- 1. The polio vaccine is a critical medical advancement that has played a significant role in the global effort to eradicate poliomyelitis, a potentially debilitating viral disease that primarily affects children. Developed in the early 1950s by Dr. Jonas Salk, the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) uses killed poliovirus to prompt an immune response without causing the disease itself. This was later complemented by Albert Sabin's oral polio vaccine (OPV), which contains weakened forms of the virus and offers the added benefit of easy administration, allowing for mass immunization campaigns. The introduction of these vaccines led to a dramatic decline in polio cases worldwide, with regions such as the Americas and Europe being declared polio-free. Despite its success, challenges remain, particularly in areas where vaccine coverage is low due to political, social, or logistical barriers. Continued vaccination efforts and monitoring are essential to prevent resurgence, as polio is still endemic in a few countries. Public health initiatives emphasize the importance of vaccination not just for individual protection but for community immunity, underscoring the collective responsibility to protect vulnerable populations and strive towards a polio-free future.
Who developed the polio vaccine?
A) Jonas Stalk
B) Jonas Salk
C) Albert Sabin
D) Edward Jenner
- 2. In which year was the polio vaccine first introduced?
A) 1945
B) 1955
C) 1970
D) 1960
- 3. Which of the following types of poliovirus is the most severe?
A) Type 4
B) Type 2
C) Type 1
D) Type 3
- 4. What is the name of the campaign aimed at raising awareness and funds for polio eradication?
A) Stop Measles Today
B) Cure Malaria Forever
C) End Polio Now
D) Eradicate Flu Tomorrow
- 5. What type of virus causes polio?
A) Ebola virus
B) Hepatitis virus
C) Poliovirus
D) Rhinovirus
- 6. What is the name of the condition where poliovirus infects the spinal cord and causes paralysis?
A) Meningitis
B) Encephalitis
C) Arthritis
D) Poliomyelitis
- 7. What is a possible long-term complication of polio infection?
A) Pneumonia
B) Hepatitis
C) Post-polio syndrome
D) Malaria
- 8. What is the term for the practice of vaccinating a large proportion of a population to create community immunity?
A) Herd immunity
B) Solo immunity
C) Individual immunity
D) Small group immunity
- 9. What is the name of the initiative that aims to certify the world as polio-free?
A) End Measles Campaign
B) Malaria Eradication Movement
C) Universal Flu Prevention Project
D) Global Polio Eradication Initiative
- 10. In what year was the oral polio vaccine (OPV) developed?
A) 1961
B) 1985
C) 1978
D) 1955
- 11. In which country did the first polio vaccine trials take place?
A) France
B) United States
C) Germany
D) Japan
- 12. What is the recommended number of doses for the polio vaccine in most vaccination schedules?
A) 4
B) 2
C) 8
D) 6
- 13. Which famous philanthropist has been involved in the global eradication of polio?
A) Elon Musk
B) Mark Zuckerberg
C) Bill Gates
D) Warren Buffett
- 14. In which year was the Global Polio Eradication Initiative launched?
A) 1995
B) 2010
C) 2001
D) 1988
- 15. Which organization leads the Global Polio Eradication Initiative?
A) World Health Organization (WHO)
B) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
C) United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF)
D) Doctors Without Borders
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