A) A.Reporting the result to the police only. B) Immediately publishing the findings in a scientific journal. C) Administering treatment to the victim. D) Documenting the result and preserving the sample for court evidence.
A) To identify the color and odor characteristics. B) A.To identify the toxic effect. C) To determine the source and legal admissibility of the evidence D) C.To calculate the concentration of the chemical.
A) A.Conduct the test and discard the sample. B) Only notify the laboratory manager. C) C.Test only for lethal chemicals. D) Cross-reference the substance with controlled substances schedules.
A) C.Testing only for common poisons. B) Following validated protocols and maintaining chain of custody C) Allowing multiple technicians to randomly alter procedures. D) A.Using the cheapest and fastest analytical method.
A) Trace chemicals can be reported without documentation. B) A.Trace chemicals prove guilt without further context. C) Trace chemicals may suggest exposure but must be corroborated with other evidence. D) C.Trace chemicals are irrelevant unless in large amounts.
A) Forensic toxicology is like a laboratory technician cleaning samples. B) A.Forensic toxicology is like a detective mapping crime scenes. C) Forensic toxicology is like a police interrogator asking questions. D) Forensic toxicology is like a translator between chemical evidence and legal interpretation
A) Immediately reporting findings, preserving evidence, and documenting the analysis. B) C.Informing the media before law enforcement. C) Neutralizing the cyanide and discarding the sample. D) Conducting personal experiments to verify toxicity.
A) Recording results in an official laboratory report. B) B.Using validated analytical methods for controlled substances. C) Altering test results to fit the expected outcome. D) A.Maintaining a detailed chain of custody for samples.
A) C.Only visual observation is sufficient. B) Identification is based on reproducible analytical methods and peer-reviewed techniques. C) A.Confidence is irrelevant; results are always taken as truth. D) Results should be accepted without documentation.
A) Reporting the substance as legal if it is not listed in the old law B) Comparing molecular structure, toxicity, and legal classification. C) Only checking if the color matches. D) Ignoring its potential effects because it’s a new compound.
A) Residues are like fingerprints—they may link a suspect to a crime scene. B) B.Residues are like dust, always irrelevant. C) Residues are only useful for academic studies. D) C.Residues always prove guilt directly.
A) C.Should the victim be ignored if symptoms are mild? B) Can the poison be replaced with another chemical for convenience? C) B.What is the cheapest method to detect the poison? D) How can the concentration of the poison relate to the victim’s cause of death?
A) C.Report the substance as illegal everywhere. B) Ignore the legal classification and focus solely on chemistry C) Document the finding and consult legal authorities on jurisdiction-specific legislation. D) A.Proceed without concern for jurisdictional laws.
A) A.It ensures that evidence is analyzed quickly. B) It only tracks the sample’s weight. C) It allows multiple labs to change the sample freely. D) It guarantees that evidence results are admissible and reliable in court.
A) Only focusing on the chemical with the highest concentration B) Integrating chemical identification, dosage, metabolism, and legal implications to interpret the outcome C) Listing the chemicals without relating to cause of death D) Assuming all compounds were administered intentionally
A) Principle of contamination control B) Locard’s exchange principle C) Chain of custody D) Principle of individuality
A) Admissibility of expert opinion B) Authentication under Rules of Evidence C) Preservation of corpus delicti D) Scientific reliability of the method
A) Tracing drug metabolites in human urine B) Determining the lethal dose of poison C) Establishing a direct cause of death D) Identifying the antidote for ingestion
A) It renders the evidence inadmissible due to lack of authentication B) It invalidates the chain of custody automatically C) It affects the credibility but not admissibility of evidence D) It constitutes a violation of procedural due process
A) Reconstructing crime scenes solely by chemical analysis B) Substituting eyewitness testimony with expert interpretation C) Scientifically linking physical evidence to legal elements of a crime D) Establishing guilt beyond reasonable doubt through confession
A) To develop new chemical compounds for industrial use B) To teach chemistry to law enforcement personnel C) To analyze chemical evidence to assist in legal investigations D) To regulate the sale of chemicals to the public
A) Identifying the type of explosive used in a bombing B) Measuring the pH of a soil sample C) Determining the exact concentration of a drug in a blood sample D) Calculating the volume of a liquid found at a crime scene
A) The documented history of the handling and storage of evidence. The order in which witnesses are called to testify in court B) The sequence of chemical reactions used to identify a substance C) The list of ingredients in a chemical compound
A) Mass Spectrometry B) Titration C) Distillation D) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
A) To understand how different drugs interact with each other B) To assess the potential effects of a substance based on the amount present in the body C) To determine the legal penalties for drug possession D) To identify the source of a drug or poison
A) Only perform a confirmatory test without preliminary screening B) Conduct preliminary color tests followed by confirmatory tests to verify the presence of blood C) Immediately report it as blood based on color alone D) Ignore the stain because it might be from food
A) They allow rapid screening to prioritize samples while reducing risk of false positives B) Preliminary tests alone are sufficient for legal reporting C) Preliminary tests are optional; confirmatory tests are enough D) They provide definitive identification without confirmatory analysis
A) DNA analysis first, then discard microscopic examination B) Only microscopic comparison without DNA testing C) Microscopy for morphological assessment (preliminary) and DNA analysis (confirmatory) D) Report the hair as human without further testing
A) Performing a simple colorimetric test only B) Using GC-MS or IR spectroscopy after preliminary reagent tests C) Relying solely on odor or visual appearance D) Only noting solubility in water
A) Preliminary tests and confirmatory tests are identical B) Confirmatory tests are only for decorative purposes C) Preliminary tests are like a screening metal detector, and confirmatory tests are like x-ray scanning to verify the object D) Preliminary tests are the final verdict; confirmatory tests are optional
A) Report it as linked to a victim immediately B) Compare only color under a microscope C) Use preliminary microscopic characteristics and confirm with FTIR or microchemical analysis. D) Only perform chemical solubility tests
A) Preliminary tests can replace confirmatory tests for efficiency B) Preliminary tests are always accurate and need no validation C) Validation is unnecessary for trace evidence
A) Conduct a confirmatory test such as Takayama or immunoassay to verify. B) Conclude it is human blood C) Discard the sample because preliminary tests are sufficient D) Record the color reaction as the final result
A) Confirming trace fibers using micro-FTIR B) Reporting preliminary color test results as conclusive identification without confirmatory evidence. C) Using DNA testing to confirm human biological material D) Conducting GC-MS on suspected controlled substances
A) Perform only a solubility test B) Rely solely on color to identify the substance C) Conduct preliminary reagent tests for common substances, then confirm with spectroscopy or chromatography D) Immediately report it as a drug solution based on smell
A) First performing chemical spot tests, then confirming with SEM-EDX particle analysis B) Only noting the firearm type at the scene C) Using only SEM-EDX for identification D) Relying on the victim’s testimony
A) Both tests provide complementary information, reducing false positives and ensuring admissibility B) Trace evidence is rarely important in court C) Confirmatory tests are unnecessary if preliminary tests are positive D) Preliminary tests alone are sufficient for legal reporting
A) Report the stain as blood based on color B) Ignore the stain because it may be paint C) Use only a microscope to identify blood cells D) Test the stain with phenolphthalein (preliminary), then perform Takayama (confirmatory)
A) Confirmatory tests always replace preliminary tests B) Confirmatory tests are optional decorations in the laboratory C) Confirmatory tests are like a referee confirming a goal after video replay D) Confirmatory tests are performed randomly for fun
A) Assume the paint belongs to the suspect car without testing B) Only measure the paint thickness C) Conduct preliminary microscopic and chemical characterization, followed by confirmatory spectroscopy (FTIR or Raman) D) Compare only color to the suspect vehicle
A) Benzidine test B) Takayama crystal test C) ABAcard HemaTrace test D) Teichmann test
A) Ultraviolet spectroscopy B) Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) C) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) D) Colorimetric comparison test
A) Mitochondrial DNA analysis B) Cuticle scale pattern analysis C) Microscopic pigmentation test D) Medullary index measurement
A) The suspect handled explosives recently B) Contact with agricultural fertilizer C) Gunpowder residue deposition D) Exposure to organic solvents
A) Chain of custody B) Specificity limitation C) Reproducibility D) Sensitivity
A) Microscopic examination for spermatozoa B) Saliva test C) Amylase test D) Acid phosphatase test
A) Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) B) Melting point determination C) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) D) Microscopic examination
A) Burning test B) Solubility test C) Infrared Spectroscopy D) Microscopic examination of colour and texture
A) Yes, if the examiner is very sure about the result B) Yes, a negative presumptive test rules out the presence of blood C) No, a negative presumptive test does not completely rule out the presence of blood; further testing may be required D) Maybe, depend on the experience of the examiner
A) Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) B) Griess test C) Sodium rhodizonate test D) Luminol test
A) Use a sterile swab to collect the blood, allow it to air dry, and place it in a paper envelope B) Mix the blood with ethanol and store in a sealed container C) Scrape the blood into a plastic bag and store at room temperature D) Wash the blood with distilled water and then freeze the residue
A) A.Comb the clothing thoroughly with a metal comb B) Wash the hair before storage to remove potential contaminants C) Use tweezers to handle the hair and store it in a paper envelope D) Place the hair in a sealed plastic bag to prevent contamination
A) Freeze the fabric immediately without drying B) Wash the fabric in cold water to prevent bacterial growth C) Place the fabric in a plastic bag while still wet D) Air dry the fabric and store in a breathable container
A) Place directly in a sealed plastic bag B) Wrap in paper and store in a cool, dry place C) Mix with other drug samples to save space D) Dissolve in water for transport
A) Sweep the area with a vacuum cleaner and store the dust in plastic bags B) Freeze the fibers to preserve color C) Collect fibers using sticky tape and store in paper packets D) Place all fibers in a single envelope regardless of source
A) Sweep all glass fragments together in a plastic bag B) Dissolve the glass in acid to simplify storage C) Use gloves and tweezers to collect each fragment, wrapping them in paper D) Use bare hands to pick fragments and store in plastic containers
A) Make a silicone cast of the tool mark and send to lab B) Rub the tool mark with graphite to highlight it, then photograph C) Apply tape to lift the mark and store in a plastic bag D) Measure the tool mark dimensions and discard the site evidence
A) Combine evidence in one container to save time B) Collect evidence from different locations using separate tools and packaging C) Collect the largest item first, then smaller items D) Wash gloves between collections but reuse the same packaging
A) Wash the blood to remove soil contaminants B) Immediately store blood in plastic and freeze C) Mix with ethanol and store in a sealed container D) Collect wet blood with a sterile swab and air dry before packaging
A) Fibers → Glass → Blood → Drugs B) Blood → Fibers → Glass → Drugs C) Drugs → Glass → Fibers → Blood D) Glass → Blood → Drugs → Fibers
A) Plastic bags for all evidence B) Paper envelopes for biological evidence, separate from trace evidence C) Store wet evidence together in a single container D) Wrap all items together in aluminum foil
A) Only photograph the fiber sample B) Sketch the scene and label exact locations of all evidence collected C) Remove evidence without documenting to save time D) Rely on memory for labeling evidence
A) Record the date, time, and collector’s initials on the evidence label B) Hand it directly to a lab staff without documentation C) Combine it with other glass fragments from unrelated cases D) Store in an unmarked envelope to prevent tampering
A) Split the sample: prioritize blood DNA extraction first, then drug analysis B) Perform drug testing first since it is faster C) Mix the sample with preservatives and store for future analysis D) Analyze only one type of evidence to save resources
A) Remove fibers only and discard the gloves B) C.Wash gloves to extract evidence, then store C) B.Cut gloves into pieces and place in separate plastic bags D) Collect gloves as a whole, air dry, and store in paper bags
A) Allowing the sample to air-dry before packaging B) Scraping it into a paper envelope while wet C) Using a wet swab directly on the stain D) Sealing in an airtight plastic bag immediately
A) In a plastic bag with silica gel B) On adhesive tape sealed in a paper bindle C) In cotton padding inside a sealed glass tube D) In a wet swab container
A) It prevents chemical degradation B) It confirms the evidence’s scientific validity C) It ensures sample representativeness D) It fulfills chain of custody requirements
A) Immerse in ethanol solution B) Place in plastic ziplock C) Air-dry and package in paper bag D) Freeze immediately after collection
A) Chemical reaction with glass B) DNA degradation C) Trace transfer or breakage D) Static charge contamination
A) Scrape the sample into a paper envelope while still wet B) Seal the sample in an airtight plastic bag immediately C) Collect the sample with a wet swab D) Allow the sample to air-dry completely before packaging
A) Enclose the hair in cotton padding inside a sealed glass tube B) Affix the hair to adhesive tape, then seal the tape in a paper bindle C) Place the hair in a wet swab container D) Store the hair in a plastic bag with silica gel
A) To prevent chemical degradation of the sample B) To fulfil chain of custody requirements C) To ensure the sample is representative of the whole D) To confirm the evidence's scientific validity
A) Pour the liquid directly into a plastic container B) Using a sterile cotton swab, air dry, and package in a paper envelope C) Leave it at the scene to avoid contamination D) Using a sterile cotton swab, air dry, and package in a paper envelope. B. Collect with a wet swab and seal in a plastic bag
A) Secure it in a cardboard box, noting the position of the safety and any cartridges remaining in the chamber B) Disassemble it to prevent accidental discharge C) Clean it thoroughly to remove fingerprints D) Place it in a plastic bag to protect it from scratches
A) Biological; viral toxin B) Biological; bacterial toxin C) Chemical; organophosphate D) Chemical; heavy meta
A) Atropine, Hydroxocobalamin B) Vitamin K C) Naloxone
A) Biological poisons require ingestion to be effective B) Chemical poisons like arsenic affect metabolic enzymes directly C) Both act by enzymatic inhibition D) Biological poisons generally act faster than chemical
A) Chemical; antidote administration B) Biological; induced vomiting C) Biological; supportive care D) Chemical; chelation
A) Methanol causes metabolic derangements; tetanus toxin disrupts neurotransmission B) Both require enzymatic activation to exert effects C) Both produce immediate CNS depression D) Both are neutralized by the same antidote
A) Botulinum toxin has a lower lethal dose and acts via neuroinhibition B) Cyanide requires enzymatic activation C) Both act by the same mechanism D) Cyanide is more potent than botulinum toxin
A) Only provide intravenous fluids B) B.Use hydroxocobalamin as first-line C) Administer fomepizole to inhibit metabolism D) Administer atropine
A) Both arise exclusively from natural sources B) Chemical poisons are only synthetic C) Biological poisons can originate from bacteria like Clostridium D) Biological poisons cannot be fatal
A) C.Mercury is neutralized by antibiotics B) Mercury is a chemical poison causing enzyme inactivation and renal damage C) Mercury acts by producing neurotoxins like botulinum D) Mercury is a biological poison that inhibits acetylcholinesterase
A) Both are treated with the same antidotes B) Both inhibit cellular respiration directly C) CO is less toxic than ricin in all doses D) Ricin disrupts protein synthesis; CO binds hemoglobin to prevent oxygen delivery
A) Administer empiric antibiotics B) Measure serum cholinesterase levels C) Only rely on clinical symptoms D) Culture for Clostridium botulinum
A) Fomepizole B) Atropine C) Hydroxocobalamin D) Vitamin K
A) Protein toxins diffuse faster than lipid-soluble chemicals B) Both cross cell membranes equally C) Both are eliminated through renal excretion only D) Lipid-soluble chemicals diffuse rapidly; protein toxins may require receptor-mediated uptake
A) Assume similar onset due to rapid toxicity B) Determine method of administration and onset of action C) Use a single antidote for both cases D) Only focus on symptoms for legal evidence
A) Delayed treatment always has no effect B) Biological poisons are unaffected by treatment timing C) Early antidote administration in chemical poisoning significantly improves prognosis D) C.Both outcomes are identical regardless of treatment
A) Red blood cell oxygen transport B) Enzymatic oxidation in mitochondria C) Synaptic acetylcholine degradation D) Neuromuscular transmission
A) Naloxone B) Dimercaprol C) Pralidoxime D) Atropine
A) Mode of administration B) Source of origin C) Target organ specificity D) Detectability through spectroscopy
A) Reinsch test B) Duquenois-Levine test C) Marsh test D) Lassaigne’s test
A) May act rapidly with quantifiable doses B) Cause immunological reactions C) Exhibit cumulative effects through metabolism D) Have no specific antidotes
A) Treat both cases identically because both are toxic B) Only chemical poisons require laboratory confirmation; biological poisons are assumed from symptoms C) Legal relevance is restricted to chemical poisons; biological toxins are not admissible D) Analyze the mechanism of action, onset, and specific antidotes for each poison to guide both treatment and legal interpretation
A) Only chemical poisons are relevant in legal proceedings B) Biological poisons never require antidotes C) Antidote selection depends on the poison’s nature, mechanism, and biological target D) All poisons are treated with the same antidotes regardless of type
A) Court testimony does not require distinction between toxin types B) All toxins are equivalent for forensic reporting C) Only chemical poisons can be used as evidence in court D) Biological and chemical poisons differ in structure, action, and detection, so each must be assessed independently
A) Only qualitative observations are required for biological poisons B) Use identical chemical assays for both poisons C) Laboratory confirmation is optional for chemical poisons D) Apply analytical chemistry techniques for arsenic and protein-based detection methods for ricin to ensure accurate identification
A) Symptom similarity is sufficient for both types; mechanism is irrelevant B) Consider the distinct pharmacokinetics, mechanisms, and available antidotes for each type to support both courtroom and clinical conclusions C) Biological poisons are inherently less relevant to forensic investigation D) Only chemical poisoning requires symptom analysis for evidence purposes |