A) Weather refers to long-term atmospheric patterns, while climate is short-term. B) Climate changes more frequently than weather. C) Climate refers to long-term atmospheric patterns, while weather is short-term variability. D) Weather and climate describe identical atmospheric conditions.
A) Ozone layer depletion B) Random fluctuations in Earth’s weather systems C) Variations in the Earth–Sun geometric relationship D) Sudden shifts in ocean currents
A) Earth’s rotation B) Sound waves C) Heat from the sun D) Ocean currents
A) The effects he calculated were too large to be realistic B) His calculations were inaccurate C) The changes in sunlight were too small to trigger major climate events D) His theory contradicted Newtonian mechanics
A) A geographic zone characterized by atmospheric conditions B) The tilt of the Earth’s axis C) The relationship between temperature and humidity D) The difference between aphelion and perihelion
A) Methane B) Nitrogen C) Water vapor D) CO₂
A) It is elliptical but the Earth’s axis remains fixed. B) It is circular and maintains a fixed orientation in space. C) It is circular but its orientation constantly shifts. D) It is elliptical and its orientation changes over time.
A) Demonstrated that Earth’s tilt never changes B) Established that sunlight is constant over time C) Disproved the idea of orbital cycles D) Introduced the concept of chaos, showing small changes can have major effects
A) Temperature of the oceans B) Earthquakes C) CO₂ levels over time D) Distance to the sun
A) Solstice B) Equinox C) Perihelion D) Precession
A) It shows that summative effects of small changes can unexpectedly amplify B) It eliminates the need for Milankovitch cycles C) It proves that climate change is entirely human-caused D) It rejects all Newtonian physics
A) Earth’s tilt B) Solar storms C) Rotation speed D) Human activities
A) Perihelion B) Winter solstice C) Summer solstice D) Equinox
A) Volcanic activity B) Milankovitch cycles alone C) Human industry D) Increased ocean evaporation
A) More rainfall B) Less sunlight C) More trees D) Burning fossil fuels
A) The shift in distance between aphelion and perihelion B) Seasonal temperature fluctuations caused by Earth’s tilt C) The movement of equinox points due to axial precession D) The elliptical nature of Earth’s orbit
A) Humans influence climate more than nature B) The greenhouse effect does not exist C) Solar radiation changes alone determine temperature D) Earth’s climate has always changed without human influence
A) Makes Earth colder B) Stops sunlight from entering C) Stops Earth’s rotation D) Makes Earth habitable
A) Because orbital factors eliminate the need to study atmospheric conditions B) Because changes in orbital orientation influence how much solar energy reaches Earth C) Because weather patterns are fully determined by orbital distance D) Because the orbit of the Earth never changes
A) Temperature was decreasing B) Natural cycles were the dominant influence at that time C) Humans were already causing warming D) Industrialization had no impact
A) Tyndall B) Newton C) Poincaré D) Keeling
A) Simple machines B) Complex and unpredictable systems C) Predictable patterns only D) Earthquakes
A) The daily changes in temperature B) Sudden changes in the atmosphere C) Long-term weather patterns of an area D) Short-term storms and rainfall
A) To slope B) To move C) To heat D) To turn
A) The wobble or change in the Earth’s axis B) The longest day of the year C) The tilt of the Earth D) The shortest day of the year
A) Car wheel B) Boat C) Spinning top (trumpo) D) Flying bird
A) Months B) Tens of thousands of years C) Hundreds of years D) Days
A) The sun is over the equator B) Earth is farthest from the sun C) Day and night are equal D) Longest daylight of the year
A) Circle B) Ellipse C) Triangle D) Spiral
A) Oxygen B) Methane C) Carbon dioxide D) Water vapor
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