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Philippines campaign (1944–1945) - Quiz
Contributed by: Woolley
  • 1. When did the U.S. Sixth Army land at Lingayen Gulf?
A) 28 February 1945
B) 9 January 1945
C) 3 March 1945
D) 3 February 1945
  • 2. Who was the commander of the U.S. Sixth Army during the Luzon campaign?
A) Walter Krueger
B) Shizuo Yokoyama
C) Marcos Agustin
D) Tomoyuki Yamashita
  • 3. Which corps operated on the eastern side of the advance across Central Luzon?
A) XI Corps
B) 8th Cavalry
C) I Corps
D) XIV Corps
  • 4. Who was the Japanese commander on Luzon?
A) Shizuo Yokoyama
B) Marcos Agustin
C) Tomoyuki Yamashita
D) Walter Krueger
  • 5. What was a major intermediate objective northwest of Manila?
A) Wawa Dam
B) Ipo Dam
C) Corregidor
D) Clark Field complex
  • 6. When did elements of the 1st Cavalry Division enter Manila?
A) 13 April 1945
B) 9 January 1945
C) 3 March 1945
D) 3 February 1945
  • 7. When was Manila officially declared secured?
A) 3 February 1945
B) 13 April 1945
C) 30 May 1945
D) 3 March 1945
  • 8. What substance was used to destroy the Japanese forces in Fort Drum?
A) Napalm
B) Crude oil
C) Gasoline
D) Diesel fuel
  • 9. Which Japanese group controlled the Ipo and Wawa Dams?
A) Sixth Army
B) XIV Corps
C) 1st Cavalry
D) Shimbu Group
  • 10. Who led the Filipino guerrillas that supported American forces against the Shimbu Group?
A) Shizuo Yokoyama
B) Tomoyuki Yamashita
C) Marcos Agustin
D) Walter Krueger
  • 11. Which corps eventually replaced the XIV Corps in the fighting against the Shimbu Group?
A) 1st Cavalry
B) XI Corps
C) I Corps
D) 8th Cavalry
  • 12. How many U.S. divisions battled on Luzon?
A) Twelve
B) Ten
C) Five
D) Eight
  • 13. The Luzon campaign involved more troops than any other campaign in what region?
A) Pacific war
B) Italy
C) North Africa
D) Southern France
  • 14. When did the battle for the Ipo and Wawa Dams end?
A) 3 February 1945
B) 3 March 1945
C) 30 May 1945
D) 13 April 1945
  • 15. What provided intelligence and assistance to the Sixth Army during the Luzon advance?
A) Aerial reconnaissance
B) Naval scouts
C) Filipino guerrillas
D) Local civilians
  • 16. What was the U.S. Sixth Army's second major target in the Philippines campaign?
A) Mindoro
B) Manila
C) Luzon
D) Leyte
  • 17. Where is the island of Mindoro located in relation to Luzon?
A) Directly east
B) Directly west
C) Directly north
D) Directly south
  • 18. What was MacArthur's primary goal in seizing Mindoro?
A) To capture the Japanese Emperor
B) To establish a naval shipyards
C) To construct airfields
D) To secure gold reserves
  • 19. Which fleet carried the invasion convoy from Leyte to Mindoro?
A) The Seventh Fleet
B) The Third Fleet
C) The Fifth Fleet
D) The British Pacific Fleet
  • 20. What type of aircraft attacked the invasion convoy heading to Mindoro?
A) Strategic bombers
B) Kamikaze aircraft
C) Torpedo bombers
D) Reconnaissance planes
  • 21. Where did U.S. Army engineers construct a major air base on Mindoro?
A) Bataan
B) Lingayen
C) San Jose
D) Manila
  • 22. What advantage did Mindoro have over Leyte regarding weather?
A) It was colder
B) It was stormier
C) It had a dry climate
D) It had constant fog
  • 23. Which aircraft made its first Pacific War appearance on Mindoro?
A) B-29 Superfortress
B) P-47 Thunderbolt
C) P-51B Mustang
D) F4U Corsair
  • 24. What major area of Luzon was targeted for the invasion following the success at Mindoro?
A) Subic Bay
B) Lingayen Gulf
C) Davao
D) Cebu City
  • 25. On what date did landings occur on the beaches of Mindoro?
A) 9 January 1945
B) 15 December 1944
C) 15 January 1945
D) 20 December 1944
  • 26. Approximately how many men came ashore at the Lingayen Gulf beachhead?
A) 175,000
B) 50,000
C) 100,000
D) 250,000
  • 27. How wide was the beachhead established at Lingayen Gulf?
A) Fifty miles
B) One hundred miles
C) Five miles
D) Twenty miles
  • 28. What method was used in the second major landing following the Lingayen Gulf operation to isolate Manila?
A) An amphibious tank assault
B) A naval blockade only
C) A parachute drop
D) A massive artillery barrage
  • 29. What was the role of the U.S. Fifth Air Force and Task Force 38 during the Battle of Ormoc Bay?
A) Maintaining public order in local villages
B) Landing ground troops directly on the beach
C) Negotiating a surrender with Japanese commanders
D) Devastating Japanese reinforcement and supply efforts
  • 30. Which guerrilla leader's units assisted the U.S. Sixth Army?
A) Ruperto Kangleon
B) Dwight Eisenhower
C) Douglas MacArthur
D) George Patton
  • 31. What specific tactical action did Filipino guerrillas perform to block Japanese displacement?
A) Captured the Japanese emperor
B) Dynamited key bridges
C) Built new landing strips
D) Sank enemy battleships
  • 32. Where did the U.S. Army make an amphibious landing on 7 December 1944?
A) Tacloban
B) Samar
C) Dulag
D) Ormoc Bay
  • 33. What major island is located just north of Leyte?
A) Mindanao
B) Luzon
C) Palawan
D) Samar
  • 34. What weather conditions hampered the American advance across Leyte?
A) Torrential rainfall
B) Intense heat waves
C) Sandstorms
D) Severe snowstorms
  • 35. Where were the initial U.S. Sixth Army landings on Leyte?
A) Mindanao and Cebu
B) Manila and Bataan
C) Ormoc Bay and Samar
D) Tacloban and Dulag
  • 36. What was the codename for the Philippines campaign?
A) Operation Downfall
B) Operation Overlord
C) Operation Cartwheel
D) Operation Musketeer
  • 37. Which country provided the 201st Fighter Squadron to the campaign?
A) New Zealand
B) Australia
C) Canada
D) Mexico
  • 38. Who was the Supreme Commander of the Southwest Pacific Theater of Operations?
A) Chester W. Nimitz
B) Douglas MacArthur
C) Thomas E. Bourke
D) William F. Halsey Jr.
  • 39. What was the northernmost base reached by MacArthur before the Philippines invasion?
A) Morotai
B) Saipan
C) Leyte
D) Guam
  • 40. Where were the B-29 Superfortress bombers moved during the fall of 1944?
A) The Admiralty Islands
B) British Burma
C) The Marianas
D) British India
  • 41. What was the initial island chosen for the landing before it was changed to Leyte?
A) Saipan
B) New Guinea
C) Mindanao
D) Tinian
  • 42. Who recommended moving the invasion date and location to Leyte?
A) Chester W. Nimitz
B) Thomas E. Bourke
C) Douglas MacArthur
D) William F. Halsey
  • 43. Which major base was bypassed by Allied forces using Operation Cartwheel?
A) Leyte
B) Rabaul
C) Mindanao
D) Manila
  • 44. What type of government did the Philippines have in 1935?
A) Japanese Puppet State
B) United States Territory
C) Commonwealth of the Philippines
D) Independent Republic
  • 45. Why was the Australian government's offer of ground troops rejected?
A) MacArthur felt they lacked combat experience
B) The Australian Cabinet wanted significant operational control
C) The U.S. Army did not need additional help
D) They were needed in the defense of Australia
  • 46. Who commanded the Rock Force during the assault on Corregidor?
A) Colonel Hiroo Onoda
B) General Douglas MacArthur
C) Colonel George M. Jones
D) General Eighth Army
  • 47. What was the elevated western plateau of Corregidor known as?
A) Topside
B) Mariveles
C) Malinta
D) San Jose
  • 48. Which infantry regiment conducted the amphibious landing at San Jose Beach?
A) 462nd Parachute Field Artillery
B) 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment
C) 34th Infantry Regiment
D) 38th Infantry Division
  • 49. Where did the 38th Infantry Division land on 15 February 1945 to stage for the Corregidor assault?
A) Mindanao
B) Palawan
C) Luzon
D) Mariveles
  • 50. Which aircraft were used to transport the 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment during the assault?
A) B-29
B) C-130
C) C-47
D) P-51
  • 51. Who was the last Japanese holdout from the Philippines campaign to surrender?
A) The commander of the 34th Infantry
B) Hiroo Onoda
C) Douglas MacArthur
D) George M. Jones
  • 52. On what island did Hiroo Onoda surrender in 1974?
A) Palawan
B) Lubang Island
C) Mindanao
D) Corregidor
  • 53. Which of the following islands was NOT mentioned as being invaded by the U.S. Eighth Army following Mindanao?
A) Cebu
B) Luzon
C) Panay
D) Negros
  • 54. Palawan is the fifth largest and which other directional island in the Philippines?
A) Westernmost
B) Northernmost
C) Easternmost
D) Southernmost
  • 55. In what year did the final Japanese holdout in the Philippines surrender?
A) 1950
B) 1974
C) 1945
D) 1960
  • 56. Approximately how many Filipino civilians were estimated to have been killed during the Philippines campaign?
A) One hundred thousand
B) A million
C) Two million
D) Half a million
  • 57. Who revealed that Japanese military nurses were euthanised against their will?
A) Douglas MacArthur
B) Kikue Kobayashi
C) Tsuki Suzuki
D) Sergio Osmeña
  • 58. What did the Japanese military claim happened to the nurses they euthanised when informing their families?
A) They committed ritual suicide
B) They died from tropical diseases
C) They perished in battle against the US
D) They were captured as prisoners
  • 59. What physical ailment did Kikue Kobayashi describe regarding the Japanese nurses?
A) They were unable to speak
B) Their feet were too swollen for their shoes
C) They lost their hearing
D) They suffered from blindness
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