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Constitution of the Roman Republic
Contributed by: Ashcroft
  • 1. Which social class in the Roman Republic held the most political power?
A) Slaves
B) Equestrians
C) Plebeians
D) Patricians
  • 2. Who were the two elected officials of the Roman Republic who jointly ruled the state?
A) Tribunes
B) Consuls
C) Aediles
D) Censors
  • 3. What was the term for the event where a Roman general would assume temporary control during times of crisis?
A) Monarchy
B) Dictatorship
C) Republic
D) Tyranny
  • 4. Which famous military general declared himself dictator in 49 BC and effectively ended the Roman Republic?
A) Pompey
B) Scipio Africanus
C) Mark Antony
D) Julius Caesar
  • 5. What was the name of the Roman official responsible for conducting the census, managing public finances, and supervising public morals?
A) Praetor
B) Tribune
C) Censor
D) Consul
  • 6. Which event marked the official end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Roman Empire?
A) Assassination of Julius Caesar
B) Battle of Actium
C) Punic Wars
D) Sack of Rome by the Visigoths
  • 7. What was the term for the group of 300 men appointed to advise the consuls in the Roman Republic?
A) Sibylline Books
B) Senate
C) Council of the Plebs
D) Curia Hostilia
  • 8. Who were the magistrates in charge of maintaining public order and overseeing games and festivals in ancient Rome?
A) Quaestors
B) Dictators
C) Aediles
D) Censors
  • 9. What was the name of the body of magistrates that oversaw judicial matters in the Roman Republic?
A) Praetors
B) Censors
C) Aediles
D) Quaestors
  • 10. What was the name of the group of judges in ancient Rome who heard court cases and passed judgments?
A) Centumviri
B) Centurions
C) Quaestors
D) Praetorian Guard
  • 11. What powers did the magistrates hold in the Roman Republic?
A) They could only preside over assemblies without other powers.
B) They were solely responsible for declaring war.
C) They had no influence over the Assemblies.
D) They exercised religious, military, and judicial powers.
  • 12. What was a significant outcome of the Conflict of the Orders?
A) The Senate became the sole governing body.
B) Tribunes were abolished.
C) Patricians lost all political power.
D) Plebeian citizens gained equal political rights.
  • 13. How did the Roman Republic's constitution evolve from its origins?
A) It remained unchanged since the Roman Kingdom.
B) It was codified into a single written document early on.
C) The Senate became the only governing body.
D) It evolved substantively and significantly over almost five hundred years.
  • 14. What role did the plebeian assembly play in the Roman Republic?
A) It had full legislative authority.
B) It served as an advisory council to the Senate.
C) It had no significant role or power.
D) It was responsible for electing magistrates.
  • 15. What was a consequence of the increasing centralization of authority in the late Roman Republic?
A) Magistrates were no longer able to veto each other.
B) It put the republic on a path to civil war.
C) The Senate gained unprecedented power over the Assemblies.
D) Plebeians lost their political rights.
  • 16. How did Roman assemblies make decisions?
A) Through open debates and discussions among assembly members.
B) By consensus after lengthy deliberations.
C) After hearing speakers, the presiding officer could call for a direct up or down vote.
D) Decisions were made by drawing lots.
  • 17. How were the comitia different from the contio?
A) The comitia were formal gatherings where legal actions were taken, while the contio was an unofficial forum with no legal decisions made.
B) Both were informal gatherings for public announcements.
C) The comitia and contio served identical purposes.
D) Both were formal assemblies for enacting laws.
  • 18. In which year were fourteen rural tribes added to the Roman tribal assembly?
A) 495 BC
B) 241 BC
C) 287 BC
D) 471 BC
  • 19. What was one of the main responsibilities of the censors?
A) Judging criminal cases
B) Conducting the census
C) Leading military campaigns
D) Appointing consuls
  • 20. Who assassinated Caesar, preventing any plans he might have had from being enacted?
A) Pompey's supporters
B) Antony and Octavian
C) Roman citizens
D) The liberatores
  • 21. What was a common method to end debates in the senate?
A) Immediate approval of all proposals.
B) A vote by acclamation.
C) A filibuster by talking until nightfall.
D) Debates were never ended prematurely.
  • 22. Under whose presidency did the comitia calata meet for religious purposes?
A) The consul.
B) The pontifex maximus.
C) The censor.
D) The praetor.
  • 23. What is there no basis to believe Caesar planned for regarding the republican system?
A) Complete abolition
B) Sweeping reform
C) Expansion of territories
D) Reduction of military power
  • 24. What was a key feature of the Roman Republic's early tribunes?
A) Their number at this early time is unclear
B) They declared war on enemies
C) There were exactly ten tribunes
D) They levied taxes
  • 25. What was the primary purpose of Roman assemblies in legislative matters during the middle republic?
A) Drafting new legislation independently.
B) Representing foreign interests.
C) Serving as a legitimizing symbol rather than a deliberative body.
D) Actively debating and rejecting bills.
  • 26. Which law allowed plebiscites to apply to all Romans?
A) Plebiscitum Ovinium
B) Lex Hortensia
C) Senatus consultum ultimum
D) Lex Caecilia Didia
  • 27. How was deference to the senate ingrained in Roman Republic society?
A) Through popular votes
B) By military enforcement
C) Via religious rituals
D) Through aristocratic social norms
  • 28. What was the term length for a consul in the Roman Republic?
A) Ten years
B) Two years
C) One year
D) Five years
  • 29. Who was elected by patrician members of the senate for a term of five days?
A) Aedile
B) Interrex
C) Dictator
D) Quaestor
  • 30. What power did tribunes have to protect individuals from injustice?
A) Auxilium
B) Auctoritas
C) Imperium
D) Intercessio
  • 31. How many voting blocs were there in the centuriate assembly?
A) 100 voting blocs.
B) 50 voting blocs.
C) 193 voting blocs.
D) 300 voting blocs.
  • 32. Who was responsible for coining money in the Roman Republic?
A) Aediles
B) Quaestors
C) Vigintisexviri
D) Dictators
  • 33. Which power did consuls have that allowed them to consult the gods for the people?
A) Imperium
B) The auspices
C) Cursus honorum
D) Prorogation
  • 34. What was a significant influence of late Republican praetors?
A) Roman law
B) Civic infrastructure
C) Military strategy
D) Religious festivals
  • 35. What was one of the consuls' responsibilities during domestic affairs in the Roman Republic?
A) Introducing legislation
B) Leading separate consular armies
C) Administering justice
D) Holding the annual feriae Latinae (a spring festival)
  • 36. How many praetors were there by Sulla's time?
A) Four
B) Eight
C) Two
D) Six
  • 37. What was a primary duty of censors besides conducting the census?
A) Leading military operations
B) Assessing public morality
C) Appointing tribunes
D) Conducting trials
  • 38. What was the term used to describe the inviolability of tribunes?
A) Auctoritas
B) Imperium
C) Potestas
D) Sacrosanct
  • 39. Who argued against the idea that long commands were a rejection of republican principles?
A) Antony
B) Pompey
C) Erich Gruen
D) Julius Caesar
  • 40. Who represented the curiae in the curiate assembly during the middle republic?
A) A council of elders.
B) The Senate.
C) Military tribunes.
D) Thirty lictors.
  • 41. What was the main responsibility of praetors later in the Roman Republic?
A) Commanding armies
B) Holding religious festivals
C) Administering justice
D) Introducing legislation
  • 42. Which magistrate was appointed by consuls to resolve urgent issues?
A) Aedile
B) Quaestor
C) Dictator
D) Magister equitum
  • 43. What marked Rome's path away from a state without domination by a single man?
A) The emperor Tiberius' successful accession in AD 14
B) Caesar's assassination
C) The creation of the triumvirate
D) The establishment of the Senate
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