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Iron Guard - Quiz
Contributed by: Collins
  • 1. What was Romania's official status at the beginning of World War II?
A) Soviet satellite
B) Axis member
C) Allied member
D) Neutral
  • 2. Which country had a secret interest in Bessarabia according to the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact?
A) Germany
B) Poland
C) Hungary
D) Soviet Union
  • 3. Whose assassination occurred on 21 September?
A) Horia Sima
B) Nicolae Iorga
C) Ion Antonescu
D) Călinescu
  • 4. What event in May 1940 made the political climate more favorable to legionnaires?
A) The annexation of Bessarabia
B) The fall of France
C) The fall of Britain
D) The invasion of Poland
  • 5. What did King Carol rename his single party into in 1940?
A) Nationalist Alliance
B) Iron Guard Front
C) Party of the Nation
D) National Legionary State
  • 6. Who joined the government of Ion Gigurtu on 4 July?
A) Ion Antonescu
B) Horia Sima
C) Michael I
D) Nicolae Iorga
  • 7. Why did the legionnaires resign from the Gigurtu government after a month?
A) They were fired by the King
B) Pressure to have Carol abdicate
C) Germany withdrew support
D) Internal party disagreement
  • 8. Which territory was ceded to Hungary due to the Second Vienna Award?
A) Southern Dobruja
B) Northern Transylvania
C) Bessarabia
D) Bukovina
  • 9. Who became the Conducător of Romania after Carol II's abdication?
A) Nicolae Iorga
B) King Michael
C) Horia Sima
D) Ion Antonescu
  • 10. What was the name of the state proclaimed on 15 September?
A) National Legionary State
B) Romanian Legionary Kingdom
C) Totalitarian Romania
D) The Iron Guard Republic
  • 11. What unique distinction did the Iron Guard have among Fascist movements?
A) Had no ties to the church
B) Founded by the military
C) Lasted for over a decade
D) Came to power without foreign assistance
  • 12. What happened at Jilava prison on 27 November 1940?
A) The King was imprisoned
B) Antonescu was overthrown
C) More than 60 dignitaries were executed
D) The Legion leadership was arrested
  • 13. Which famous historian was assassinated on 28 November 1940?
A) Nicolae Iorga
B) Constantin Argetoianu
C) Ion Gigurtu
D) Virgil Madgearu
  • 14. Who were the Legionaries originally seeking to assassinate in addition to Iorga and Madgearu?
A) King Michael and his family
B) The German Ambassador
C) General Antonescu
D) Constantin Argetoianu, Guță Tătărescu and Ion Gigurtu
  • 15. How long did the Legion remain in power?
A) Until 21 January 1941
B) Until the end of the war
C) Only one week
D) Until 1945
  • 16. What percentage of the vote did the Legion receive in the 1937 parliamentary elections?
A) 15.5%
B) 20%
C) 25.5%
D) 10%
  • 17. What year was King Carol II forced to abdicate?
A) 1937
B) 1938
C) 1940
D) 1939
  • 18. What did King Carol II initiate on 10 February 1938?
A) A royal dictatorship
B) A parliamentary coalition
C) A democratic alliance
D) A military coup
  • 19. How did Codreanu die on the night of 29–30 November 1938?
A) Public hanging
B) Strangulation
C) Firing squad
D) Poisoning
  • 20. Where did many members of the Legion flee for exile after being crushed by the king?
A) Germany
B) France
C) Britain
D) Hungary
  • 21. Which organization provided significant support to the Legion in Germany?
A) The Vatican
B) The French Army
C) SS
D) The British Secret Service
  • 22. How many Legionnaires were massacred by the government in reprisal for Călinescu's assassination?
A) Under 50
B) Exactly 100
C) Over 300
D) Over 1000
  • 23. What was the name of the Legion headquarters in Bucharest?
A) The Bunker
B) Iron Palace
C) Green House
D) Legion Hall
  • 24. On what date was Horia Sima officially recognized as the leader by the Legionary Forum?
A) 28 September 1940
B) 7 March 1939
C) 16 April 1938
D) 6 September 1940
  • 25. Who was the SS Volksgruppenführer that Horia Sima was close to?
A) Andreas Schmidt
B) Gottlob Berger
C) Alfred Rosenberg
D) Armand Călinescu
  • 26. Which historian argued that SS support was essential to Sima's rise?
A) Alfred Rosenberg
B) Horia Sima
C) Andreas Schmidt
D) Rebecca Haynes
  • 27. Who founded the Legion of the Archangel Michael in 1927?
A) Corneliu Zelea Codreanu
B) Ion Antonescu
C) Horia Sima
D) A.C. Cuza
  • 28. What was the popular nickname for members of the Iron Guard based on their uniforms?
A) Brownshirts
B) Blackshirts
C) Greenshirts
D) Redshirts
  • 29. What religious tradition deeply influenced the Iron Guard's ideology?
A) Protestant fundamentalism
B) Roman Catholic theology
C) Romanian Orthodox Christian mysticism
D) Islamic mysticism
  • 30. What was the official name of the party used by the organization starting in 1935?
A) Garda de Fier
B) Liga Apărării Național Creștine
C) Totul pentru Țară
D) Legiunea Arhanghelul Mihail
  • 31. Which party did Codreanu leave before founding the Legion of the Archangel Michael?
A) National-Christian Defense League
B) National Liberal Party
C) The Peasants' Party
D) The Iron Guard Party
  • 32. What did the Iron Guard leaders often wear to emphasize their commitment to folk values?
A) Traditional peasant costumes
B) Religious robes
C) Military uniforms
D) Western-style suits
  • 33. What did Codreanu claim were 'Jewish inventions' designed to destroy Romania?
A) Democratic values
B) Peasant customs
C) Military discipline
D) Orthodox traditions
  • 34. In which city did the Iron Guard attend a fascist conference in 1934 as an observer?
A) Berlin
B) Paris
C) Bucharest
D) Montreux
  • 35. What did the Iron Guard insist must be an integral component of fascism at the 1934 conference?
A) Geography
B) Economics
C) Race
D) Religion
  • 36. Which historical figure did Antonescu intend to model his regime after?
A) Benito Mussolini
B) Francisco Franco
C) Joseph Stalin
D) Adolf Hitler
  • 37. Which German official played a major role in smuggling arms for the Iron Guard?
A) Adolf Hitler
B) Joachim von Ribbentrop
C) Heinrich Himmler
D) Baron Otto von Bolschwing
  • 38. What happened to the Iron Guard movement following the three-day civil war?
A) It was declared the sole ruling party
B) It merged with the army
C) It was banned
D) It moved its headquarters to Bucharest
  • 39. Who was the American ambassador who reported on the Bucharest slaughterhouse massacre?
A) William Bullitt
B) Franklin Mott Gunther
C) Joseph Grew
D) George Kennan
  • 40. How many Jews were killed by the Iron Guard during the rebellion and pogrom?
A) 9,000
B) 60
C) 125
D) 30
  • 41. What were the placards in the Bucharest slaughterhouse labeled?
A) State assets
B) Romanian rations
C) Legionary property
D) Kosher meat
  • 42. How many members of the Iron Guard were imprisoned after the failed coup?
A) 60
B) 125
C) 9,000
D) 30
  • 43. What was the attitude of Antonescu toward Jewish people?
A) He was protective of the Jewish population
B) He was indifferent
C) He was forced by the Iron Guard to be antisemitic
D) He was virulently antisemitic
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