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(LEA 4) LAW ENFORCEMENT OPERATIONS AND PLANNING WITH CRIME MAPPING
Contributed by: Ninge
  • 1. A police station commander designs a patrol strategy that allocates officers based on real-time crime data. Which planning principle does this best demonstrate?
A) Evidence-Based Planning
B) Centralization
C) Unity of Command
D) Flexibility
  • 2. In developing a five-year Patrol Plan, the PNP integrates public consultation and inter-agency collaboration. What type of plan is being implemented?
A) Strategic Plan
B) Operational Plan
C) Contingency Plan
D) Administrative Plan
  • 3. A precinct decides to adjust its patrol deployment after analyzing a sudden rise in cybercrimes. Which element of planning is reflected?
A) Evaluation
B) Adaptability
C) Direction
D) Control
  • 4. During the implementation of Patrol Plan 2030, what core philosophy ensures that performance is measurable and aligned with national security goals?
A) Balanced Scorecard
B) Quality Management System
C) Situational Leadership Model
D) Performance Governance System (PGS)
  • 5. Which of the following best demonstrates the “continuity” element in police planning?
A) Regularly updating patrol schedules based on feedback
B) Following the same route daily
C) Preparing alternate routes for VIP security
D) Reporting only major crimes
  • 6. When a plan focuses on achieving the “vision of a highly capable and credible police service,” it represents which planning level?
A) Tactical
B) Contingency
C) Strategic
D) Operational
  • 7. In planning, when police commanders use a “bottom-up” approach, they primarily emphasize_____.
A) Political alignment
B) Command authority
C) Organizational participation
D) Efficiency through hierarchy
  • 8. A precinct formulates a special operation for crowd control during a major rally. This is best classified as what type of plan?
A) Administrative Plan
B) Operational Plan
C) Policy Plan
D) Strategic Plan
  • 9. How does Patrol Plan 2030 promote transformational leadership within the PNP?
A) Through measurable and transparent objectives
B) Through centralized command only
C) Through strict adherence to hierarchy
D) Through punitive measures for non-performance
  • 10. If a law enforcement agency develops an emergency response guide for natural disasters, what classification of plan is that?
A) Standing Plan
B) Contingency Plan
C) Strategic Plan
D) Tactical Plan
  • 11. A chief of police regularly evaluates officers’ performance against their assigned tasks. Which function of planning is demonstrated?
A) Motivation
B) Command
C) Control
D) Coordination
  • 12. When a plan requires inter-agency collaboration between PNP and LGUs to reduce street crimes, which key principle applies?
A) Segregation
B) Coordination
C) Decentralization
D) Secrecy
  • 13. The success of Patrol Plan 2030 primarily depends on which leadership principle?
A) Participative governance
B) Authoritarian leadership
C) Individual performance only
D) Centralized supervision
  • 14. In PGS, the “Scorecard” functions mainly to_____.
A) Measure organizational and individual performance
B) Record disciplinary actions
C) Identify police misconduct
D) Allocate resources for intelligence
  • 15. The “feedback and learning” component in planning ensures______.
A) Continuous improvement and adaptation
B) Only top officers make revisions
C) Operations remain classified
D) Plans are fixed and unchangeable
  • 16. What distinguishes a tactical plan from a strategic plan in law enforcement?
A) Strategic plans deal with day-to-day operations
B) Tactical plans have long-term goals
C) Tactical plans translate strategies into immediate actions
D) Tactical plans focus on national objectives
  • 17. In the planning hierarchy, which plan directly guides field units in achieving daily operational goals?
A) Operational Plan
B) Contingency Plan
C) Strategic Plan
D) Administrative Plan
  • 18. When the PNP engages the community to identify local safety issues, which aspect of Patrol Plan 2030 is being emphasized?
A) Partnership
B) Transformation
C) Deterrence
D) Accountability
  • 19. How does integrating the PGS into patrol planning improve accountability?
A) It increases bureaucracy
B) It focuses only on leadership goals
C) It limits officer discretion
D) It measures output and transparency
  • 20. An operations manager aligns every police initiative with the organization’s vision and mission. This act best represents_____.
A) Policy compliance
B) Procedural authority
C) Strategic alignment
D) Personnel control
  • 21. A crime analyst uses software to display the frequency of theft incidents by neighborhood color gradients. This technique is an example of______.
A) Statistical modeling
B) Thematic mapping
C) Non-graphical indicator
D) Spatial regression
  • 22. When law enforcement identifies a pattern of robberies occurring around public transport terminals every Friday night, they are conducting_____.
A) Social crime mapping
B) Random patrols
C) Geographic profiling
D) Predictive policing
  • 23. Which method best determines whether socioeconomic factors influence the occurrence of crimes in a city?
A) Thematic mapping
B) Hotspot analysis
C) Spatial regression
D) Trend analysis
  • 24. A police station uses color-coded symbols to represent the number of incidents per barangay. This approach uses what kind of mapping?
A) Graphic regression
B) Choropleth
C) Topographic
D) Thematic
  • 25. Hotspot mapping is most useful for_____.
A) Determining police salaries
B) Identifying areas with high crime concentrations
C) Mapping police jurisdiction borders
D) Forecasting public celebrations
  • 26. If a commander reallocates patrols after identifying “crime clusters” in a city through GIS, what kind of application is being used?
A) Strategic redeployment
B) Randomized control patrol
C) Spatial diffusion
D) Tactical crime mapping
  • 27. What makes crime mapping a critical component of evidence-based policing?
A) It replaces human intelligence
B) It focuses solely on statistical data
C) It visualizes patterns that inform operational decisions
D) It allows speculative conclusions
  • 28. When analysts compare crime rates before and after installing CCTV in a specific area, they are performing______.
A) Non-graphical evaluation
B) Longitudinal monitoring
C) Temporal analysis
D) Spatial regression
  • 29. Which of the following best differentiates geographic profiling from hotspot mapping?
A) Hotspot mapping predicts future crime locations
B) Geographic profiling focuses on identifying offenders’ probable residences
C) Both measure community satisfaction
D) Geographic profiling uses non-spatial data only
  • 30. An analyst uses Excel tables to track incident numbers without visual maps. This approach relies on_____?
A) Predictive simulation
B) Thematic analysis
C) Non-graphical indicators
D) Spatial mapping
  • 31. A PNP unit examines whether crime incidents increase near liquor establishments. This analysis is an example of_____.
A) Area mapping
B) Situational correlation
C) Spatial regression
D) Environmental regression
  • 32. Why is thematic mapping more advantageous than text-based reports for decision-makers?
A) It eliminates the need for statistics
B) It only works for rural areas
C) It emphasizes minor crimes only
D) It simplifies resource allocation by visualizing crime trends
  • 33. Which mapping approach would be most effective for showing temporal changes in crime patterns?
A) Isoline map
B) Dynamic time-series map
C) Static hotspot map
D) Non-graphical table
  • 34. A police chief integrates crime data with socio-economic indicators like unemployment and literacy rates. This integration serves primarily to_____.
A) Measure administrative efficiency
B) Produce non-graphical outputs
C) Conduct spatial correlation
D) Identify policy gaps
  • 35. When the police use predictive mapping to anticipate crime occurrence before it happens, it reflects which policing concept?
A) Manual charting
B) Reactive patrol
C) Predictive analytics
D) Routine mapping
  • 36. A PNP commander assigns personnel based on threat level and available resources. What stage of the planning process is this?
A) Feedback
B) Situation analysis
C) Resource allocation
D) Implementation
  • 37. Which operational plan would best apply during a large-scale maritime oil spill?
A) Tactical Deployment Plan
B) Administrative Plan
C) Patrol Plan
D) Contingency Plan
  • 38. The NBI develops a coordinated operation with the PDEA for drug interdiction. This demonstrates_____.
A) Intelligence secrecy
B) Operational planning
C) Hierarchical supervision
D) Inter-agency collaboration
  • 39. Which agency is primarily responsible for border surveillance and anti-smuggling operations?
A) PNP
B) BID
C) PCG
D) NBI
  • 40. During pre-operation meetings, the PDEA evaluates possible escape routes of suspects. This is part of which planning step?
A) Resource control
B) Situation analysis
C) Implementation
D) Risk assessment
  • 41. A BFP team conducts a post-fire investigation to determine the cause of the blaze. This is an example of_____.
A) Initial planning
B) Prevention
C) Coordination
D) Evaluation phase
  • 42. In operations management, what principle ensures that each unit’s tasks are aligned with the main mission?
A) Unity of Direction
B) Chain of Command
C) Unity of Command
D) Coordination
  • 43. An immigration officer designs a daily inspection plan for international passengers. This plan is primarily_____.
A) Strategic
B) Operational
C) Tactical
D) Contingency
  • 44. When PNP creates a crime prevention program involving community volunteers, what planning concept is emphasized?
A) Intelligence gathering
B) Reactive operations
C) Partnership policing
D) Command centralization
  • 45. A joint task force between NBI and BID aims to identify foreign nationals involved in human trafficking. This collaboration represents______.
A) Inter-agency synergy
B) Legal enforcement
C) Jurisdictional independence
D) Routine investigation
  • 46. In an anti-terrorism operation, which planning principle ensures safety of civilians and property?
A) Security prioritization
B) Efficiency
C) Proportionality
D) Safety first
  • 47. A BFP operation plan includes coordination with hospitals and the Red Cross. This highlights which aspect of planning?
A) Hierarchical control
B) Communication
C) Inter-sectoral coordination
D) Command isolation
  • 48. During the evaluation of a maritime rescue, the PCG identifies delays due to lack of coordination. Which stage of the planning cycle does this feedback enhance?
A) Control
B) Implementation
C) Revision
D) Improvement
  • 49. PNP intelligence officers integrate cyber intelligence into their field operations. This practice exemplifies_____.
A) Narrow coordination
B) Standardized procedure
C) Adaptive planning
D) Decentralized control
  • 50. The planning phase that defines clear, measurable objectives aligned with agency goals is known as_____.
A) Strategic alignment
B) Objective formulation
C) Policy integration
D) Tactical programming
  • 51. The PDEA conducts simulation exercises before a buy-bust operation. What step in planning is this?
A) Testing
B) Control
C) Implementation
D) Evaluation
  • 52. When agencies create a unified operation plan to counter human trafficking, the key benefit is______.
A) Duplication of effort
B) Reduced intelligence sharing
C) Unified command and coordination
D) Increased jurisdictional conflict
  • 53. Which operational aspect ensures that all units perform as one coordinated body during emergencies?
A) Chain of command
B) Specialization
C) Coordination and synchronization
D) Task delegation
  • 54. The NBI implements a “Post-Operation Assessment” after a major raid. What is the primary purpose of this step?
A) To celebrate success
B) To finalize reports only
C) To evaluate performance and identify gaps
D) To assign blame for failures
  • 55. A PCG officer reviews weather forecasts before launching a rescue mission. This is part of what planning component?
A) Command instruction
B) Crisis management
C) Coordination plan
D) Information gathering
  • 56. What is the main goal of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)?
A) To increase police presence only
B) To redesign public spaces to reduce criminal opportunities
C) To rely on surveillance alone
D) To deter offenders by stricter laws
  • 57. Installing bright lighting in alleys to reduce assaults demonstrates which CPTED principle?
A) Maintenance
B) Target hardening
C) Natural surveillance
D) Territorial reinforcement
  • 58. How does GIS contribute to environmental crime prevention?
A) It visualizes spatial relationships between environment and crime
B) It records officer attendance
C) It eliminates crime completely
D) It replaces human patrols
  • 59. Which environmental feature best enhances “natural access control”?
A) Dark alleys
B) Large, unsupervised spaces
C) Fences and designated entry points
D) Open public plazas
  • 60. When planners design parks with clear visibility and community activity, they apply what CPTED principle?
A) Territorial reinforcement
B) Target hardening
C) Formal control
D) Natural surveillance
  • 61. A police department integrates GIS data with incident reports to plan patrol routes. This primarily enhances______.
A) Random patrol
B) Traditional mapping
C) Data-driven deployment
D) Human-based observation
  • 62. The use of spatial data to predict where crimes are likely to occur next represents______.
A) Manual plotting
B) Static mapping
C) Reactive mapping
D) Predictive GIS analysis
  • 63. Designing narrow alleys with mirrors and visibility points is an application of which principle?
A) Natural surveillance
B) Target hardening
C) Access control
D) Maintenance
  • 64. Which of the following best describes territorial reinforcement?
A) Reducing property lines
B) Increasing police checkpoints
C) Eliminating open areas
D) Encouraging community ownership of public spaces
  • 65. A GIS-generated heat map identifies recurring burglary patterns near schools. What is the next logical step for planners?
A) Increase patrol visibility in the identified zones
B) Close all schools temporarily
C) Ignore minor crimes
D) Conduct random arrests
  • 66. Why is GIS important for post-incident evaluation?
A) It eliminates paperwork
B) It focuses only on offender data
C) It visually reconstructs the event’s spatial flow
D) It measures public satisfaction
  • 67. In CPTED, “maintenance” primarily serves to______.
A) Limit police activity
B) Reinforce a sense of ownership and safety
C) Expand commercial property
D) Reduce government spending
  • 68. Combining CCTV data with GIS allows law enforcement to_____.
A) Track spatial-temporal behavior of offenders
B) Avoid manual investigation
C) Replace detectives
D) Reduce manpower
  • 69. When urban planners use landscaping to deter loitering and concealment, this demonstrates______.
A) Target hardening
B) Environmental aesthetics
C) Situational design
D) Crime prevention through design
  • 70. The integration of weather and traffic data into crime mapping improves_____.
A) Political decision-making
B) Officer scheduling
C) Administrative filing
D) Predictive precision
  • 71. GIS enhances operational efficiency by______.
A) Reducing community involvement
B) Eliminating all crimes
C) Allowing real-time tracking and spatial decision-making
D) Replacing leadership functions
  • 72. Which environmental design element best promotes community watch participation?
A) Well-lit open spaces
B) Isolated parking areas
C) Hidden alleys
D) Narrow blind streets
  • 73. In urban planning, the placement of police substations in high-visibility areas supports______.
A) Population balance
B) Territorial reinforcement and deterrence
C) Bureaucratic control
D) Economic zoning
  • 74. GIS crime analysis that incorporates time-of-day variables contributes to______.
A) Temporal-spatial crime forecasting
B) Demographic analysis
C) Population profiling
D) Statistical sampling
  • 75. When police design a new patrol route to cover high-risk environmental zones identified by GIS, it shows_____.
A) Traditional guesswork
B) Randomized response strategy
C) Manual data analysis
D) Application of data-informed operational planning
  • 76. During a police operation, officers ensured the presence of barangay witnesses while serving a warrant. This fulfills which constitutional principle?
A) Double jeopardy
B) Due process
C) Probable cause
D) Equal protection
  • 77. Which constitutional safeguard is violated when a suspect is detained without charge beyond the legal period?
A) Right against unreasonable detention
B) Right to confrontation
C) Right to counsel
D) Right to privacy
  • 78. A law enforcement team videotapes a warrantless arrest of a suspect committing a crime. The operation is valid under what doctrine?
A) Stop and Frisk
B) Hot Pursuit Doctrine
C) Plain View Doctrine
D) Fruit of the Poisonous Tree
  • 79. When officers search a house with a defective warrant, evidence gathered is inadmissible under_____.
A) Doctrine of Implied Consent
B) Probable Cause Doctrine
C) Exclusionary Rule
D) Plain View Doctrine
  • 80. An arrested person demands to contact a lawyer before questioning. This right is protected under______.
A) Warrant Clause
B) Rule on Custodial Investigation
C) Writ of Habeas Corpus
D) Rule on Evidence
  • 81. During a buy-bust operation, officers fail to coordinate with the DOJ. Which law is violated regarding evidence handling?
A) RA 6975 (DILG Act)
B) RA 9165 (Dangerous Drugs Act)
C) RA 7438 (Rights of Arrested Persons)
D) RA 8551 (PNP Reform Act)
  • 82. If a suspect voluntarily surrenders, the arresting officer must primarily ensure_____.
A) Media exposure
B) Documentation of surrender and rights advisement
C) The suspect’s immediate interrogation
D) Search of residence
  • 83. Which constitutional right is directly upheld by Miranda warnings?
A) Right to confrontation
B) Right to privacy
C) Right to counsel and against self-incrimination
D) Right to bail
  • 84. When a police checkpoint is conducted, what makes it constitutional?
A) It involves random vehicle searches
B) It targets political groups
C) It is done secretly
D) It is properly supervised and non-discriminatory
  • 85. Which doctrine justifies warrantless seizure of evidence visible to an officer lawfully present?
A) Consent Search Doctrine
B) Plain View Doctrine
C) Exigent Circumstance Doctrine
D) In flagrante delicto
  • 86. A person arrested for rebellion cannot post bail due to the nature of the offense. This aligns with which legal principle?
A) Due process violation
B) Civil liability
C) Preventive detention
D) Non-bailable offense
  • 87. When a police operation affects private property, officers must respect_____.
A) The right to speedy trial
B) The right to counsel
C) The right to free travel
D) The right against unlawful search and seizure
  • 88. A PNP officer coerces a confession through physical force. Which constitutional right is violated?
A) Right to privacy
B) Right to due process
C) Right to bail
D) Right against self-incrimination
  • 89. In custodial investigation, the presence of which individual validates the process?
A) An independent counsel of the suspect’s choice
B) The arresting officer’s superior
C) A barangay official
D) A witness
  • 90. A checkpoint manned without proper authority violates which principle?
A) Due process
B) Separation of powers
C) Proportionality
D) Lawful exercise of police power
  • 91. If a person is wrongly arrested, what legal remedy can be filed to challenge detention?
A) Quo Warranto
B) Injunction
C) Habeas Corpus
D) Certiorari
  • 92. Which law governs the rights of arrested or detained persons during custodial investigation?
A) Republic Act No. 6975
B) Republic Act No. 9165
C) Republic Act No. 7438
D) Republic Act No. 8551
  • 93. When a suspect is arrested for a non-violent offense, and the officer uses excessive force, which principle is violated?
A) Plain view rule
B) Probable cause principle
C) Reasonable necessity of means employed
D) Doctrine of hot pursuit
  • 94. A suspect confesses without the presence of counsel. What happens to the confession in court?
A) It can be used as circumstantial evidence
B) It is valid if the officer signs it
C) It is admissible if recorded
D) It is inadmissible due to rights violation
  • 95. A citizen records police misconduct during an arrest. What constitutional right protects this act?
A) Right to travel
B) Freedom of speech and expression
C) Right to silence
D) Right to privacy
  • 96. In a buy-bust operation, seized drugs must be inventoried and photographed immediately after confiscation. This ensures compliance with which rule?
A) Miranda doctrine
B) Chain of custody rule under RA 9165
C) Exclusionary rule
D) Rules on Criminal Procedure
  • 97. An accused is detained for more than 36 hours without charge for a crime punishable by reclusion temporal. This violates______.
A) Article 248 of the Revised Penal Code
B) RA 7438
C) RA 8551
D) Article 125 of the Revised Penal Code
  • 98. If evidence is illegally seized, which legal doctrine prevents its admissibility in court?
A) Doctrine of Double Jeopardy
B) Presumption of Regularity
C) Hot Pursuit Doctrine
D) Exclusionary Rule
  • 99. A suspect’s right to remain silent and to counsel upon arrest is derived from which constitutional provision?
A) Article III, Section 12
B) Article VI, Section 11
C) Article II, Section 1
D) Article III, Section 2
  • 100. In an operation, officers allow the suspect to be presented to media before arraignment, violating the dignity and presumption of innocence. What must be observed instead?
A) Confidentiality and respect for due process
B) Summary publicity for deterrence
C) Police media cooperation
D) Public display for transparency
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