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Angkor I - Exam
Contributed by: Heaton
  • 1. Who founded Angkor I?
A) Suryavarman II
B) Indravarman I
C) Jayavarman II
D) Jayavarman VII
  • 2. What is the main temple in Angkor I called?
A) Bayon
B) Bakong
C) Ta Prohm
D) Angkor Wat
  • 3. Which famous city is near Angkor I?
A) Hanoi
B) Phnom Penh
C) Siem Reap
D) Ho Chi Minh City
  • 4. Who discovered Angkor I in the 19th century?
A) Vasco da Gama
B) Marco Polo
C) Christopher Columbus
D) Henri Mouhot
  • 5. What is the meaning of the term 'Angkor'?
A) City
B) Temple
C) Mountain
D) River
  • 6. What is the main material used to build Angkor I temples?
A) Limestone
B) Granite
C) Marble
D) Sandstone
  • 7. What is the capital of Cambodia?
A) Phnom Penh
B) Kuala Lumpur
C) Singapore
D) Bangkok
  • 8. What kind of structure is Angkor Wat?
A) Library
B) Temple
C) Palace
D) Fortress
  • 9. What is the original meaning of the name 'Angkor'?
A) 'Kingdom', derived from the Khmer word nokor
B) 'Religious site', referring specifically to Hindu temples
C) 'Capital city', derived directly from Sanskrit
D) 'Temple complex', related to Angkor Wat
  • 10. Which religion was dominant in the ancient Khmer Empire?
A) Shaivism
B) Vaishnavism
C) Hinduism
D) Buddhism
  • 11. What is Angkor Wat primarily known as today?
A) A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1992
B) One of Cambodia's major tourist attractions
C) The largest pre-industrial city in the world by surface area
D) The location where Jayavarman II declared himself a 'god-king'
  • 12. What was Angkor considered to be due to its water management network?
A) 'Religious hub'
B) 'Agricultural center'
C) 'Architectural marvel'
D) 'Hydraulic city'
  • 13. Which temple was completed around 921 and named after the foster mother of Lord Krishna?
A) Yasodharapura
B) Angkor Wat
C) Ta Prohm
D) Bayon Temple
  • 14. What event led to Angkor's population migrating south to Longvek?
A) The construction of Angkor Wat
B) The declaration of Jayavarman II as a 'god-king'
C) Angkor being declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992
D) The 1431 sacking of Angkor by Ayutthaya
  • 15. What was the estimated population range that the agricultural systems in the Angkor area might have supported?
A) Between 750,000 and 1,000,000 people
B) Less than 100,000 people
C) About 500,000 people
D) Over two million people annually as visitors
  • 16. What was Angkor's fate after falling under Ayutthayan suzerainty in 1351?
A) It expanded its territory significantly
B) It became the capital of the Ayutthaya Kingdom
C) It was preserved as a religious site without any conflict
D) It eventually faced sacking by Ayutthaya in 1431, leading to a population migration
  • 17. What is one of the challenges faced in conserving Angkor?
A) Complete destruction of all temples
B) Problems in trying to preserve the site for future generations
C) Absence of any historical records
D) Lack of interest from tourists
  • 18. How many visitors approach Angkor annually?
A) Two million
B) Less than one million
C) Over five million
D) Exactly one thousand
  • 19. When did the transition from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age occur at Angkor?
A) 500 AD
B) 420 BC
C) 1000 BC
D) 300 AD
  • 20. Which temple complex in Angkor had remains of iron development?
A) Ta Prohm
B) Bayon
C) Preah Khan
D) Angkor Wat
  • 21. Which mountain was near the quarry used for stone in Angkor's construction?
A) Kulen Mountain
B) Phnom Penh
C) Mount Everest
D) Mount Fuji
  • 22. What does the outer wall of Angkor Wat represent?
A) Mountains enclosing the world
B) Deserts around a city
C) The walls of a palace
D) Rivers surrounding a kingdom
  • 23. What was one primary use of roads and canals in Angkor?
A) Agricultural storage
B) Transportation or trade
C) Religious ceremonies
D) Military defense
  • 24. How were nearby sites connected to Angkor?
A) Telegraph lines
B) Many were connected with rivers
C) Main roads
D) Footpaths
  • 25. What was one hypothesized benefit of roads and canals in Angkor?
A) Helping with contact among other empires
B) Serving as marketplaces
C) Facilitating religious pilgrimages
D) Providing shelter during storms
  • 26. How did roads in Angkor expand?
A) Due to religious mandates
B) As the economy grew
C) In response to population decline
D) With advancements in technology
  • 27. What did LiDAR reveal about cities after the decline of Angkor?
A) They expanded significantly
B) They were sparsely populated
C) They became major trade hubs
D) They developed advanced technology
  • 28. In which year did Jayavarman II declare himself 'universal monarch'?
A) 802 AD
B) 800 AD
C) 789 AD
D) 810 AD
  • 29. Which scholar connected Angkor's decline with the conversion to Theravada Buddhism?
A) Zhou Daguan
B) Suryavarman II
C) George Coedès
D) Jayavarman VII
  • 30. What replaced cultist statues of Buddha during the Hindu restoration?
A) Statues of Vishnu
B) Stupas
C) Images of Brahma
D) Lingams
  • 31. What was the epithet taken by Jayavarman II linking him to the cult of Siva?
A) "god-king" (devaraja)
B) Universal monarch
C) Chakravartin
D) Lion-man
  • 32. What was King Jayavarman VIII's religious affiliation?
A) Vaishnavite
B) Shaivite iconoclast
C) Jain
D) Buddhist
  • 33. Which temple served as the geographic and spiritual center of Angkor Thom?
A) Phimeanakas
B) Bayon
C) Preah Khan
D) Angkor Wat
  • 34. What religion did Jayavarman VII adopt as his personal faith, leading to significant changes in Angkorian temples?
A) Mahayana Buddhism
B) Hinduism
C) Theravada Buddhism
D) Islam
  • 35. In what year did the official capital move to Oudong?
A) 1618
B) 1431
C) 1865
D) 1500
  • 36. What is the meaning of the prefix 'Jaya' derived from Sanskrit?
A) Temple
B) God
C) Shield
D) Victory
  • 37. Which religion became the dominant faith in the Khmer kingdom from the 14th century?
A) Hinduism
B) Mahayana Buddhism
C) Islam
D) Theravada Buddhism
  • 38. What was the name of the central lingam erected by Indravarman I?
A) Vishnusvara
B) Suryadesvara
C) Hariharaesvara
D) Indresvara
  • 39. Which term refers to an 'open space' or 'wide plain' in Khmer architecture?
A) Gopura
B) Prasat
C) Baray
D) Wat
  • 40. What type of buildings in Angkorian times were made with perishable materials?
A) Government offices
B) Religious edifices
C) Marketplaces
D) Non-religious buildings
  • 41. Who celebrated the Khmer New Year in Angkor Wat in 1632?
A) Ukondafu Kazufusa
B) Henri Mouhot
C) António da Madalena
D) Anna Leonowens
  • 42. Which ancient city is noted as the nearest in size to Angkor before the Industrial Revolution?
A) Tikal
B) Rome
C) Athens
D) Babylon
  • 43. When did Western tourism to Angkor begin?
A) 1990s
B) 1980s
C) 1960s
D) 1970s
  • 44. How many people were required to service the Ta Prohm temple complex?
A) 50,000
B) 12,640
C) 20,000
D) 5,000
  • 45. How many major temples or buildings are found within the Angkor area?
A) 100
B) 30
C) 50
D) Around 72
  • 46. During whose reign did Zhou Daguan visit Angkor?
A) Jayavarman VII
B) Suryavarman II
C) Yasovarman I
D) Indravarman III
  • 47. How many new archaeological sites have been discovered by UNESCO at Angkor?
A) Dozens
B) Thousands
C) Hundreds
D) Tens
  • 48. Which mountain was represented by an elevated temple in the Khmer Empire?
A) Phnom Kulen
B) Mount Everest
C) Mount Meru
D) Kailash Mountain
  • 49. What does the name 'Ta Prohm' mean?
A) Protected by Surya, the sun-god
B) Ancestor Brahma
C) Victory of Indra
D) Sacred sword
  • 50. How did Zhou Daguan refer to the Shaivites in his writings?
A) Taoists
B) Buddhists
C) Brahmans
D) Hindus
  • 51. What is the meaning of the Khmer word 'Thom'?
A) Large
B) Fortress
C) City
D) Temple
  • 52. What was the divine component of the royal personality cult during King Jayavarman VII's reign?
A) Shiva
B) The bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara
C) Vishnu
D) Brahma
  • 53. What agency is responsible for overseeing the management of Angkor?
A) APSARA.
B) UNESCO.
C) World Monuments Fund.
D) Cambodian Ministry of Tourism.
  • 54. Who was the first recorded European visitor to Angkor Wat?
A) Louis Delaporte
B) Anna Leonowens in 1865
C) Henri Mouhot in 1860
D) António da Madalena, a 16th-century Portuguese friar
  • 55. Which natural disaster is NOT mentioned as a potential cause of Angkor's decline?
A) Bubonic Plague
B) Volcanic eruptions
C) Earthquakes
D) Extreme flooding
  • 56. What was the approximate size of Angkor at its peak compared to modern cities?
A) Greater than modern Paris
B) Larger than London
C) Similar to New York City
D) Comparable to Tokyo
  • 57. What material were the images of Buddha made from, as observed by Zhou Daguan?
A) Stone
B) Bronze
C) Gilded plaster
D) Wood
  • 58. What title did Suryavarman II use to identify with Vishnu?
A) "Paramavishnuloka"
B) "Devaraja"
C) "Hariharaesvara"
D) "Indresvara"
  • 59. What is the meaning of the Sanskrit term 'Esvara' or 'Isvara'?
A) King
B) Victory
C) God
D) Shield
  • 60. Which organization directed the restoration work at Angkor from 1907 to 1970?
A) École française d'Extrême-Orient
B) World Monuments Fund
C) APSARA Authority
D) UNESCO
  • 61. What was the primary role of Brahmans according to Zhou Daguan's observations?
A) Monks
B) Priests
C) Artisans
D) High officials
  • 62. Which deity is associated with Shaivism at Angkor?
A) Indra
B) Vishnu
C) Shiva
D) Brahma
  • 63. In which century did Japanese settlements appear at Angkor?
A) 17th century
B) 19th century
C) 18th century
D) 16th century
  • 64. In the face towers of the Bayon, King Jayavarman VII represented himself as which bodhisattva?
A) Avalokiteshvara
B) Manjushri
C) Maitreya
D) Vajrapani
  • 65. During which season does excessive pumping of groundwater occur at Angkor?
A) The dry season.
B) The monsoon season.
C) The rainy season.
D) The harvest season.
  • 66. What did Zhou Daguan describe as part of a royal procession in his account?
A) A parade of elephants carrying treasures
B) A dance performance by courtiers
C) The sovereign standing on an elephant, holding his sacred sword
D) A chariot race with the king
  • 67. What does the Khmer word 'Srei' mean when derived from Sanskrit strī?
A) Victory
B) Woman
C) Beauty, splendor, or glory
D) Shield
  • 68. Who was the Chinese diplomat that visited Angkor in 1296 and wrote about his observations?
A) Fa Xian
B) Ibn Battuta
C) Marco Polo
D) Zhou Daguan
  • 69. What color robes did the Theravada Buddhist monks wear according to Zhou Daguan?
A) Blue
B) Red
C) White
D) Yellow
  • 70. What material was used for the king's residence in Angkorian times?
A) Wood
B) Metal
C) Brick
D) Stone
  • 71. What organization has been working on conserving Angkor since 1992?
A) UNESCO
B) International Council on Monuments and Sites
C) World Heritage Committee
D) Cambodian Government
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