- 1. Surrealism is a cultural and artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by its exploration of the unconscious mind, dream imagery, and juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated elements. Influenced by the ideas of psychoanalysis and the writings of Sigmund Freud, Surrealists sought to express the irrational and the dreamlike in their works. Artists like Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, and Joan Miro are among the most well-known proponents of Surrealism, creating paintings, sculptures, and writings that challenge conventional notions of reality and explore the depths of imagination.
Who is considered the founder of Surrealism?
A) René Magritte
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Pablo Picasso
D) André Breton
- 2. Which city is often associated with the birth of Surrealism?
A) Berlin
B) Paris
C) New York
D) Madrid
- 3. Surrealist artists were influenced by the work of which psychologist?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Ivan Pavlov
D) Carl Jung
- 4. Which surrealist artist is known for his melting clocks in 'The Persistence of Memory'?
A) Man Ray
B) Joan Miró
C) Marc Chagall
D) Salvador Dalí
- 5. Whose works often feature eerie, dreamlike scenes with bowler-hatted men?
A) Max Ernst
B) René Magritte
C) Frida Kahlo
D) Marcel Duchamp
- 6. Which female artist was associated with Surrealism and known for her self-portraits?
A) Georgia O'Keeffe
B) Dorothea Tanning
C) Louise Bourgeois
D) Frida Kahlo
- 7. What is the title of a famous Surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí?
A) The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
B) The Seventh Seal
C) Metropolis
D) Un Chien Andalou
- 8. What was the name of the Surrealist journal founded by André Breton?
A) Surrealistic Quarterly
B) Dreamscape Gazette
C) The Surrealist Times
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 9. Which Surrealist artist was known for her contributions to the Surrealist movement through her writing and art?
A) Dorothea Tanning
B) Kay Sage
C) Leonora Carrington
D) Lee Miller
- 10. What animal is prominently depicted in Salvador Dali's works as a symbol?
A) Rabbit
B) Elephant
C) Lion
D) Goose
- 11. What art movement influenced Surrealism with its rejection of reason and embrace of chaos?
A) Cubism
B) Impressionism
C) Dadaism
D) Pop Art
- 12. Which Surrealist artist was also a known filmmaker, creating 'Un Chien Andalou'?
A) Paul Delvaux
B) Remedios Varo
C) Leonora Carrington
D) Luis Buñuel
- 13. What is the term for the practice of expressing the content of the unconscious mind without conscious control?
A) Pointillism
B) Impressionism
C) Abstract Expressionism
D) Automatic Writing
- 14. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Surrealist art?
A) Automatism
B) Dream-like imagery
C) Absurdity
D) Realism
- 15. Who coined the term 'Surrealism' in his 1917 play 'Les Mamelles de Tirésias'?
A) Hugo Ball
B) Marcel Duchamp
C) Tristan Tzara
D) Guillaume Apollinaire
- 16. Surrealism sought to unlock the power of the ______ mind.
A) Conscious
B) Subconscious
C) Intellectual
D) Rational
- 17. In which year did Guillaume Apollinaire first use the term 'surrealism'?
A) 1918
B) 1917
C) 1903
D) 1924
- 18. Which ballet was described as 'surrealistic' by Guillaume Apollinaire?
A) The Magnetic Fields
B) Les Mamelles de Tirésias
C) Parade
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 19. What did André Breton aim to resolve through Surrealism?
A) The conflict between art and science
B) The differences between various artistic movements
C) The separation of literature and visual arts
D) The previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality
- 20. Which movement influenced Surrealism before its official establishment?
A) Impressionism
B) Dada
C) Cubism
D) Futurism
- 21. What was André Breton's profession during World War I?
A) Painting
B) Medicine and psychiatry
C) Music
D) Literature
- 22. Which essay by Pierre Reverdy influenced Breton's idea of startling juxtapositions?
A) A treatise on Impressionist techniques
B) A manifesto on Dadaism
C) An essay on the principles of Cubism
D) A 1918 essay on the relationship between two distant realities
- 23. Which philosophical dialectic did Surrealists incorporate into their philosophy?
A) Socratic Dialectic
B) Platonic Dialectic
C) Hegelian Dialectic
D) Aristotelian Dialectic
- 24. Which political ideologies did Surrealists align with at various times?
A) Communism and anarchism
B) Liberalism and conservatism
C) Fascism and nationalism
D) Monarchism and theocracy
- 25. What was the main aim of Surrealism according to André Breton?
A) To merge science with art
B) Long live the social revolution, and it alone!
C) To promote religious themes in art
D) To create purely aesthetic art
- 26. What was the purpose of combining elements not normally found together in Surrealist works?
A) To achieve harmony and balance
B) To produce illogical and startling effects
C) To create realistic depictions
D) To follow traditional artistic norms
- 27. Who published the Manifeste du surréalisme on 1 October 1924?
A) Tristan Tzara
B) Yvan Goll
C) Francis Picabia
D) André Breton
- 28. What event marked the clash between Yvan Goll and André Breton?
A) A debate at a surrealist conference
B) A joint publication of their manifestos
C) A public lecture on surrealism
D) A literal fight at the Comédie des Champs-Élysées
- 29. Which technique was initially doubted by André Breton for its usefulness in the Surrealist movement?
A) Decalcomania
B) Visual arts
C) Automatic drawing
D) Frottage
- 30. In which year did an autonomous Surrealist group form in Brussels?
A) 1923
B) 1925
C) 1930
D) 1927
- 31. Who among the following artists was not considered a central figure in joining the Surrealist movement despite admiration from Breton?
A) Joan Miró
B) Pablo Picasso
C) Max Ernst
D) Salvador Dalí
- 32. Which of the following techniques was discovered and contributed to overcoming Breton's caution about visual arts?
A) Collaborative drawing games
B) Automatic writing
C) Photomontage
D) Frottage
- 33. Which Surrealist artist left the movement in 1928?
A) Max Ernst
B) Joan Miró
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Giorgio de Chirico
- 34. What is the title of Giacometti's work from 1925 that marked his movement to simplified forms?
A) La Tour Rouge
B) Torso
C) The Nostalgia of the Poet
D) Little Machine Constructed by Minimax Dadamax in Person
- 35. Which artist's 1927 work, The Kiss, is noted for its direct presentation of an erotic act?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Joan Miró
C) Giorgio de Chirico
D) Max Ernst
- 36. Which year marked the first application of Surrealism to painting by Miró and Masson?
A) 1925
B) 1926
C) 1927
D) 1924
- 37. What was the first work written and published by André Breton's group of Surrealists?
A) Les Champs Magnétiques (May–June 1919)
B) Irene's Cunt
C) Death to the Pigs
D) Le Pèse-Nerfs
- 38. Which magazine contained automatist works and accounts of dreams?
A) Littérature
B) Les Chants de Maldoror
C) La Révolution surréaliste
D) Sur la route de San Romano
- 39. Which Surrealist group is based in Leeds?
A) Chicago Surrealist Group
B) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
C) Leeds Surrealist Group
D) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
- 40. Who was inspired by the revolutionary voice in Surrealist poetry and mentioned Breton and Artaud's inspiration from Mexico?
A) Miguel Ángel Asturias
B) Julio Cortázar
C) Gabriel García Márquez
D) Carlos Fuentes
- 41. Which Surrealist concept is described as dialectical?
A) Its inherent dynamic
B) Its static nature
C) Its commercial appeal
D) Its focus on realism
- 42. Which Surrealist artist's work was influenced by biomorphic figures?
A) Jackson Pollock
B) Arshile Gorky
C) Mark Rothko
D) Robert Motherwell
- 43. Which playwright claimed André Breton was one of the most important thinkers in history?
A) Eugène Ionesco
B) Samuel Beckett
C) Fernando Arrabal
D) Arthur Adamov
- 44. Which city hosted the London International Surrealist Exhibition organized by Herbert Read?
A) Paris
B) New York
C) London
D) Birmingham
- 45. What was the theme of the international survey exhibition organized by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Tate Modern in 2021–2022?
A) Two Private Eyes
B) The Persistence of Memory
C) Surrealism Beyond Borders
D) Desire Unbound
- 46. Who disbanded the original Paris Surrealist Group in 1969?
A) Martin Esslin
B) Henry Threadgill
C) André Breton
D) Jean Schuster
- 47. Who was expelled from the Surrealist movement but remained close to its ideas?
A) André Breton
B) Roberto Matta
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Max Ernst
- 48. Which composer's work was described as being drawn from a dream sequence?
A) Bohuslav Martinů
B) Francis Poulenc
C) Edgard Varèse
D) André Souris
- 49. Which element was introduced into Surrealism due to the involvement of visual artists?
A) Realistic depiction
B) Traditional painting
C) Collage
D) Automatic writing
- 50. Which city hosted the 'Desire Unbound' exhibition in 2002?
A) Paris
B) Berlin
C) London
D) New York City
- 51. Which postmodern novelist experimented with startling juxtapositions since the 1960s?
A) Kurt Vonnegut
B) John Barth
C) Thomas Pynchon
D) Don DeLillo
- 52. What was the name of Salvador Dalí's installation at the 1938 Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme?
A) Rainy Taxi
B) The Elephants
C) Persistence of Memory
D) Metamorphosis of Narcissus
- 53. Who authored '1919–1950: The politics of Surrealism'?
A) Franklin Rosemont
B) Maev Kennedy
C) Alan Gullette
D) Nick Heath
- 54. Who did Breton shelter while he was in hiding?
A) Aragon
B) Dalí
C) Bataille
D) Fontenis
- 55. Which organization did Breton support that was transformed into the Fédération Communiste Libertaire?
A) Antifascist Committees
B) Francophone Anarchist Federation
C) Fédération anarchiste
D) French Communist Party
- 56. Which literary movement was significantly influenced by Surrealism in the latter half of the 20th century?
A) Victorian Literature
B) Romanticism
C) Postmodernism
D) Naturalism
- 57. What technique did Wolfgang Paalen contribute to Surrealism?
A) Collage
B) Assemblage
C) Fumage
D) Coulage
- 58. Who among the following was not cited as an influence on Surrealist artists?
A) Hieronymus Bosch
B) Marquis de Sade
C) Dante
D) Plato
- 59. Which filmmaker was regarded as a surrealist and quoted in relation to his show 'Twin Peaks'?
A) Martin Scorsese
B) Quentin Tarantino
C) Stanley Kubrick
D) David Lynch
- 60. Which postmodern novelist translated Surrealist poetry and found the Surrealists to be a 'real discovery'?
A) Paul Auster
B) Thomas Pynchon
C) Don DeLillo
D) Kurt Vonnegut
- 61. Which Surrealist group is based in Stockholm?
A) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
B) Peculiar Mormyrid
C) Chicago Surrealist Group
D) Leeds Surrealist Group
- 62. Which Surrealist photographer was expelled from the movement due to political differences?
A) Emiel van Moerkerken
B) Dora Maar
C) Man Ray
D) Brassaï
- 63. Which Magic Realist writer criticized Surrealism's delineation between real and unreal?
A) Mario Vargas Llosa
B) Gabriel García Márquez
C) Isabel Allende
D) Alejo Carpentier
- 64. Which surrealist film released in December 1930 had a regenerative effect on the movement?
A) Ballet Mécanique
B) La Coquille et le Clergyman
C) L'Age d'Or
D) Un Chien Andalou
- 65. Who translated much of the Surrealist poetry into English?
A) Arthur Adamov
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Fernando Arrabal
D) Samuel Beckett
- 66. Which artist's work is often claimed as a precursor to Surrealism?
A) Hieronymus Bosch
B) Samuel Beckett
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Eugène Ionesco
- 67. Which American art collector married Max Ernst and promoted Surrealist artists?
A) Georgia O'Keeffe
B) Peggy Guggenheim
C) Marianne Moore
D) Louise Bourgeois
- 68. Who wrote about the theory and techniques of Surrealist poetry in an archived document?
A) Rob Jackaman
B) Alan Gullette
C) Aimé Césaire
D) C. J. Holcombe
- 69. Who was critical of and distanced himself from Surrealism during the 1960s?
A) Joan Miró
B) Waldemar Fydrych
C) Asger Jorn
D) Guy Debord
- 70. Which publication discusses Herbert Marcuse's connection to Surrealism?
A) Surrealism Reviewed
B) Libcom.org
C) The Guardian
D) Arsenal vol. 4
- 71. Which Beat Generation writer was influenced by Artaud's 'Van Gogh – The Man Suicided by Society'?
A) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
B) Allen Ginsberg
C) Bob Kaufman
D) Gregory Corso
- 72. Which group was more attached to both Surrealism and the Situationist International?
A) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
B) Leeds Surrealist Group
C) Peculiar Mormyrid
D) Chicago Surrealist Group
- 73. Who continues to make films and experiment with objects as part of the Czech-Slovak Surrealists?
A) Asger Jorn
B) Guy Debord
C) Waldemar Fydrych
D) Jan Švankmajer
- 74. Which magazine did André Breton co-found in the United States during WWII?
A) Dyn
B) The Clean Handkerchief
C) View
D) VVV
- 75. Which journal has been published by the Group of Czech-Slovak Surrealists for almost 100 volumes?
A) Analogon
B) Alcheringa
C) The Theatre of Cruelty
D) Surrealist Poetry
- 76. Which Surrealist idea spread to North America and South America in the 1930s?
A) Political change
B) Cubism
C) Dadaism
D) Artistic practices
- 77. What technique did William S. Burroughs develop with Brion Gysin?
A) Stream of consciousness
B) Automatic writing
C) The cut-up technique
D) Free association
- 78. In which city did Alice Farley become active during the 1970s?
A) Chicago
B) San Francisco
C) Paris
D) New York
- 79. Which Surrealist composer wrote the opera 'La Petite Sirène'?
A) György Ligeti
B) Pierre Boulez
C) Mauricio Kagel
D) Germaine Tailleferre
- 80. Which Beat Generation writer cut off Marcel Duchamp's tie?
A) Gregory Corso
B) Allen Ginsberg
C) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
D) Bob Kaufman
- 81. What aspect does Alice Farley explore in her dance performances?
A) Collaboration
B) Surrealism
C) Improvisation
D) Costuming
- 82. Which Surrealist film was completed by Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2003?
A) L'Âge d'Or
B) Un Chien Andalou
C) The Blood of a Poet
D) Destino
- 83. Which Surrealist magazine prepared a schism between art and politics?
A) Bureau of Surrealist Research
B) DYN
C) Tropiques
D) Adieu Marie
- 84. Which critic grouped playwrights into the 'Theatre of the Absurd'?
A) Franklin Rosemont
B) Henry Threadgill
C) André Breton
D) Martin Esslin
- 85. Who was known as 'Major' in the Orange Alternative movement?
A) Guy Debord
B) Joan Miró
C) Waldemar Fydrych
D) Asger Jorn
- 86. What was the purpose of 'convulsive joining' in Surrealism?
A) To depict historical events
B) A tool for revelation
C) To create realistic art
D) To organize thoughts clearly
- 87. What journal has the current Surrealist Group of Paris recently published a new issue for?
A) Alcheringa
B) The Theatre of the Absurd
C) Manifesto of Surrealism
D) Analogon
- 88. Which Surrealist photographer was also known for their work in Japan?
A) Man Ray
B) Brassaï
C) Kansuke Yamamoto
D) Dora Maar
- 89. In which year did André Breton write about surrealism recognizing itself in anarchism?
A) 1952
B) 1945
C) 1968
D) 1939
- 90. Which artist is called the 'father of Surrealism' by Salvador Dalí?
A) André Breton
B) Giuseppe Arcimboldo
C) Hieronymus Bosch
D) Joos de Momper
- 91. Which American-born artist is known for using vivid and elaborate costuming in dance?
A) Henry Threadgill
B) Alice Farley
C) Eugène Ionesco
D) Samuel Beckett
- 92. Which Surrealist work was published in 1926?
A) Death to the Pigs by Péret
B) Irene's Cunt by Aragon
C) Mr. Knife Miss Fork by Crevel
D) Le Pèse-Nerfs by Artaud
- 93. Which surrealist periodical, edited by Georges Bataille, ended in 1931?
A) Un Cadavre
B) Le Surréalisme au Service de la Révolution
C) La Révolution surréaliste
D) Documents
- 94. Which movement is Afro-Surrealism primarily associated with?
A) Latin America
B) Asia
C) The African diaspora
D) Western Europe
- 95. Which Surrealist group was founded in Chile in 1938?
A) Mandrágora
B) Association des Ecrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires
C) Bureau of Surrealist Research
D) Tropiques
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