Nations And Nationalism by Ernest Gellner
- 1. In 'Nations and Nationalism', Ernest Gellner presents a compelling exploration of the complex relationship between nations and the concept of nationalism, arguing that nationalism is rooted in the cultural and social structures of modern society rather than in ancient tribal affiliations or ethnic identities. Gellner proposes that the rise of industrial society necessitated a new form of social organization characterized by a shared culture and common identity, which he defines as the nation. He contends that the nation is not merely a reflection of historical ties or cultural continuity, but rather an emergent property of modernity that requires a high level of education and communication to facilitate economic growth and social cohesion. Throughout the book, Gellner critically examines various nationalism movements, emphasizing how they often emerge in response to the dislocation and alienation brought about by modernization. He challenges romantic notions of ethnic nationalism, suggesting that nationalism is more pragmatic and ideologically driven than traditionally perceived. By framing nationalism as a product of historical change driven by economic and political forces, Gellner provides a nuanced perspective that encourages readers to rethink the foundations of national identity and the implications for contemporary global politics.
Gellner argues nationalism emerges as a requirement of:
A) Agricultural society
B) Feudal society
C) Post-modern society
D) Industrial society
- 2. Gellner's theory suggests nationalism is:
A) A biological instinct
B) A universal human trait
C) A primordial sentiment
D) A modern phenomenon
- 3. What role does education play in Gellner's theory of nationalism?
A) It disseminates standardized national culture
B) It promotes international understanding
C) It reinforces class divisions
D) It preserves local dialects
- 4. According to Gellner, what creates nations?
A) Natural evolution
B) Common ancestry
C) Geographic boundaries
D) Nationalism
- 5. What is necessary for social mobility in industrial society according to Gellner?
A) Religious affiliation
B) Shared standardized culture
C) Family connections
D) Wealth inheritance
- 6. According to Gellner, nationalism requires:
A) Economic inequality
B) Cultural homogeneity
C) Political diversity
D) Religious pluralism
- 7. What is the relationship between state and culture in nationalism?
A) Culture develops independently of state
B) Culture replaces state functions
C) State protects and imposes national culture
D) State suppresses national culture
- 8. What role does literacy play in Gellner's theory?
A) Irrelevant to nationalism
B) Essential for national culture
C) A threat to national identity
D) Only important for elites
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