- 1. Throughout history, there have been numerous fascinating discoveries in the field of medicine that have revolutionized healthcare as we know it. From the discovery of antibiotics by Alexander Fleming in 1928, to the development of vaccines for diseases like smallpox and polio, these breakthroughs have saved countless lives and improved public health worldwide. Other remarkable discoveries include the use of anesthesia in surgery, the mapping of the human genome, and the invention of medical imaging techniques like X-rays and MRIs. These advances in medical science continue to push the boundaries of what is possible, offering hope for the future of healthcare and the treatment of diseases.
Who is credited with the discovery of penicillin in 1928?
A) George Papanicolaou
B) Joseph Lister
C) Alexander Fleming
D) Paul Langerhans
- 2. Which 19th-century Austrian doctor is known as the 'father of modern psychoanalysis'?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C) Wilhelm Roentgen
D) Louis Pasteur
- 3. The discovery of the structure of DNA is attributed to which scientists?
A) Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
B) Marie Curie and Pierre Curie
C) James Watson and Francis Crick
D) Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr
- 4. Who developed the first successful polio vaccine in 1955?
A) Charles Drew
B) Jonas Salk
C) Edward Jenner
D) Howard Florey
- 5. Who is known for introducing the concept of antiseptic surgery in the 19th century?
A) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
B) Louis Pasteur
C) Robert Koch
D) Joseph Lister
- 6. The discovery of insulin as a treatment for diabetes is credited to whom?
A) Ronald Ross
B) Carlos Finlay
C) Walter Reed
D) Frederick Banting and Charles Best
- 7. Which scientist is known for discovering the circulation of blood in the human body?
A) William Harvey
B) Louis Pasteur
C) Niels Bohr
D) Robert Koch
- 8. Who developed the first successful smallpox vaccine in the 18th century?
A) Edward Jenner
B) Paul Langerhans
C) Ignaz Semmelweis
D) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
- 9. The identification of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the cause of AIDS was made by which researchers?
A) Luc Montagnier and Robert Gallo
B) Edward Jenner and Louis Pasteur
C) Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin
D) Wilhelm Roentgen and Emil von Behring
- 10. Who is credited with the development of the first successful heart transplant in 1967?
A) James D. Watson
B) Werner Forssmann
C) Barry Marshall
D) Christiaan Barnard
- 11. The discovery of the role of Helicobacter pylori in causing peptic ulcers was made by which researchers?
A) Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin
B) Jonas Salk and Edward Jenner
C) Barry Marshall and Robin Warren
D) Marie Curie and Pierre Curie
- 12. Who discovered the anesthetic properties of chloroform in the mid-19th century?
A) James Young Simpson
B) Robert Koch
C) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
D) Ignaz Semmelweis
- 13. The discovery of the function of insulin in carbohydrate metabolism was made by which scientists?
A) Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
B) Charles Best and Frederick Banting
C) William Harvey and Gabriel Fallopius
D) Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg
- 14. The discovery of the first antibiotic, sulfonamide, is credited to which German chemist?
A) Alexander Fleming
B) Walter Reed
C) Gerhard Domagk
D) Ehrlich Paul
- 15. Who performed the first successful human-to-human kidney transplant in 1954?
A) Barry Marshall
B) Christiaan Barnard
C) Joseph Murray
D) Werner Forssmann
- 16. The discovery of serotonin as a neurotransmitter is attributed to which Italian neuroscientist?
A) Vittorio Erspamer
B) Josef Breuer
C) Thomas Willis
D) Ivan Pavlov
- 17. The discovery of the human genome project, mapping all genes in human DNA, was completed in which year?
A) 2003
B) 2010
C) 1987
D) 1995
- 18. Who discovered the link between smoking and lung cancer in the 20th century?
A) Louis Pasteur
B) Gregor Mendel
C) Joseph Lister
D) Richard Doll and Bradford Hill
- 19. Who discovered the antibiotic streptomycin in the mid-20th century?
A) Selman Waksman
B) Ignaz Semmelweis
C) Barry Marshall
D) Robert Koch
- 20. The discovery of the Higgs boson particle in the field of medical physics was made in which year?
A) 2018
B) 2005
C) 2012
D) 1998
- 21. What medical breakthrough did Wilhelm Roentgen make?
A) Invention of the stethoscope
B) Development of anesthesia
C) Discovery of X-rays
D) Identification of DNA structure
- 22. What did Joseph Lister introduce to surgery that revolutionized healthcare?
A) Antiseptic surgery
B) Plastic surgery
C) Cosmetic surgery
D) Laparoscopic surgery
- 23. Who was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine?
A) Rosalind Franklin
B) Grace Hopper
C) Marie Curie
D) Gerty Cori
- 24. What did Rene Laennec invent that became an essential tool for diagnosing lung conditions?
A) Stethoscope
B) MRI scanner
C) EKG machine
D) Sphygmomanometer
- 25. Who discovered the role of handwashing in preventing infections in hospitals?
A) Ignaz Semmelweis
B) William Harvey
C) Joseph Lister
D) Jonas Salk
- 26. In what year was the X-ray discovered?
A) 1876
B) 1920
C) 1905
D) 1895
- 27. Which scientist discovered the concept of blood types?
A) William Harvey
B) Francis Crick
C) Karl Landsteiner
D) Gregor Mendel
- 28. What was the first successful organ transplant?
A) Liver
B) Lung
C) Heart
D) Kidney
- 29. Which disease was eradicated through a worldwide vaccination campaign?
A) Measles
B) Tuberculosis
C) Smallpox
D) Polio
- 30. What device did Christian Barnard use in the first successful heart transplant surgery?
A) Heart-lung machine
B) Stethoscope
C) Defibrillator
D) Pacemaker
- 31. Who discovered the vaccine for rabies?
A) Louis Pasteur
B) Joseph Lister
C) Alexander Fleming
D) Marie Curie
- 32. What is the common name for Acetylsalicylic Acid, which was developed by Bayer in 1897?
A) Paracetamol
B) Aspirin
C) Morphine
D) Ibuprofen
- 33. When was the first successful human kidney transplant performed?
A) 1965
B) 1940
C) 1978
D) 1954
- 34. What was the first antibiotic discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming?
A) Tetracycline
B) Neomycin
C) Streptomycin
D) Penicillin
- 35. Which scientist is known for the discovery of capillary action in plants, known as Halesian physiology?
A) James Watson
B) Gregor Mendel
C) Alexander Fleming
D) Stephen Hales
- 36. What is the condition characterized by the body attacking its own cells or tissues, resulting in inflammation and damage?
A) Heart disease
B) Autoimmune disease
C) Diabetes
D) Cancer
- 37. What vaccine did Jonas Salk develop in 1955?
A) Flu vaccine
B) Polio vaccine
C) MMR vaccine
D) Hepatitis B vaccine
- 38. Who was the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States in 1849?
A) Marie Curie
B) Rosalind Franklin
C) Florence Nightingale
D) Elizabeth Blackwell
- 39. In 1900, who discovered the insect-based transmission of malaria?
A) Ronald Ross
B) Walter Reed
C) Alexander Fleming
D) Gerty Cori
- 40. Who discovered the first effective treatment for syphilis in the early 20th century?
A) Jonas Salk
B) Wilhelm Roentgen
C) Paul Ehrlich
D) Louis Pasteur
- 41. Which scientist is known for pioneering research on radioactivity in the early 20th century?
A) Marie Curie
B) Gerty Cori
C) Rosalind Franklin
D) Louis Pasteur
- 42. Who discovered the hepatitis B virus and developed a vaccine for it?
A) Edward Jenner
B) Baruch Blumberg
C) Jonas Salk
D) Frederick Banting
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