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Macedonia (ancient kingdom) - Quiz
Contributed by: Tucker
  • 1. What caused Pyrrhus to lose much of his support among the Macedonians in 273 BC?
A) He lost a major naval battle against the Ptolemaic fleet.
B) He retreated from the Peloponnese without a fight.
C) He attempted to replace the Argead dynasty with his own family.
D) His Gallic mercenaries plundered the royal cemetery of Aigai.
  • 2. In what year was Pyrrhus killed while besieging Argos?
A) 251 BC
B) 272 BC
C) 261 BC
D) 273 BC
  • 3. Which kingdom did Antigonus II annex after reclaiming Macedonia?
A) Sparta
B) Paeonia
C) Thrace
D) Epirus
  • 4. The Chremonidean War was fought between 267 and 261 BC, involving an alliance between Athens and which power?
A) Ptolemaic Egypt
B) The Aetolian League
C) The Seleucid Empire
D) The Dardanian Kingdom
  • 5. Which battle resulted in the defeat of a Ptolemaic fleet during the Chremonidean War?
A) Battle of Andros
B) Battle of Paxos
C) Battle of Sellasia
D) Battle of Cos
  • 6. Who led the rebellion against Antigonus II in 251 BC?
A) Chremonides
B) Demetrius of Pharos
C) Aratus of Sicyon
D) Alexander of Corinth
  • 7. When did the Macedonians lose the Acrocorinth to the forces of Aratus?
A) 240 BC
B) 246 BC
C) 243 BC
D) 251 BC
  • 8. Who succeeded Antigonus II after his death in 239 BC?
A) Antigonus III Doson
B) Philip V of Macedon
C) Demetrius II of Macedon
D) Alexander of Corinth
  • 9. Demetrius II damaged relations with the Seleucids by divorcing whom?
A) Phthia of Macedon
B) Olympias II
C) Stratonice of Macedon
D) Cleomenes III
  • 10. Which Illyrian king aided Demetrius II in defending Acarnania against Aetolia?
A) Longarus
B) Scerdilaidas
C) Agron
D) Demetrius of Pharos
  • 11. What occurred at the Battle of Paxos in 229 BC?
A) Demetrius II and Illyrian forces defeated the Aetolian and Achaean Leagues.
B) The Roman Republic defeated Philip V.
C) Macedonia lost control of the Peloponnese.
D) Antigonus III Doson captured the Aetolian fleet.
  • 12. Who invaded Macedonia shortly before the death of Demetrius II?
A) Ptolemy II Philadelphus
B) Longarus of the Dardanian Kingdom
C) Aratus of Sicyon
D) Cleomenes III of Sparta
  • 13. Who served as regent for the young Philip following the death of Demetrius II?
A) Demetrius of Pharos
B) Antigonus III Doson
C) Aratus of Sicyon
D) Cleomenes III
  • 14. What did Antigonus III demand in exchange for his alliance with Aratus in 226 BC?
A) The annexation of the Aetolian League
B) The return of Corinth to Macedonian control
C) The total surrender of Sparta
D) Military aid against the Seleucid Empire
  • 15. Which battle marked the defeat of Sparta in 222 BC by Antigonus III?
A) Battle of Sellasia
B) Battle of Cos
C) Battle of Paxos
D) Battle of Lake Trasimene
  • 16. What is the likely cause of death of Antigonus III in 221 BC?
A) Tuberculosis
B) A naval accident
C) A battlefield wound
D) A rebellion in Macedon
  • 17. Philip V made peace with the Aetolians in 217 BC due to concerns about which two events?
A) The death of Antigonus III and a revolt in Corinth
B) The rise of the Achaean League and a Seleucid invasion
C) The loss of the Macedonian fleet and a famine in Epirus
D) Dardanian incursions and the Carthaginian victory at Lake Trasimene
  • 18. Who convinced Philip V to secure Illyria before invading the Italian peninsula?
A) Aratus of Sicyon
B) Longarus
C) Scerdilaidas
D) Demetrius of Pharos
  • 19. What prompted Scerdilaidas to appeal to the Romans for aid against Philip V?
A) The Aetolian League had betrayed the Ardiaean Kingdom.
B) The Dardanian Kingdom had been destroyed.
C) Philip V formed an alliance with Carthage.
D) Philip V sent a fleet of light warships to attack Illyria.
  • 20. How did Rome initially respond to Philip V's actions in the Adriatic Sea in 216 BC?
A) They retreated from the Illyrian coast.
B) They captured the Macedonian fleet in a naval engagement.
C) They declared full-scale war on Macedonia.
D) They sent ten heavy quinqueremes to patrol the Illyrian coasts.
  • 21. How old was Philip II when he became king in 359 BC?
A) Thirty
B) Twenty-seven
C) Twenty-four
D) Twenty-one
  • 22. Which weapon was introduced as part of the Macedonian phalanx reforms?
A) Sarissa
B) Short sword
C) Composite bow
D) Javelin
  • 23. Philip II spent his adolescent years as a political hostage in which city?
A) Thebes
B) Athens
C) Larissa
D) Sparta
  • 24. What is the modern name of the city Philip II founded as Philippopolis?
A) Sofia
B) Plovdiv
C) Skopje
D) Athens
  • 25. Which major Greek city-state was excluded from the League of Corinth?
A) Athens
B) Thebes
C) Sparta
D) Corinth
  • 26. What title was Philip II granted by the League of Corinth for the campaign against Persia?
A) Strategos autokrator
B) Archon of Greece
C) Basileus of Asia
D) King of Kings
  • 27. Who was the ruler of the Odrysian kingdom that threatened Macedonia's northeast?
A) Bardylis
B) Sitalces
C) Perdiccas II
D) Arrhabaeus
  • 28. Which city was founded by Athens in 437/436 BC to secure silver, gold, and timber?
A) Pydna
B) Therma
C) Amphipolis
D) Beroea
  • 29. Which city did Perdiccas II capture while promoting the rebellion of Athens' allies?
A) Pella
B) Methone
C) Larissa
D) Potidaea
  • 30. What caused the Spartans to loot the Macedonian baggage train at Lyncestis?
A) The death of Brasidas
B) Macedonians fled before fighting
C) A shortage of provisions
D) An alliance with Argos
  • 31. Where did Archelaus I move the capital of the kingdom?
A) Pella
B) Aigai
C) Larissa
D) Pydna
  • 32. Which Athenian playwright resided at the royal court of Archelaus I?
A) Timotheus
B) Conon
C) Pericles
D) Euripides
  • 33. Who was the Illyrian leader that caused Amyntas III to flee his kingdom?
A) Arrhabaeus
B) Bardylis
C) Sirras
D) Ptolemy of Aloros
  • 34. Which Spartan leader helped the Macedonians defeat the Chalcidian League in 379 BC?
A) Timotheus
B) Agesilaus II
C) Teleutias
D) Brasidas
  • 35. What material did Archelaus I require to improve Macedonia's currency?
A) Gold
B) Timber
C) Copper
D) Silver
  • 36. What is the original Greek word that the name Macedonia is derived from?
A) Macédoine
B) Makrós
C) Makednós
D) Makedónes
  • 37. What does the ancient Greek adjective 'makednós' mean?
A) short, stout
B) strong, brave
C) highlanders
D) tall, slim
  • 38. According to Herodotus, the Makedónes were a people related to which group?
A) the Persians
B) the Romans
C) the Dorians
D) the Spartans
  • 39. The term 'makednós' is most likely cognate with which other ancient Greek adjective?
A) Dorian
B) Makedónes
C) makrós
D) Macédoine
  • 40. What does the ancient Greek adjective 'makrós' mean?
A) long or tall
B) large or small
C) high or thin
D) short or wide
  • 41. Which of the following is listed as a possible original meaning of the name Macedonia?
A) mountain dwellers
B) the brave ones
C) the deep ones
D) highlanders
  • 42. Which linguist claims that 'Makedónes' and 'makednós' are of Pre-Greek substrate origin?
A) Middle English
B) Robert S. P. Beekes
C) Filip De Decker
D) Herodotus
  • 43. Who rejects the arguments of Robert S. P. Beekes regarding the origin of the term?
A) Herodotus
B) The Romans
C) The Dorians
D) Filip De Decker
  • 44. From which language was the English variant 'Macedon' borrowed?
A) German
B) Ancient Greek
C) Latin
D) French
  • 45. In which period did the shorter English name variant 'Macedon' develop?
A) Ancient Greek
B) Early Modern English
C) Modern English
D) Middle English
  • 46. The French form of the name that influenced 'Macedon' is which of the following?
A) Macédoine
B) Makednós
C) Makrós
D) Makedónes
  • 47. According to the text, why might the name Macedonia be descriptive of the Ancient Macedonians?
A) It relates to their mountain homes
B) It identifies them as Persians
C) It could mean 'tall' or 'slim'
D) It references their metal working skills
  • 48. Which dynasty initially ruled the kingdom of Macedonia?
A) Ptolemaic
B) Antipatrid
C) Argead
D) Antigonid
  • 49. What was the capital of Macedonia before the 4th century BC?
A) Pella
B) Thessalonica
C) Aegae
D) Amphipolis
  • 50. Which kingdom bordered Macedonia to the east?
A) Thrace
B) Epirus
C) Thessaly
D) Illyria
  • 51. Who was the tutor of Alexander the Great?
A) Aristotle
B) Cassander
C) Philip II
D) Antigonus
  • 52. Who founded the city of Thessalonica?
A) Cassander
B) Alexander the Great
C) Philip II
D) Aristotle
  • 53. What empire did Alexander the Great overthrow during his campaign?
A) Achaemenid Empire
B) Roman Empire
C) Seleucid Empire
D) Ptolemaic Empire
  • 54. How did Macedonian kings finance their armies and navy?
A) Trade tariffs
B) Mining operations
C) Agricultural taxes
D) Looting of Rome
  • 55. Which of the following was NOT a successor dynasty mentioned in the text?
A) Antigonid
B) Argead
C) Attalid
D) Antipatrid
  • 56. What territory did Alexander's conquests reach in the east?
A) Nile River
B) Tigris River
C) Euphrates River
D) Indus River
  • 57. According to the legend reported by Herodotus and Thucydides, who were the Macedonian kings of the Argead dynasty descended from?
A) Perdiccas II
B) Darius I
C) Temenus
D) Alexander the Great
  • 58. The Argead dynasty claimed a direct lineage from which chief Greek god?
A) Zeus
B) Hermes
C) Apollo
D) Poseidon
  • 59. Which authority accepted the Argead descent from Temenus, allowing Alexander I to compete in the Olympic Games?
A) The Athenian Assembly
B) The Spartan Ephors
C) The Delphic Oracle
D) Hellanodikai
  • 60. Who was the father of Alexander I of Macedon?
A) Philip II
B) Caranus
C) Amyntas I
D) Perdiccas I
  • 61. Which group inhabited the lands of Thessaly to the south of Macedonia?
A) Illyrians
B) Greeks
C) Thracians
D) Persians
  • 62. Which general convinced Amyntas I to submit as a vassal to the Achaemenid Empire?
A) Megabazus
B) Darius I
C) Xerxes I
D) Mardonius
  • 63. What status did Macedonia hold within the Achaemenid Empire?
A) A full satrapy
B) A sovereign independent ally
C) A colonized territory governed by a Persian governor
D) Vassal state
  • 64. Alexander I served as an Achaemenid diplomat to propose a treaty to which city-state?
A) Thebes
B) Athens
C) Corinth
D) Sparta
  • 65. Which king of Persia launched an invasion into Europe against the Scythians and others?
A) Xerxes I
B) Artaxerxes
C) Darius I
D) Cyrus the Great
  • 66. Which region was inhabited by the Greek tribes of Lyncestae, Orestae, and Elimiotae?
A) Bottiaea
B) Lower Macedonia
C) Upper Macedonia
D) Pieria
  • 67. Which tribe did Alexander fight at Haemus Mons in 335 BC?
A) Taulantii
B) Spartans
C) Triballi
D) Pauravas
  • 68. Who was the king of the Taulantii who aided the Illyrians?
A) Glaucias
B) Bardylis
C) Porus
D) Cleitus
  • 69. Who captured and executed Darius III?
A) Bessus
B) Parmenion
C) Callisthenes
D) Alexander
  • 70. Where did Alexander's troops threaten to mutiny in 324 BC?
A) Opis
B) Ecbatana
C) Bactra
D) Thebes
  • 71. What act did Alexander borrow from Persian kings that his subjects found blasphemous?
A) Sacrificing to Zeus
B) Cutting the Gordian Knot
C) Proskynesis
D) Polygamous marriage
  • 72. Which court historian refused to perform the ritual of proskynesis?
A) Errington
B) Parmenion
C) Antipater
D) Callisthenes
  • 73. Who was Alexander's first wife?
A) Stateira II
B) Cleopatra Eurydice
C) Parysatis II
D) Roxana
  • 74. Who defeated the Spartan king Agis III at the Battle of Megalopolis?
A) Antipater
B) Memnon
C) Alexander
D) Parmenion
  • 75. Where did Alexander the Great die in 323 BC?
A) Babylon
B) Macedonia
C) Egypt
D) Athens
  • 76. What was the name of the rebellion against Antipater by the Greeks?
A) Siege of Piraeus
B) Lamian War
C) Second War of the Diadochi
D) Partition of Triparadisus
  • 77. Which Macedonian commander rescued Antipater from the siege at Lamia?
A) Leonnatus
B) Eumenes
C) Polyperchon
D) Nicanor
  • 78. Who was appointed regent of the two kings at the council in Babylon?
A) Antigonus
B) Perdiccas
C) Craterus
D) Antipater
  • 79. Who did Antipater name as his successor in 319 BC?
A) Cassander
B) Alexander IV
C) Philip III
D) Polyperchon
  • 80. Who captured the Munichia fortress of Piraeus in defiance of Polyperchon?
A) Leonnatus
B) Seleucus
C) Eumenes
D) Nicanor
  • 81. What happened to King Philip III after he was captured by Olympias's forces?
A) Olympias executed him
B) He was restored to the throne
C) He was exiled to Egypt
D) He escaped to Athens
  • 82. Whom did Cassander marry to strengthen his position?
A) Thessalonike
B) Olympias
C) Roxana
D) Eurydice II
  • 83. What dowry did Lanassa offer Demetrius I in 290 BC?
A) Epirus
B) Thrace
C) Corcyra
D) Egypt
  • 84. Who assassinated Seleucus I in 281 BC?
A) Antigonus II
B) Sosthenes
C) Brennus
D) Ptolemy Keraunos
  • 85. Which group of invaders killed Ptolemy Keraunos in 279 BC?
A) Thracian tribes
B) Roman forces
C) Celtic invaders
D) Persian armies
  • 86. Which general refused the title of king after the death of Ptolemy Keraunos?
A) Antigonus II
B) Sosthenes
C) Cassander
D) Lysimachus
  • 87. In 212 BC, which location did the Macedonians capture, prompting the Roman Senate to incite allies against them?
A) Apollonia
B) Lissus
C) Thessaly
D) Oricus
  • 88. Who was the Roman consul that forced Philip V to take refuge in Thessaly in 198 BC?
A) Quintus Caecilius Metellus
B) Titus Quinctius Flamininus
C) Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus
D) Lucius Aemilius Paullus
  • 89. At what event in 196 BC did Flamininus announce Rome's intent to preserve Greek liberty?
A) Olympic Games
B) Roman Senate Assembly
C) Isthmian Games
D) Delphi Council
  • 90. Who succeeded Philip V as king of Macedon?
A) Perseus
B) Andriscus
C) Demetrius
D) Antiochus
  • 91. After the abolition of the Macedonian monarchy, the Romans installed four republics with capitals at Amphipolis, Thessalonica, Pella, and where?
A) Bargylia
B) Lissus
C) Pelagonia
D) Apollonia
  • 92. Who claimed Antigonid descent and rebelled against the Romans during the Fourth Macedonian War?
A) Nabis
B) Philip V
C) Perseus
D) Andriscus
  • 93. Who led the Roman forces that defeated Andriscus in 148 BC?
A) Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus
B) Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus
C) Titus Quinctius Flamininus
D) Lucius Aemilius Paullus
  • 94. Who served as the chief judge of the Macedonian kingdom?
A) The royal pages
B) The king
C) The magistrates
D) The assembly
  • 95. What was the title for the bodyguards of the Macedonian king?
A) Basilikoi paides
B) Philoi
C) Hetairoi
D) Somatophylakes
  • 96. According to Thucydides, what was the original state of Macedonia?
A) Divided into small tribal regions
B) A single centralized empire
C) A collection of independent city-states
D) A unified republic
  • 97. Which Persian commander sent Alexander I of Macedon to Athens?
A) Mardonius
B) Xerxes
C) Cyrus
D) Darius
  • 98. What term refers to the companions of the Macedonian king?
A) Philoi
B) Hetairoi
C) Basilikoi paides
D) Somatophylakes
  • 99. What was the traditional relationship between Macedonian kings and their companions?
A) Employer and servant
B) Comrade-in-arms
C) Priest and follower
D) Lord and master
  • 100. What title was given to the royal pages of the Macedonian court?
A) Hetairoi
B) Basilikoi paides
C) Philoi
D) Somatophylakes
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