- 1. The influence of Hinduism on Southeast Asian culture is profound and multifaceted, shaping the region's art, architecture, social structures, and religious practices over centuries. Originating from the Indian subcontinent, Hinduism spread to Southeast Asia through trade routes and cultural exchanges, leaving indelible marks in countries such as Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia, and Malaysia. In the realm of art, the intricate carvings of Hindu deities and epic narratives of texts like the Ramayana and Mahabharata can be seen in the stone temples of Angkor Wat in Cambodia and the Prambanan temple complex in Indonesia. Moreover, local adaptations of Hindu beliefs integrated with indigenous traditions have led to the unique expressions of Hinduism manifested in various festivals, rituals, and local deities, often blending seamlessly with Buddhism, which also took root in the region. The caste system, although interpreted differently, influenced social hierarchies, while the concept of dharma and karma shaped the ethical and moral frameworks within various Southeast Asian societies. This rich tapestry of cultural exchange not only highlights the resilience and adaptability of Hinduism but also illustrates how it has become an integral part of the identity of many Southeast Asian nations, enriching their cultural heritage while fostering a diverse spiritual landscape.
What major Hindu text was often used in Southeast Asian art and literature?
A) Puranas
B) Bhagavad Gita
C) Upanishads
D) Ramayana
- 2. Which of the following Southeast Asian countries has a significant number of Hindu temples?
A) Indonesia
B) Thailand
C) Malaysia
D) Vietnam
- 3. What type of architecture in Southeast Asia is heavily influenced by Hindu designs?
A) Islamic mosques
B) Temple architecture
C) Wooden palaces
D) Colonial buildings
- 4. What dance in Bali is derived from Hindu epics?
A) Bharatanatyam
B) Kathak
C) Odissi
D) Kecak
- 5. Which of the following gods is commonly worshiped in Southeast Asian Hindu temples?
A) Confucius
B) Buddha
C) Allah
D) Brahma
- 6. What aspect of Hindu culture contributed to the social structures in Southeast Asia?
A) Caste system
B) Socialism
C) Communism
D) Feudalism
- 7. Which Southeast Asian city is known for its Angkor Wat, a Hindu temple complex?
A) Jakarta
B) Siem Reap
C) Hanoi
D) Bangkok
- 8. What is the significance of the sacred cow in Hindu culture as it pertains to Southeast Asia?
A) It is used for labor.
B) It is revered and protected.
C) It is a main food source.
D) It is considered unclean.
- 9. Which famous temple in Cambodia originally honored Hindu deities?
A) Angkor Wat
B) Preah Vihear
C) Ta Prohm
D) Bayon
- 10. Which Hindu deity is often associated with wealth and prosperity?
A) Lakshmi
B) Saraswati
C) Hanuman
D) Ganesha
- 11. Which historical trading route facilitated the spread of Hinduism to Southeast Asia?
A) Maritime Silk Road
B) Incense Route
C) Royal Road
D) Trans-Saharan Trade Route
- 12. Which ancient civilization in Southeast Asia was heavily influenced by Hinduism?
A) Khmer Empire
B) Inca Empire
C) Mayan Civilization
D) Roman Empire
- 13. What is the main text associated with Hindu philosophy?
A) Quran
B) The Bible
C) Bhagavad Gita
D) Tao Te Ching
- 14. What is the primary religion in Bali, Indonesia, which has Hindu influences?
A) Islam
B) Balinese Hinduism
C) Buddhism
D) Christianity
- 15. What is the term for the Hindu belief in righteous living and duty?
A) Karma
B) Samsara
C) Moksha
D) Dharma
- 16. Which Hindu festival celebrates the arrival of spring and love?
A) Baisakhi
B) Eid al-Adha
C) Diwali
D) Holi
- 17. In which country is the ancient city of Ayutthaya located?
A) Malaysia
B) Cambodia
C) Thailand
D) Vietnam
- 18. What is the primary language of ancient Hindu texts?
A) Sanskrit
B) Chinese
C) Pali
D) Malay
- 19. Hinduism in Southeast Asia often blends with which religion?
A) Sikhism
B) Islam
C) Buddhism
D) Christianity
- 20. Which traditional performance art in Indonesia is influenced by Hindu epics?
A) Kabuki
B) Noh
C) Bharatanatyam
D) Wayang Kulit
- 21. What type of architecture is associated with Hindu temples in Southeast Asia?
A) Baroque
B) Dravidian
C) Modernist
D) Gothic
- 22. Which Southeast Asian country is home to the famous Angkor Wat temple complex?
A) Indonesia
B) Vietnam
C) Thailand
D) Cambodia
- 23. What is the name of the Hindu god of war worshipped in Southeast Asia?
A) Hanuman
B) Rama
C) Ganesha
D) Kartikeya
- 24. What architectural feature is commonly found in Hindu temples in Southeast Asia?
A) Dome
B) Minaret
C) Shikhara
D) Column
- 25. Which city is famous for its large Hindu temple complex known as Prambanan?
A) Medan
B) Yogyakarta
C) Bali
D) Jakarta
- 26. Which Hindu deity is depicted as the preserver in the trimurti?
A) Shiva
B) Vishnu
C) Krishna
D) Brahma
- 27. Which Hindu deity is known as the remover of obstacles?
A) Hanuman
B) Durga
C) Ganesha
D) Rama
- 28. What is the term for the belief in multiple gods within Hinduism?
A) Atheism
B) Monotheism
C) Polytheism
D) Agnosticism
- 29. What is the primary goal of Hindu life according to its teachings?
A) Fame
B) Moksha (liberation)
C) Wealth
D) Power
- 30. What concept in Hinduism describes the cycle of life, death, and rebirth?
A) Moksha
B) Samsara
C) Dharma
D) Karma
- 31. Which animal is considered sacred in Hinduism and revered in many cultures?
A) Horse
B) Cow
C) Tiger
D) Elephant
- 32. Who is the Hindu god of destruction, often worshipped in temples?
A) Shiva
B) Krishna
C) Vishnu
D) Brahma
- 33. Which Hindu-inspired art form is widely practiced in Thailand?
A) Wayang Kulit
B) Kabuki
C) Noh theater
D) Khon dance
- 34. Which Southeast Asian island is known for its dominant Hindu culture?
A) Java
B) Sumatra
C) Lombok
D) Bali
- 35. The concept of dharma in Hinduism refers to what?
A) Spiritual enlightenment
B) Righteous duty
C) Wealth accumulation
D) Sacred knowledge
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