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(LEA 4) LAW ENFORCEMENT OPERATIONS AND PLANNING WITH CRIME MAPPING
Contributed by: Ninge
  • 1. A police station commander designs a patrol strategy that allocates officers based on real-time crime data. Which planning principle does this best demonstrate?
A) Unity of Command
B) Flexibility
C) Centralization
D) Evidence-Based Planning
  • 2. In developing a five-year Patrol Plan, the PNP integrates public consultation and inter-agency collaboration. What type of plan is being implemented?
A) Operational Plan
B) Administrative Plan
C) Contingency Plan
D) Strategic Plan
  • 3. A precinct decides to adjust its patrol deployment after analyzing a sudden rise in cybercrimes. Which element of planning is reflected?
A) Evaluation
B) Direction
C) Adaptability
D) Control
  • 4. During the implementation of Patrol Plan 2030, what core philosophy ensures that performance is measurable and aligned with national security goals?
A) Performance Governance System (PGS)
B) Balanced Scorecard
C) Situational Leadership Model
D) Quality Management System
  • 5. Which of the following best demonstrates the “continuity” element in police planning?
A) Regularly updating patrol schedules based on feedback
B) Preparing alternate routes for VIP security
C) Reporting only major crimes
D) Following the same route daily
  • 6. When a plan focuses on achieving the “vision of a highly capable and credible police service,” it represents which planning level?
A) Operational
B) Contingency
C) Strategic
D) Tactical
  • 7. In planning, when police commanders use a “bottom-up” approach, they primarily emphasize_____.
A) Organizational participation
B) Command authority
C) Political alignment
D) Efficiency through hierarchy
  • 8. A precinct formulates a special operation for crowd control during a major rally. This is best classified as what type of plan?
A) Operational Plan
B) Policy Plan
C) Administrative Plan
D) Strategic Plan
  • 9. How does Patrol Plan 2030 promote transformational leadership within the PNP?
A) Through measurable and transparent objectives
B) Through centralized command only
C) Through punitive measures for non-performance
D) Through strict adherence to hierarchy
  • 10. If a law enforcement agency develops an emergency response guide for natural disasters, what classification of plan is that?
A) Tactical Plan
B) Contingency Plan
C) Strategic Plan
D) Standing Plan
  • 11. A chief of police regularly evaluates officers’ performance against their assigned tasks. Which function of planning is demonstrated?
A) Command
B) Motivation
C) Control
D) Coordination
  • 12. When a plan requires inter-agency collaboration between PNP and LGUs to reduce street crimes, which key principle applies?
A) Segregation
B) Decentralization
C) Coordination
D) Secrecy
  • 13. The success of Patrol Plan 2030 primarily depends on which leadership principle?
A) Centralized supervision
B) Authoritarian leadership
C) Participative governance
D) Individual performance only
  • 14. In PGS, the “Scorecard” functions mainly to_____.
A) Allocate resources for intelligence
B) Identify police misconduct
C) Record disciplinary actions
D) Measure organizational and individual performance
  • 15. The “feedback and learning” component in planning ensures______.
A) Continuous improvement and adaptation
B) Operations remain classified
C) Plans are fixed and unchangeable
D) Only top officers make revisions
  • 16. What distinguishes a tactical plan from a strategic plan in law enforcement?
A) Tactical plans have long-term goals
B) Strategic plans deal with day-to-day operations
C) Tactical plans translate strategies into immediate actions
D) Tactical plans focus on national objectives
  • 17. In the planning hierarchy, which plan directly guides field units in achieving daily operational goals?
A) Strategic Plan
B) Administrative Plan
C) Operational Plan
D) Contingency Plan
  • 18. When the PNP engages the community to identify local safety issues, which aspect of Patrol Plan 2030 is being emphasized?
A) Transformation
B) Accountability
C) Partnership
D) Deterrence
  • 19. How does integrating the PGS into patrol planning improve accountability?
A) It focuses only on leadership goals
B) It measures output and transparency
C) It increases bureaucracy
D) It limits officer discretion
  • 20. An operations manager aligns every police initiative with the organization’s vision and mission. This act best represents_____.
A) Personnel control
B) Strategic alignment
C) Procedural authority
D) Policy compliance
  • 21. A crime analyst uses software to display the frequency of theft incidents by neighborhood color gradients. This technique is an example of______.
A) Statistical modeling
B) Non-graphical indicator
C) Spatial regression
D) Thematic mapping
  • 22. When law enforcement identifies a pattern of robberies occurring around public transport terminals every Friday night, they are conducting_____.
A) Predictive policing
B) Social crime mapping
C) Geographic profiling
D) Random patrols
  • 23. Which method best determines whether socioeconomic factors influence the occurrence of crimes in a city?
A) Thematic mapping
B) Trend analysis
C) Hotspot analysis
D) Spatial regression
  • 24. A police station uses color-coded symbols to represent the number of incidents per barangay. This approach uses what kind of mapping?
A) Graphic regression
B) Thematic
C) Topographic
D) Choropleth
  • 25. Hotspot mapping is most useful for_____.
A) Forecasting public celebrations
B) Determining police salaries
C) Identifying areas with high crime concentrations
D) Mapping police jurisdiction borders
  • 26. If a commander reallocates patrols after identifying “crime clusters” in a city through GIS, what kind of application is being used?
A) Randomized control patrol
B) Strategic redeployment
C) Tactical crime mapping
D) Spatial diffusion
  • 27. What makes crime mapping a critical component of evidence-based policing?
A) It focuses solely on statistical data
B) It allows speculative conclusions
C) It visualizes patterns that inform operational decisions
D) It replaces human intelligence
  • 28. When analysts compare crime rates before and after installing CCTV in a specific area, they are performing______.
A) Spatial regression
B) Temporal analysis
C) Non-graphical evaluation
D) Longitudinal monitoring
  • 29. Which of the following best differentiates geographic profiling from hotspot mapping?
A) Hotspot mapping predicts future crime locations
B) Geographic profiling focuses on identifying offenders’ probable residences
C) Both measure community satisfaction
D) Geographic profiling uses non-spatial data only
  • 30. An analyst uses Excel tables to track incident numbers without visual maps. This approach relies on_____?
A) Non-graphical indicators
B) Spatial mapping
C) Thematic analysis
D) Predictive simulation
  • 31. A PNP unit examines whether crime incidents increase near liquor establishments. This analysis is an example of_____.
A) Situational correlation
B) Spatial regression
C) Area mapping
D) Environmental regression
  • 32. Why is thematic mapping more advantageous than text-based reports for decision-makers?
A) It emphasizes minor crimes only
B) It eliminates the need for statistics
C) It simplifies resource allocation by visualizing crime trends
D) It only works for rural areas
  • 33. Which mapping approach would be most effective for showing temporal changes in crime patterns?
A) Dynamic time-series map
B) Isoline map
C) Static hotspot map
D) Non-graphical table
  • 34. A police chief integrates crime data with socio-economic indicators like unemployment and literacy rates. This integration serves primarily to_____.
A) Conduct spatial correlation
B) Produce non-graphical outputs
C) Identify policy gaps
D) Measure administrative efficiency
  • 35. When the police use predictive mapping to anticipate crime occurrence before it happens, it reflects which policing concept?
A) Reactive patrol
B) Predictive analytics
C) Routine mapping
D) Manual charting
  • 36. A PNP commander assigns personnel based on threat level and available resources. What stage of the planning process is this?
A) Resource allocation
B) Situation analysis
C) Feedback
D) Implementation
  • 37. Which operational plan would best apply during a large-scale maritime oil spill?
A) Patrol Plan
B) Contingency Plan
C) Tactical Deployment Plan
D) Administrative Plan
  • 38. The NBI develops a coordinated operation with the PDEA for drug interdiction. This demonstrates_____.
A) Intelligence secrecy
B) Inter-agency collaboration
C) Operational planning
D) Hierarchical supervision
  • 39. Which agency is primarily responsible for border surveillance and anti-smuggling operations?
A) PCG
B) BID
C) NBI
D) PNP
  • 40. During pre-operation meetings, the PDEA evaluates possible escape routes of suspects. This is part of which planning step?
A) Resource control
B) Implementation
C) Situation analysis
D) Risk assessment
  • 41. A BFP team conducts a post-fire investigation to determine the cause of the blaze. This is an example of_____.
A) Prevention
B) Coordination
C) Evaluation phase
D) Initial planning
  • 42. In operations management, what principle ensures that each unit’s tasks are aligned with the main mission?
A) Coordination
B) Chain of Command
C) Unity of Direction
D) Unity of Command
  • 43. An immigration officer designs a daily inspection plan for international passengers. This plan is primarily_____.
A) Tactical
B) Operational
C) Contingency
D) Strategic
  • 44. When PNP creates a crime prevention program involving community volunteers, what planning concept is emphasized?
A) Command centralization
B) Partnership policing
C) Reactive operations
D) Intelligence gathering
  • 45. A joint task force between NBI and BID aims to identify foreign nationals involved in human trafficking. This collaboration represents______.
A) Legal enforcement
B) Routine investigation
C) Inter-agency synergy
D) Jurisdictional independence
  • 46. In an anti-terrorism operation, which planning principle ensures safety of civilians and property?
A) Proportionality
B) Efficiency
C) Safety first
D) Security prioritization
  • 47. A BFP operation plan includes coordination with hospitals and the Red Cross. This highlights which aspect of planning?
A) Inter-sectoral coordination
B) Hierarchical control
C) Command isolation
D) Communication
  • 48. During the evaluation of a maritime rescue, the PCG identifies delays due to lack of coordination. Which stage of the planning cycle does this feedback enhance?
A) Improvement
B) Control
C) Implementation
D) Revision
  • 49. PNP intelligence officers integrate cyber intelligence into their field operations. This practice exemplifies_____.
A) Standardized procedure
B) Decentralized control
C) Adaptive planning
D) Narrow coordination
  • 50. The planning phase that defines clear, measurable objectives aligned with agency goals is known as_____.
A) Objective formulation
B) Tactical programming
C) Strategic alignment
D) Policy integration
  • 51. The PDEA conducts simulation exercises before a buy-bust operation. What step in planning is this?
A) Implementation
B) Evaluation
C) Control
D) Testing
  • 52. When agencies create a unified operation plan to counter human trafficking, the key benefit is______.
A) Duplication of effort
B) Reduced intelligence sharing
C) Increased jurisdictional conflict
D) Unified command and coordination
  • 53. Which operational aspect ensures that all units perform as one coordinated body during emergencies?
A) Specialization
B) Coordination and synchronization
C) Chain of command
D) Task delegation
  • 54. The NBI implements a “Post-Operation Assessment” after a major raid. What is the primary purpose of this step?
A) To celebrate success
B) To evaluate performance and identify gaps
C) To finalize reports only
D) To assign blame for failures
  • 55. A PCG officer reviews weather forecasts before launching a rescue mission. This is part of what planning component?
A) Coordination plan
B) Command instruction
C) Information gathering
D) Crisis management
  • 56. What is the main goal of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)?
A) To rely on surveillance alone
B) To increase police presence only
C) To redesign public spaces to reduce criminal opportunities
D) To deter offenders by stricter laws
  • 57. Installing bright lighting in alleys to reduce assaults demonstrates which CPTED principle?
A) Target hardening
B) Territorial reinforcement
C) Natural surveillance
D) Maintenance
  • 58. How does GIS contribute to environmental crime prevention?
A) It replaces human patrols
B) It records officer attendance
C) It eliminates crime completely
D) It visualizes spatial relationships between environment and crime
  • 59. Which environmental feature best enhances “natural access control”?
A) Large, unsupervised spaces
B) Dark alleys
C) Open public plazas
D) Fences and designated entry points
  • 60. When planners design parks with clear visibility and community activity, they apply what CPTED principle?
A) Natural surveillance
B) Target hardening
C) Territorial reinforcement
D) Formal control
  • 61. A police department integrates GIS data with incident reports to plan patrol routes. This primarily enhances______.
A) Data-driven deployment
B) Traditional mapping
C) Human-based observation
D) Random patrol
  • 62. The use of spatial data to predict where crimes are likely to occur next represents______.
A) Static mapping
B) Reactive mapping
C) Predictive GIS analysis
D) Manual plotting
  • 63. Designing narrow alleys with mirrors and visibility points is an application of which principle?
A) Target hardening
B) Natural surveillance
C) Maintenance
D) Access control
  • 64. Which of the following best describes territorial reinforcement?
A) Increasing police checkpoints
B) Eliminating open areas
C) Encouraging community ownership of public spaces
D) Reducing property lines
  • 65. A GIS-generated heat map identifies recurring burglary patterns near schools. What is the next logical step for planners?
A) Ignore minor crimes
B) Close all schools temporarily
C) Increase patrol visibility in the identified zones
D) Conduct random arrests
  • 66. Why is GIS important for post-incident evaluation?
A) It measures public satisfaction
B) It visually reconstructs the event’s spatial flow
C) It focuses only on offender data
D) It eliminates paperwork
  • 67. In CPTED, “maintenance” primarily serves to______.
A) Reinforce a sense of ownership and safety
B) Expand commercial property
C) Reduce government spending
D) Limit police activity
  • 68. Combining CCTV data with GIS allows law enforcement to_____.
A) Reduce manpower
B) Track spatial-temporal behavior of offenders
C) Replace detectives
D) Avoid manual investigation
  • 69. When urban planners use landscaping to deter loitering and concealment, this demonstrates______.
A) Target hardening
B) Environmental aesthetics
C) Crime prevention through design
D) Situational design
  • 70. The integration of weather and traffic data into crime mapping improves_____.
A) Officer scheduling
B) Political decision-making
C) Predictive precision
D) Administrative filing
  • 71. GIS enhances operational efficiency by______.
A) Allowing real-time tracking and spatial decision-making
B) Reducing community involvement
C) Replacing leadership functions
D) Eliminating all crimes
  • 72. Which environmental design element best promotes community watch participation?
A) Hidden alleys
B) Isolated parking areas
C) Well-lit open spaces
D) Narrow blind streets
  • 73. In urban planning, the placement of police substations in high-visibility areas supports______.
A) Economic zoning
B) Population balance
C) Territorial reinforcement and deterrence
D) Bureaucratic control
  • 74. GIS crime analysis that incorporates time-of-day variables contributes to______.
A) Temporal-spatial crime forecasting
B) Demographic analysis
C) Population profiling
D) Statistical sampling
  • 75. When police design a new patrol route to cover high-risk environmental zones identified by GIS, it shows_____.
A) Randomized response strategy
B) Traditional guesswork
C) Application of data-informed operational planning
D) Manual data analysis
  • 76. During a police operation, officers ensured the presence of barangay witnesses while serving a warrant. This fulfills which constitutional principle?
A) Double jeopardy
B) Due process
C) Probable cause
D) Equal protection
  • 77. Which constitutional safeguard is violated when a suspect is detained without charge beyond the legal period?
A) Right to confrontation
B) Right to privacy
C) Right to counsel
D) Right against unreasonable detention
  • 78. A law enforcement team videotapes a warrantless arrest of a suspect committing a crime. The operation is valid under what doctrine?
A) Plain View Doctrine
B) Hot Pursuit Doctrine
C) Fruit of the Poisonous Tree
D) Stop and Frisk
  • 79. When officers search a house with a defective warrant, evidence gathered is inadmissible under_____.
A) Plain View Doctrine
B) Probable Cause Doctrine
C) Exclusionary Rule
D) Doctrine of Implied Consent
  • 80. An arrested person demands to contact a lawyer before questioning. This right is protected under______.
A) Rule on Evidence
B) Warrant Clause
C) Rule on Custodial Investigation
D) Writ of Habeas Corpus
  • 81. During a buy-bust operation, officers fail to coordinate with the DOJ. Which law is violated regarding evidence handling?
A) RA 8551 (PNP Reform Act)
B) RA 6975 (DILG Act)
C) RA 9165 (Dangerous Drugs Act)
D) RA 7438 (Rights of Arrested Persons)
  • 82. If a suspect voluntarily surrenders, the arresting officer must primarily ensure_____.
A) Documentation of surrender and rights advisement
B) Search of residence
C) The suspect’s immediate interrogation
D) Media exposure
  • 83. Which constitutional right is directly upheld by Miranda warnings?
A) Right to privacy
B) Right to counsel and against self-incrimination
C) Right to bail
D) Right to confrontation
  • 84. When a police checkpoint is conducted, what makes it constitutional?
A) It targets political groups
B) It is done secretly
C) It is properly supervised and non-discriminatory
D) It involves random vehicle searches
  • 85. Which doctrine justifies warrantless seizure of evidence visible to an officer lawfully present?
A) In flagrante delicto
B) Plain View Doctrine
C) Consent Search Doctrine
D) Exigent Circumstance Doctrine
  • 86. A person arrested for rebellion cannot post bail due to the nature of the offense. This aligns with which legal principle?
A) Non-bailable offense
B) Due process violation
C) Civil liability
D) Preventive detention
  • 87. When a police operation affects private property, officers must respect_____.
A) The right against unlawful search and seizure
B) The right to counsel
C) The right to free travel
D) The right to speedy trial
  • 88. A PNP officer coerces a confession through physical force. Which constitutional right is violated?
A) Right to due process
B) Right to bail
C) Right against self-incrimination
D) Right to privacy
  • 89. In custodial investigation, the presence of which individual validates the process?
A) A witness
B) The arresting officer’s superior
C) An independent counsel of the suspect’s choice
D) A barangay official
  • 90. A checkpoint manned without proper authority violates which principle?
A) Lawful exercise of police power
B) Due process
C) Separation of powers
D) Proportionality
  • 91. If a person is wrongly arrested, what legal remedy can be filed to challenge detention?
A) Habeas Corpus
B) Quo Warranto
C) Injunction
D) Certiorari
  • 92. Which law governs the rights of arrested or detained persons during custodial investigation?
A) Republic Act No. 9165
B) Republic Act No. 8551
C) Republic Act No. 6975
D) Republic Act No. 7438
  • 93. When a suspect is arrested for a non-violent offense, and the officer uses excessive force, which principle is violated?
A) Reasonable necessity of means employed
B) Plain view rule
C) Doctrine of hot pursuit
D) Probable cause principle
  • 94. A suspect confesses without the presence of counsel. What happens to the confession in court?
A) It can be used as circumstantial evidence
B) It is admissible if recorded
C) It is valid if the officer signs it
D) It is inadmissible due to rights violation
  • 95. A citizen records police misconduct during an arrest. What constitutional right protects this act?
A) Right to privacy
B) Freedom of speech and expression
C) Right to silence
D) Right to travel
  • 96. In a buy-bust operation, seized drugs must be inventoried and photographed immediately after confiscation. This ensures compliance with which rule?
A) Miranda doctrine
B) Exclusionary rule
C) Chain of custody rule under RA 9165
D) Rules on Criminal Procedure
  • 97. An accused is detained for more than 36 hours without charge for a crime punishable by reclusion temporal. This violates______.
A) Article 248 of the Revised Penal Code
B) RA 7438
C) Article 125 of the Revised Penal Code
D) RA 8551
  • 98. If evidence is illegally seized, which legal doctrine prevents its admissibility in court?
A) Hot Pursuit Doctrine
B) Exclusionary Rule
C) Presumption of Regularity
D) Doctrine of Double Jeopardy
  • 99. A suspect’s right to remain silent and to counsel upon arrest is derived from which constitutional provision?
A) Article III, Section 12
B) Article III, Section 2
C) Article VI, Section 11
D) Article II, Section 1
  • 100. In an operation, officers allow the suspect to be presented to media before arraignment, violating the dignity and presumption of innocence. What must be observed instead?
A) Public display for transparency
B) Police media cooperation
C) Summary publicity for deterrence
D) Confidentiality and respect for due process
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