- 1. Anuradhapura, the ancient capital of Sri Lanka, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site celebrated for its remarkable archaeological significance and rich history that dates back to the 4th century BC. Nestled in the North Central Province, this city was the center of Sri Lankan civilization for over a millennium and is renowned for its well-preserved ruins of palaces, monasteries, and stupas. Notable features include the Sri Maha Bodhi, which is believed to be a sapling from the sacred fig tree under which the Buddha attained enlightenment, making it one of the oldest living trees in the world. The sprawling complex of the Ruwanwelisaya stupa stands as a testament to the ancient engineering prowess, encasing relics of the Buddha and attracting pilgrims from across the globe. The city's layout reflects the sophisticated urban planning of the time, complemented by an intricate system of irrigation that supported agriculture in the region. Anuradhapura remains a vital religious hub, fostering Theravada Buddhism and continuing to host vibrant festivals that celebrate its historical and spiritual heritage, drawing visitors who are eager to explore its storied past and serene atmosphere.
Which religion is predominantly associated with Anuradhapura?
A) Christianity
B) Islam
C) Hinduism
D) Buddhism
- 2. Which ancient kingdom was Anuradhapura the capital of?
A) Polonnaruwa Kingdom
B) Jaffna Kingdom
C) Kandyan Kingdom
D) Anuradhapura Kingdom
- 3. Which tree is considered sacred in Anuradhapura?
A) Neem tree
B) Bodhi tree
C) Jack tree
D) Mango tree
- 4. What UNESCO designation does Anuradhapura hold?
A) World Heritage Site
B) Biosphere Reserve
C) Cultural Landscape
D) Geopark
- 5. What is the significance of the Isurumuniya rock temple?
A) Trade routes
B) Agricultural fields
C) Buddhist carvings and sculptures
D) A royal palace
- 6. Which museum is located in Anuradhapura?
A) Galle Museum
B) Anuradhapura Archaeological Museum
C) National Museum of Colombo
D) Kandy Museum
- 7. What does the term 'Vihara' mean in relation to Anuradhapura?
A) Market place
B) Buddhist monastery
C) Farming land
D) Royal palace
- 8. What is unique about the Jetavanaramaya?
A) It has a large garden
B) It is an underground structure
C) It is made of granite
D) It was one of the tallest stupas in the world
- 9. Which ethnic group primarily occupies Anuradhapura today?
A) Tamils
B) Burghers
C) Muslims
D) Sinhalese
- 10. What major event is commemorated during the Poson Poya festival in Anuradhapura?
A) Harvest festival
B) New year celebration
C) The introduction of Buddhism to Sri Lanka
D) Victory over invaders
- 11. Who is the main deity worshiped at the ancient temples of Anuradhapura?
A) Shiva
B) Ganesha
C) Buddha
D) Vishnu
- 12. What ancient connectivity was highlighted in Anuradhapura?
A) Military routes to the north
B) Trade routes with India
C) Cultural exchanges with China
D) Fishing routes along the coast
- 13. What other ancient city served as the capital after Anuradhapura?
A) Polonnaruwa
B) Sigiriya
C) Kandy
D) Colombo
- 14. What kind of structure is the Thuparamaya?
A) An ancient palace
B) A dagoba (stupa)
C) A fortress
D) A temple for rituals
- 15. What type of script was used for inscriptions in Anuradhapura?
A) Brahmi script
B) Tamil script
C) Latin script
D) Devanagari script
- 16. Which ancient king is credited with establishing Anuradhapura?
A) King Mahasena
B) King Vasabha
C) King Pandukabhaya
D) King Devanampiya Tissa
- 17. What does the term 'Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi' refer to?
A) A statue of Buddha
B) A sacred fig tree
C) An ancient stupa
D) A royal palace
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