- 1. Where is the Carménère grape primarily grown?
A) Chile
B) France
C) Italy
D) Spain
- 2. What is the characteristic flavor often associated with Carménère wines?
A) Vanilla
B) Green pepper
C) Chocolate
D) Pineapple
- 3. What is the parent grape of Carménère?
A) Cabernet Franc
B) Malbec
C) Merlot
D) Sauvignon Blanc
- 4. Which type of wine is Carménère commonly used to produce?
A) White wine
B) Red wine
C) Rosé wine
D) Sparkling wine
- 5. Which country did Carménère originally come from?
A) Italy
B) Portugal
C) Spain
D) France
- 6. Which of the following famous wine critics has praised Carménère wines?
A) Anthony Bourdain
B) Martha Stewart
C) Gordon Ramsay
D) James Suckling
- 7. What is the origin of the name 'Carménère'?
A) Spanish
B) German
C) Italian
D) French
- 8. In which year was the Carménère grape rediscovered in Chile?
A) 2005
B) 1887
C) 1976
D) 1994
- 9. What is a major reason why Carménère was almost extinct in Europe?
A) Phylloxera plague in 1867
B) Climate change
C) Coulure condition
D) Oidium disease
- 10. Why did wine growers stop replanting Carménère after the phylloxera plague?
A) It had low market demand
B) It was too expensive
C) It produced poor quality wine
D) It was extremely hard to find and difficult to grow
- 11. What condition affected Carménère vines in Bordeaux's spring weather?
A) Mildew
B) Coulure
C) Rot
D) Drought
- 12. What is the name by which Bordeaux was known during ancient Rome, possibly linked to Carménère?
A) Lugdunum
B) Biturica
C) Gallia
D) Aquae Calidae
- 13. Which modern-day countries were part of ancient Iberia, where Carménère's antecedent may have originated?
A) France and Italy
B) Germany and Austria
C) Greece and Turkey
D) Spain and Portugal
- 14. In which Italian region is Carménère also grown?
A) Piedmont
B) Friuli-Venezia Giulia
C) Tuscany
D) Sicily
- 15. Who rediscovered Carménère as a distinct varietal in Chile?
A) Marcelo Retamal
B) Pablo Neruda
C) Fernando Castillo Velasco
D) Jean Boursiquot
- 16. In which year was Carménère authorized to be used in Italian DOC wines from Veneto?
A) 2003
B) 2007
C) 1995
D) 2010
- 17. In which region was Carménère mistakenly planted as Cabernet Franc?
A) Walla Walla Valley, Washington
B) Matakana, New Zealand
C) Lake County, California
D) Geelong, Victoria
- 18. What character might Merlot grapes impart if picked when Carménère is fully ripe?
A) Floral aroma
B) Green pepper flavor
C) "Jammy" character
D) Citrus notes
- 19. How many hectares of Carménère are currently producing red and rosé at Lozärn Wines?
A) Half a hectare
B) 3 hectares
C) 1.8 hectares
D) 8.5 hectares
- 20. Which grape buds and flowers three to seven days later than Merlot?
A) Carménère
B) Cabernet Franc
C) Cabernet Sauvignon
D) Pinot Noir
- 21. With which type of food can Carménère be easily paired due to its gentler tannins?
A) Fish
B) Pasta
C) Red meat
D) Cheese
- 22. What is the body type of Carménère wine?
A) Light body
B) Heavy body
C) Medium body
D) Full body
- 23. What name does the Ca' del Bosco Winery use for their Carménère wine?
A) Carmenero
B) Bordeaux blend
C) Cabernet Franc
D) Merlot
- 24. In which year did the Chilean Department of Agriculture officially recognize Carménère as a distinct variety?
A) 1998
B) 2000
C) 1994
D) 1985
- 25. In which region of modern-day France does Carménère officially exist?
A) Only a few hundred acres
B) None, it has been completely eradicated
C) Extensively throughout the country
D) Primarily in Bordeaux
- 26. Which winery is known for championing Carménère in South Africa?
A) Narromine Vine Nursery
B) Guenoc and Langtry Estates Winery
C) Amietta Vineyard
D) Lozärn Wines
- 27. Which natural boundaries helped protect Carménère crops in Chile from phylloxera?
A) Artificial barriers
B) Fenced vineyards
C) The country's natural boundaries
D) Pesticide treatments
- 28. What is the total area planted with Carménère in South Africa?
A) 8.5 hectares
B) Half a hectare
C) 1.8 hectares
D) 10 hectares
- 29. Which Italian winery acquired vines thought to be Cabernet Franc that were actually Carménère?
A) Marchesi Antinori
B) Barolo Wine Company
C) Ca' del Bosco Winery
D) Antinori Winery
- 30. In which century were Carménère cuttings imported by Chilean growers from Bordeaux?
A) 19th
B) 17th
C) 20th
D) 18th
- 31. What was Carménère known as in Chile due to its confusion with Merlot?
A) Cabernet Franc
B) Bordeaux blend
C) Merlot selection or Merlot Peumal
D) Chilean Merlot
- 32. Which ministerial decree allowed producers of Piave DOC wines to specify Carmenère on the label?
A) 1998
B) 2009
C) 2011
D) 2007
- 33. What color are the undersides of young Carménère leaves?
A) Green
B) White
C) Yellow
D) Reddish hue
- 34. What grape was Carménère frequently confused with in Bordeaux during its importation to Chile?
A) Pinot Noir
B) Merlot
C) Cabernet Sauvignon
D) Syrah
- 35. In which Australian region was the first Carménère vineyard planted?
A) Lake County
B) Robertson region
C) Walla Walla Valley
D) Moorabool Valley (Geelong, Victoria)
- 36. Which flavor might Carménère have when produced from optimally ripe grapes?
A) Cherry-like, fruity flavor
B) Sour grape notes
C) Herbal flavor
D) Citrusy flavor
- 37. When was the first single-varietal Carménère produced in South Africa?
A) 2006
B) December 2017
C) 2014
D) 1990s
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