B) Collage
C) Coulage
D) Assemblage
- 57. What was the name of Salvador Dalí's installation at the 1938 Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme?
A) Rainy Taxi
B) The Elephants
C) Metamorphosis of Narcissus
D) Persistence of Memory
- 58. Which American art collector married Max Ernst and promoted Surrealist artists?
A) Peggy Guggenheim
B) Georgia O'Keeffe
C) Marianne Moore
D) Louise Bourgeois
- 59. Which magazine did André Breton co-found in the United States during WWII?
A) VVV
B) The Clean Handkerchief
C) View
D) Dyn
- 60. Who was expelled from the Surrealist movement but remained close to its ideas?
A) Max Ernst
B) André Breton
C) Roberto Matta
D) Salvador Dalí
- 61. Which Surrealist artist's work was influenced by biomorphic figures?
A) Jackson Pollock
B) Mark Rothko
C) Robert Motherwell
D) Arshile Gorky
- 62. Which movement is Afro-Surrealism primarily associated with?
A) The African diaspora
B) Asia
C) Latin America
D) Western Europe
- 63. Who was critical of and distanced himself from Surrealism during the 1960s?
A) Waldemar Fydrych
B) Joan Miró
C) Asger Jorn
D) Guy Debord
- 64. Who was known as 'Major' in the Orange Alternative movement?
A) Asger Jorn
B) Joan Miró
C) Waldemar Fydrych
D) Guy Debord
- 65. Which city hosted the 'Desire Unbound' exhibition in 2002?
A) London
B) Berlin
C) Paris
D) New York City
- 66. What was the theme of the international survey exhibition organized by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Tate Modern in 2021–2022?
A) The Persistence of Memory
B) Surrealism Beyond Borders
C) Desire Unbound
D) Two Private Eyes
- 67. Which Surrealist group is based in Stockholm?
A) Peculiar Mormyrid
B) Chicago Surrealist Group
C) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
D) Leeds Surrealist Group
- 68. Who continues to make films and experiment with objects as part of the Czech-Slovak Surrealists?
A) Waldemar Fydrych
B) Guy Debord
C) Jan Švankmajer
D) Asger Jorn
- 69. Which group was more attached to both Surrealism and the Situationist International?
A) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
B) Chicago Surrealist Group
C) Leeds Surrealist Group
D) Peculiar Mormyrid
- 70. Which Surrealist group is based in Leeds?
A) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
B) Leeds Surrealist Group
C) Chicago Surrealist Group
D) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
- 71. Who among the following was not cited as an influence on Surrealist artists?
A) Marquis de Sade
B) Hieronymus Bosch
C) Plato
D) Dante
- 72. Which Surrealist concept is described as dialectical?
A) Its focus on realism
B) Its static nature
C) Its commercial appeal
D) Its inherent dynamic
- 73. Which literary movement was significantly influenced by Surrealism in the latter half of the 20th century?
A) Victorian Literature
B) Romanticism
C) Naturalism
D) Postmodernism
- 74. Which Beat Generation writer was influenced by Artaud's 'Van Gogh – The Man Suicided by Society'?
A) Allen Ginsberg
B) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
C) Bob Kaufman
D) Gregory Corso
- 75. What technique did William S. Burroughs develop with Brion Gysin?
A) Automatic writing
B) Stream of consciousness
C) Free association
D) The cut-up technique
- 76. Which postmodern novelist experimented with startling juxtapositions since the 1960s?
A) Don DeLillo
B) John Barth
C) Kurt Vonnegut
D) Thomas Pynchon
- 77. Which filmmaker was regarded as a surrealist and quoted in relation to his show 'Twin Peaks'?
A) David Lynch
B) Martin Scorsese
C) Stanley Kubrick
D) Quentin Tarantino
- 78. Who was inspired by the revolutionary voice in Surrealist poetry and mentioned Breton and Artaud's inspiration from Mexico?
A) Carlos Fuentes
B) Miguel Ángel Asturias
C) Julio Cortázar
D) Gabriel García Márquez
- 79. Which Magic Realist writer criticized Surrealism's delineation between real and unreal?
A) Alejo Carpentier
B) Isabel Allende
C) Gabriel García Márquez
D) Mario Vargas Llosa
- 80. Which Beat Generation writer cut off Marcel Duchamp's tie?
A) Bob Kaufman
B) Gregory Corso
C) Allen Ginsberg
D) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
- 81. Which postmodern novelist translated Surrealist poetry and found the Surrealists to be a 'real discovery'?
A) Kurt Vonnegut
B) Don DeLillo
C) Paul Auster
D) Thomas Pynchon
- 82. Who disbanded the original Paris Surrealist Group in 1969?
A) Jean Schuster
B) André Breton
C) Martin Esslin
D) Henry Threadgill
- 83. What journal has the current Surrealist Group of Paris recently published a new issue for?
A) Manifesto of Surrealism
B) The Theatre of the Absurd
C) Analogon
D) Alcheringa
- 84. Which journal has been published by the Group of Czech-Slovak Surrealists for almost 100 volumes?
A) Alcheringa
B) Surrealist Poetry
C) The Theatre of Cruelty
D) Analogon
- 85. Which critic grouped playwrights into the 'Theatre of the Absurd'?
A) André Breton
B) Franklin Rosemont
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Martin Esslin
- 86. Which playwright claimed André Breton was one of the most important thinkers in history?
A) Fernando Arrabal
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Arthur Adamov
D) Samuel Beckett
- 87. Who translated much of the Surrealist poetry into English?
A) Fernando Arrabal
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Samuel Beckett
D) Arthur Adamov
- 88. Which American-born artist is known for using vivid and elaborate costuming in dance?
A) Alice Farley
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Samuel Beckett
- 89. In which city did Alice Farley become active during the 1970s?
A) San Francisco
B) Chicago
C) New York
D) Paris
- 90. Which artist is called the 'father of Surrealism' by Salvador Dalí?
A) Joos de Momper
B) Hieronymus Bosch
C) André Breton
D) Giuseppe Arcimboldo
- 91. Who authored '1919–1950: The politics of Surrealism'?
A) Maev Kennedy
B) Franklin Rosemont
C) Alan Gullette
D) Nick Heath
- 92. Which publication discusses Herbert Marcuse's connection to Surrealism?
A) The Guardian
B) Arsenal vol. 4
C) Libcom.org
D) Surrealism Reviewed
- 93. Who wrote about the theory and techniques of Surrealist poetry in an archived document?
A) Alan Gullette
B) Rob Jackaman
C) C. J. Holcombe
D) Aimé Césaire
- 94. Which artist's work is often claimed as a precursor to Surrealism?
A) Samuel Beckett
B) Henry Threadgill
C) Eugène Ionesco
D) Hieronymus Bosch
- 95. What aspect does Alice Farley explore in her dance performances?
A) Surrealism
B) Costuming
C) Improvisation
D) Collaboration
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