- 1. Surrealism is a cultural and artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by its exploration of the unconscious mind, dream imagery, and juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated elements. Influenced by the ideas of psychoanalysis and the writings of Sigmund Freud, Surrealists sought to express the irrational and the dreamlike in their works. Artists like Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, and Joan Miro are among the most well-known proponents of Surrealism, creating paintings, sculptures, and writings that challenge conventional notions of reality and explore the depths of imagination.
Who is considered the founder of Surrealism?
A) Pablo Picasso
B) André Breton
C) René Magritte
D) Salvador Dalí
- 2. Which city is often associated with the birth of Surrealism?
A) Paris
B) Madrid
C) New York
D) Berlin
- 3. Surrealist artists were influenced by the work of which psychologist?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Ivan Pavlov
D) Carl Jung
- 4. Which surrealist artist is known for his melting clocks in 'The Persistence of Memory'?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Marc Chagall
C) Joan Miró
D) Man Ray
- 5. Whose works often feature eerie, dreamlike scenes with bowler-hatted men?
A) René Magritte
B) Frida Kahlo
C) Max Ernst
D) Marcel Duchamp
- 6. Which female artist was associated with Surrealism and known for her self-portraits?
A) Georgia O'Keeffe
B) Dorothea Tanning
C) Louise Bourgeois
D) Frida Kahlo
- 7. What is the title of a famous Surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí?
A) The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
B) Metropolis
C) The Seventh Seal
D) Un Chien Andalou
- 8. What was the name of the Surrealist journal founded by André Breton?
A) The Surrealist Times
B) Dreamscape Gazette
C) Surrealistic Quarterly
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 9. Which Surrealist artist was known for her contributions to the Surrealist movement through her writing and art?
A) Lee Miller
B) Leonora Carrington
C) Kay Sage
D) Dorothea Tanning
- 10. What animal is prominently depicted in Salvador Dali's works as a symbol?
A) Rabbit
B) Goose
C) Elephant
D) Lion
- 11. What art movement influenced Surrealism with its rejection of reason and embrace of chaos?
A) Impressionism
B) Cubism
C) Pop Art
D) Dadaism
- 12. Which Surrealist artist was also a known filmmaker, creating 'Un Chien Andalou'?
A) Leonora Carrington
B) Luis Buñuel
C) Remedios Varo
D) Paul Delvaux
- 13. What is the term for the practice of expressing the content of the unconscious mind without conscious control?
A) Abstract Expressionism
B) Impressionism
C) Pointillism
D) Automatic Writing
- 14. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Surrealist art?
A) Dream-like imagery
B) Absurdity
C) Automatism
D) Realism
- 15. Who coined the term 'Surrealism' in his 1917 play 'Les Mamelles de Tirésias'?
A) Hugo Ball
B) Tristan Tzara
C) Guillaume Apollinaire
D) Marcel Duchamp
- 16. Surrealism sought to unlock the power of the ______ mind.
A) Subconscious
B) Conscious
C) Rational
D) Intellectual
- 17. In which year did Guillaume Apollinaire first use the term 'surrealism'?
A) 1918
B) 1917
C) 1903
D) 1924
- 18. Which ballet was described as 'surrealistic' by Guillaume Apollinaire?
A) Les Mamelles de Tirésias
B) La Révolution surréaliste
C) The Magnetic Fields
D) Parade
- 19. What did André Breton aim to resolve through Surrealism?
A) The conflict between art and science
B) The separation of literature and visual arts
C) The previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality
D) The differences between various artistic movements
- 20. Which movement influenced Surrealism before its official establishment?
A) Impressionism
B) Futurism
C) Cubism
D) Dada
- 21. What was André Breton's profession during World War I?
A) Music
B) Literature
C) Painting
D) Medicine and psychiatry
- 22. Which essay by Pierre Reverdy influenced Breton's idea of startling juxtapositions?
A) A 1918 essay on the relationship between two distant realities
B) A treatise on Impressionist techniques
C) A manifesto on Dadaism
D) An essay on the principles of Cubism
- 23. Which philosophical dialectic did Surrealists incorporate into their philosophy?
A) Hegelian Dialectic
B) Socratic Dialectic
C) Platonic Dialectic
D) Aristotelian Dialectic
- 24. Which political ideologies did Surrealists align with at various times?
A) Liberalism and conservatism
B) Communism and anarchism
C) Monarchism and theocracy
D) Fascism and nationalism
- 25. What was the main aim of Surrealism according to André Breton?
A) Long live the social revolution, and it alone!
B) To create purely aesthetic art
C) To merge science with art
D) To promote religious themes in art
- 26. What was the purpose of combining elements not normally found together in Surrealist works?
A) To create realistic depictions
B) To achieve harmony and balance
C) To follow traditional artistic norms
D) To produce illogical and startling effects
- 27. Who published the Manifeste du surréalisme on 1 October 1924?
A) Tristan Tzara
B) Yvan Goll
C) Francis Picabia
D) André Breton
- 28. What event marked the clash between Yvan Goll and André Breton?
A) A joint publication of their manifestos
B) A literal fight at the Comédie des Champs-Élysées
C) A public lecture on surrealism
D) A debate at a surrealist conference
- 29. Which technique was initially doubted by André Breton for its usefulness in the Surrealist movement?
A) Automatic drawing
B) Decalcomania
C) Visual arts
D) Frottage
- 30. In which year did an autonomous Surrealist group form in Brussels?
A) 1925
B) 1927
C) 1923
D) 1930
- 31. Who among the following artists was not considered a central figure in joining the Surrealist movement despite admiration from Breton?
A) Pablo Picasso
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Joan Miró
D) Max Ernst
- 32. Which of the following techniques was discovered and contributed to overcoming Breton's caution about visual arts?
A) Automatic writing
B) Collaborative drawing games
C) Photomontage
D) Frottage
- 33. Which Surrealist artist left the movement in 1928?
A) Joan Miró
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Giorgio de Chirico
D) Max Ernst
- 34. What is the title of Giacometti's work from 1925 that marked his movement to simplified forms?
A) Little Machine Constructed by Minimax Dadamax in Person
B) The Nostalgia of the Poet
C) Torso
D) La Tour Rouge
- 35. Which artist's 1927 work, The Kiss, is noted for its direct presentation of an erotic act?
A) Max Ernst
B) Giorgio de Chirico
C) Joan Miró
D) Salvador Dalí
- 36. Which year marked the first application of Surrealism to painting by Miró and Masson?
A) 1927
B) 1926
C) 1925
D) 1924
- 37. What was the first work written and published by André Breton's group of Surrealists?
A) Le Pèse-Nerfs
B) Les Champs Magnétiques (May–June 1919)
C) Irene's Cunt
D) Death to the Pigs
- 38. Which magazine contained automatist works and accounts of dreams?
A) Les Chants de Maldoror
B) La Révolution surréaliste
C) Littérature
D) Sur la route de San Romano
- 39. Which Surrealist group is based in Leeds?
A) Leeds Surrealist Group
B) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
C) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
D) Chicago Surrealist Group
- 40. Who was inspired by the revolutionary voice in Surrealist poetry and mentioned Breton and Artaud's inspiration from Mexico?
A) Miguel Ángel Asturias
B) Julio Cortázar
C) Carlos Fuentes
D) Gabriel García Márquez
- 41. Which Surrealist concept is described as dialectical?
A) Its focus on realism
B) Its inherent dynamic
C) Its commercial appeal
D) Its static nature
- 42. Which Surrealist artist's work was influenced by biomorphic figures?
A) Mark Rothko
B) Jackson Pollock
C) Arshile Gorky
D) Robert Motherwell
- 43. Which playwright claimed André Breton was one of the most important thinkers in history?
A) Fernando Arrabal
B) Arthur Adamov
C) Eugène Ionesco
D) Samuel Beckett
- 44. Which city hosted the London International Surrealist Exhibition organized by Herbert Read?
A) Birmingham
B) Paris
C) London
D) New York
- 45. What was the theme of the international survey exhibition organized by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Tate Modern in 2021–2022?
A) Surrealism Beyond Borders
B) The Persistence of Memory
C) Desire Unbound
D) Two Private Eyes
- 46. Who disbanded the original Paris Surrealist Group in 1969?
A) André Breton
B) Henry Threadgill
C) Jean Schuster
D) Martin Esslin
- 47. Who was expelled from the Surrealist movement but remained close to its ideas?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) André Breton
C) Max Ernst
D) Roberto Matta
- 48. Which composer's work was described as being drawn from a dream sequence?
A) Bohuslav Martinů
B) Edgard Varèse
C) André Souris
D) Francis Poulenc
- 49. Which element was introduced into Surrealism due to the involvement of visual artists?
A) Automatic writing
B) Traditional painting
C) Collage
D) Realistic depiction
- 50. Which city hosted the 'Desire Unbound' exhibition in 2002?
A) Paris
B) New York City
C) Berlin
D) London
- 51. Which postmodern novelist experimented with startling juxtapositions since the 1960s?
A) Don DeLillo
B) John Barth
C) Thomas Pynchon
D) Kurt Vonnegut
- 52. What was the name of Salvador Dalí's installation at the 1938 Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme?
A) Rainy Taxi
B) Metamorphosis of Narcissus
C) Persistence of Memory
D) The Elephants
- 53. Who authored '1919–1950: The politics of Surrealism'?
A) Franklin Rosemont
B) Maev Kennedy
C) Alan Gullette
D) Nick Heath
- 54. Who did Breton shelter while he was in hiding?
A) Bataille
B) Aragon
C) Dalí
D) Fontenis
- 55. Which organization did Breton support that was transformed into the Fédération Communiste Libertaire?
A) Antifascist Committees
B) Fédération anarchiste
C) Francophone Anarchist Federation
D) French Communist Party
- 56. Which literary movement was significantly influenced by Surrealism in the latter half of the 20th century?
A) Victorian Literature
B) Naturalism
C) Romanticism
D) Postmodernism
- 57. What technique did Wolfgang Paalen contribute to Surrealism?
A) Assemblage
B) Fumage
C) Coulage
D) Collage
- 58. Who among the following was not cited as an influence on Surrealist artists?
A) Plato
B) Hieronymus Bosch
C) Marquis de Sade
D) Dante
- 59. Which filmmaker was regarded as a surrealist and quoted in relation to his show 'Twin Peaks'?
A) Quentin Tarantino
B) Stanley Kubrick
C) Martin Scorsese
D) David Lynch
- 60. Which postmodern novelist translated Surrealist poetry and found the Surrealists to be a 'real discovery'?
A) Paul Auster
B) Don DeLillo
C) Thomas Pynchon
D) Kurt Vonnegut
- 61. Which Surrealist group is based in Stockholm?
A) Chicago Surrealist Group
B) Leeds Surrealist Group
C) Peculiar Mormyrid
D) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
- 62. Which Surrealist photographer was expelled from the movement due to political differences?
A) Man Ray
B) Emiel van Moerkerken
C) Dora Maar
D) Brassaï
- 63. Which Magic Realist writer criticized Surrealism's delineation between real and unreal?
A) Mario Vargas Llosa
B) Alejo Carpentier
C) Gabriel García Márquez
D) Isabel Allende
- 64. Which surrealist film released in December 1930 had a regenerative effect on the movement?
A) Un Chien Andalou
B) Ballet Mécanique
C) La Coquille et le Clergyman
D) L'Age d'Or
- 65. Who translated much of the Surrealist poetry into English?
A) Eugène Ionesco
B) Fernando Arrabal
C) Samuel Beckett
D) Arthur Adamov
- 66. Which artist's work is often claimed as a precursor to Surrealism?
A) Samuel Beckett
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Hieronymus Bosch
- 67. Which American art collector married Max Ernst and promoted Surrealist artists?
A) Marianne Moore
B) Peggy Guggenheim
C) Georgia O'Keeffe
D) Louise Bourgeois
- 68. Who wrote about the theory and techniques of Surrealist poetry in an archived document?
A) C. J. Holcombe
B) Aimé Césaire
C) Alan Gullette
D) Rob Jackaman
- 69. Who was critical of and distanced himself from Surrealism during the 1960s?
A) Guy Debord
B) Asger Jorn
C) Joan Miró
D) Waldemar Fydrych
- 70. Which publication discusses Herbert Marcuse's connection to Surrealism?
A) Arsenal vol. 4
B) Surrealism Reviewed
C) The Guardian
D) Libcom.org
- 71. Which Beat Generation writer was influenced by Artaud's 'Van Gogh – The Man Suicided by Society'?
A) Gregory Corso
B) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
C) Bob Kaufman
D) Allen Ginsberg
- 72. Which group was more attached to both Surrealism and the Situationist International?
A) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
B) Leeds Surrealist Group
C) Peculiar Mormyrid
D) Chicago Surrealist Group
- 73. Who continues to make films and experiment with objects as part of the Czech-Slovak Surrealists?
A) Waldemar Fydrych
B) Jan Švankmajer
C) Asger Jorn
D) Guy Debord
- 74. Which magazine did André Breton co-found in the United States during WWII?
A) View
B) VVV
C) The Clean Handkerchief
D) Dyn
- 75. Which journal has been published by the Group of Czech-Slovak Surrealists for almost 100 volumes?
A) Analogon
B) The Theatre of Cruelty
C) Surrealist Poetry
D) Alcheringa
- 76. Which Surrealist idea spread to North America and South America in the 1930s?
A) Dadaism
B) Political change
C) Cubism
D) Artistic practices
- 77. What technique did William S. Burroughs develop with Brion Gysin?
A) The cut-up technique
B) Free association
C) Stream of consciousness
D) Automatic writing
- 78. In which city did Alice Farley become active during the 1970s?
A) Paris
B) San Francisco
C) New York
D) Chicago
- 79. Which Surrealist composer wrote the opera 'La Petite Sirène'?
A) Germaine Tailleferre
B) Pierre Boulez
C) Mauricio Kagel
D) György Ligeti
- 80. Which Beat Generation writer cut off Marcel Duchamp's tie?
A) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
B) Bob Kaufman
C) Gregory Corso
D) Allen Ginsberg
- 81. What aspect does Alice Farley explore in her dance performances?
A) Surrealism
B) Improvisation
C) Collaboration
D) Costuming
- 82. Which Surrealist film was completed by Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2003?
A) The Blood of a Poet
B) Un Chien Andalou
C) Destino
D) L'Âge d'Or
- 83. Which Surrealist magazine prepared a schism between art and politics?
A) Bureau of Surrealist Research
B) Tropiques
C) DYN
D) Adieu Marie
- 84. Which critic grouped playwrights into the 'Theatre of the Absurd'?
A) Henry Threadgill
B) André Breton
C) Franklin Rosemont
D) Martin Esslin
- 85. Who was known as 'Major' in the Orange Alternative movement?
A) Guy Debord
B) Joan Miró
C) Waldemar Fydrych
D) Asger Jorn
- 86. What was the purpose of 'convulsive joining' in Surrealism?
A) A tool for revelation
B) To organize thoughts clearly
C) To create realistic art
D) To depict historical events
- 87. What journal has the current Surrealist Group of Paris recently published a new issue for?
A) Manifesto of Surrealism
B) Analogon
C) The Theatre of the Absurd
D) Alcheringa
- 88. Which Surrealist photographer was also known for their work in Japan?
A) Man Ray
B) Brassaï
C) Kansuke Yamamoto
D) Dora Maar
- 89. In which year did André Breton write about surrealism recognizing itself in anarchism?
A) 1939
B) 1952
C) 1945
D) 1968
- 90. Which artist is called the 'father of Surrealism' by Salvador Dalí?
A) André Breton
B) Hieronymus Bosch
C) Giuseppe Arcimboldo
D) Joos de Momper
- 91. Which American-born artist is known for using vivid and elaborate costuming in dance?
A) Alice Farley
B) Eugène Ionesco
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Samuel Beckett
- 92. Which Surrealist work was published in 1926?
A) Irene's Cunt by Aragon
B) Death to the Pigs by Péret
C) Mr. Knife Miss Fork by Crevel
D) Le Pèse-Nerfs by Artaud
- 93. Which surrealist periodical, edited by Georges Bataille, ended in 1931?
A) La Révolution surréaliste
B) Un Cadavre
C) Le Surréalisme au Service de la Révolution
D) Documents
- 94. Which movement is Afro-Surrealism primarily associated with?
A) Western Europe
B) Asia
C) The African diaspora
D) Latin America
- 95. Which Surrealist group was founded in Chile in 1938?
A) Mandrágora
B) Association des Ecrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires
C) Tropiques
D) Bureau of Surrealist Research
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