- 1. Where is the Carménère grape primarily grown?
A) Italy
B) France
C) Spain
D) Chile
- 2. What is the characteristic flavor often associated with Carménère wines?
A) Vanilla
B) Chocolate
C) Pineapple
D) Green pepper
- 3. What is the parent grape of Carménère?
A) Malbec
B) Sauvignon Blanc
C) Cabernet Franc
D) Merlot
- 4. Which type of wine is Carménère commonly used to produce?
A) White wine
B) Rosé wine
C) Red wine
D) Sparkling wine
- 5. Which country did Carménère originally come from?
A) Spain
B) France
C) Italy
D) Portugal
- 6. Which of the following famous wine critics has praised Carménère wines?
A) Anthony Bourdain
B) Martha Stewart
C) James Suckling
D) Gordon Ramsay
- 7. What is the origin of the name 'Carménère'?
A) French
B) Italian
C) German
D) Spanish
- 8. In which year was the Carménère grape rediscovered in Chile?
A) 2005
B) 1976
C) 1994
D) 1887
- 9. What is a major reason why Carménère was almost extinct in Europe?
A) Oidium disease
B) Coulure condition
C) Phylloxera plague in 1867
D) Climate change
- 10. Why did wine growers stop replanting Carménère after the phylloxera plague?
A) It produced poor quality wine
B) It was extremely hard to find and difficult to grow
C) It was too expensive
D) It had low market demand
- 11. What condition affected Carménère vines in Bordeaux's spring weather?
A) Rot
B) Coulure
C) Drought
D) Mildew
- 12. What is the name by which Bordeaux was known during ancient Rome, possibly linked to Carménère?
A) Aquae Calidae
B) Biturica
C) Gallia
D) Lugdunum
- 13. Which modern-day countries were part of ancient Iberia, where Carménère's antecedent may have originated?
A) Greece and Turkey
B) Spain and Portugal
C) Germany and Austria
D) France and Italy
- 14. In which Italian region is Carménère also grown?
A) Tuscany
B) Piedmont
C) Friuli-Venezia Giulia
D) Sicily
- 15. Who rediscovered Carménère as a distinct varietal in Chile?
A) Fernando Castillo Velasco
B) Marcelo Retamal
C) Jean Boursiquot
D) Pablo Neruda
- 16. In which year was Carménère authorized to be used in Italian DOC wines from Veneto?
A) 2010
B) 2003
C) 1995
D) 2007
- 17. In which region was Carménère mistakenly planted as Cabernet Franc?
A) Matakana, New Zealand
B) Lake County, California
C) Geelong, Victoria
D) Walla Walla Valley, Washington
- 18. What character might Merlot grapes impart if picked when Carménère is fully ripe?
A) Citrus notes
B) Green pepper flavor
C) "Jammy" character
D) Floral aroma
- 19. How many hectares of Carménère are currently producing red and rosé at Lozärn Wines?
A) Half a hectare
B) 1.8 hectares
C) 8.5 hectares
D) 3 hectares
- 20. Which grape buds and flowers three to seven days later than Merlot?
A) Carménère
B) Cabernet Sauvignon
C) Pinot Noir
D) Cabernet Franc
- 21. With which type of food can Carménère be easily paired due to its gentler tannins?
A) Cheese
B) Fish
C) Red meat
D) Pasta
- 22. What is the body type of Carménère wine?
A) Full body
B) Heavy body
C) Light body
D) Medium body
- 23. What name does the Ca' del Bosco Winery use for their Carménère wine?
A) Bordeaux blend
B) Merlot
C) Cabernet Franc
D) Carmenero
- 24. In which year did the Chilean Department of Agriculture officially recognize Carménère as a distinct variety?
A) 1985
B) 2000
C) 1994
D) 1998
- 25. In which region of modern-day France does Carménère officially exist?
A) Primarily in Bordeaux
B) Only a few hundred acres
C) Extensively throughout the country
D) None, it has been completely eradicated
- 26. Which winery is known for championing Carménère in South Africa?
A) Guenoc and Langtry Estates Winery
B) Lozärn Wines
C) Amietta Vineyard
D) Narromine Vine Nursery
- 27. Which natural boundaries helped protect Carménère crops in Chile from phylloxera?
A) Pesticide treatments
B) Artificial barriers
C) The country's natural boundaries
D) Fenced vineyards
- 28. What is the total area planted with Carménère in South Africa?
A) Half a hectare
B) 10 hectares
C) 1.8 hectares
D) 8.5 hectares
- 29. Which Italian winery acquired vines thought to be Cabernet Franc that were actually Carménère?
A) Ca' del Bosco Winery
B) Barolo Wine Company
C) Antinori Winery
D) Marchesi Antinori
- 30. In which century were Carménère cuttings imported by Chilean growers from Bordeaux?
A) 18th
B) 17th
C) 20th
D) 19th
- 31. What was Carménère known as in Chile due to its confusion with Merlot?
A) Cabernet Franc
B) Chilean Merlot
C) Bordeaux blend
D) Merlot selection or Merlot Peumal
- 32. Which ministerial decree allowed producers of Piave DOC wines to specify Carmenère on the label?
A) 2011
B) 2007
C) 2009
D) 1998
- 33. What color are the undersides of young Carménère leaves?
A) Green
B) Yellow
C) Reddish hue
D) White
- 34. What grape was Carménère frequently confused with in Bordeaux during its importation to Chile?
A) Syrah
B) Cabernet Sauvignon
C) Pinot Noir
D) Merlot
- 35. In which Australian region was the first Carménère vineyard planted?
A) Robertson region
B) Lake County
C) Walla Walla Valley
D) Moorabool Valley (Geelong, Victoria)
- 36. Which flavor might Carménère have when produced from optimally ripe grapes?
A) Cherry-like, fruity flavor
B) Herbal flavor
C) Sour grape notes
D) Citrusy flavor
- 37. When was the first single-varietal Carménère produced in South Africa?
A) 1990s
B) December 2017
C) 2014
D) 2006
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