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CLJ2 HREDUC
Contributed by: Three
  • 1. A person was dismissed from government service without being informed of the charges. Which constitutional right was violated?
A) Substantive due process
B) Procedural due process
C) Equal protection clause
D) Right to speedy disposition
  • 2. A law prohibits only journalists from criticizing the government. This violates:
A) Equal protection
B) Procedural due process
C) Substantive due process
D) Police power
  • 3. Police arrested a suspect without a warrant and denied him access to counsel. Which is violated?
A) Procedural due process
B) Substantive due process
C) Equal protection clause
D) . Bill of Attainder
  • 4. A city ordinance increases taxes only on students from private universities. This is unconstitutional because:
A) Substantive due process is upheld
B) Free speech is restricted
C) Equal protection is violated
D) Due process is denied
  • 5. Which situation BEST demonstrates substantive due process?
A) Denial of appeal
B) Unfair trial procedure
C) Lack of notice before hearing
D) A law punishing a lawful activity
  • 6. Applying a law only to individuals with a specific surname violates:
A) Ex post facto limitation
B) Equal protection
C) Substantive due process
D) Procedural due process
  • 7. A court admitted evidence obtained illegally. The violation involved:
A) Judicial review
B) Procedural due process
C) Equal protection
D) Substantive due process
  • 8. A suspect claims he was not allowed to defend himself during trial. Which constitutional safeguard supports his claim?
A) Substantive due process
B) Equal protection
C) Habeas corpus
D) Procedural due process
  • 9. . A law allows imprisonment without trial. This shows absence of:
A) Judicial review
B) Due process
C) Delegated legislation
D) Equal protection
  • 10. Government creates a rule that applies equally to all groups unless a valid distinction exists. This reflects:
A) Administrative discretion
B) Substantive due process
C) Reverse discrimination
D) Equal protection of laws
  • 11. To be valid, classification under the equal protection clause must:
A) Favor majority
B) Be arbitrary
C) Be based on reasonable distinction
D) Promote executive power
  • 12. Authorities closed a business without a hearing. What was violated?
A) Equal protection
B) Substantive due process
C) Procedural due process
D) Bill of Rights
  • 13. Law punishing crimes committed before its passage violates:
A) Ex post facto prohibition
B) Substantive due process
C) Equal protection
D) Due process only
  • 14. Equal protection is satisfied when:
A) . It applies the same to foreigners only
B) . It favors the rich
C) Classification is reasonable and applies equally to those similarly situated
D) Majority approves
  • 15. The essence of procedural due process in criminal cases is:
A) Right to fair hearing
B) Executive intervention
C) Special privilege
D) Equal protection
  • 16. A law allows detention based solely on suspicion without hearing. Unconstitutional because it violates:
A) Both procedural & substantive due process
B) Police power
C) Substantive due process
D) Equal protection
  • 17. Which illustrates equal protection in criminal justice?
A) Only wealthy accused receive counsel
B) Only locals are penalized; tourists are exempt
C) Penalties differ for same crime based on religion
D) All accused are entitled to the same defenses and penalties
  • 18. Before license cancellation, the government must notify and hear the driver. This is:
A) Police power
B) Substantive due process
C) Procedural due process
D) Equal protection
  • 19. A law increasing penalties only for a particular ethnic group is invalid due to violation of:
A) Procedural due process
B) Equal protection
C) Separation of powers
D) Police power
  • 20. Substantive due process primarily focuses on:
A) Court procedure
B) Equality of treatment
C) Reasonableness of the law itself C. Court procedure
D) Burden of proof
  • 21. A suspect is interrogated without being informed of his rights. What is the status of his signed confession?
A) Valid only if witnessed by two civilians
B) Inadmissible as evidence
C) Acceptable if notarized
D) Admissible if voluntary
  • 22. Police threaten a suspect with harm unless he confesses. This violates:
A) RA 9745 only-begotten
B) Both RA 7438 & RA 9745
C) RA 7438 only
D) Neither; threat is allowed
  • 23. A suspect requests to talk privately with his lawyer, but officers insist to stay nearby. Is this compliant?
A) Yes, for security reasons
B) No; consultation must be private
C) No; unless recorded
D) Yes, if lawyer agrees
  • 24. Officers must inform the suspect of his rights in a language he:
A) Was taught formally
B) Prefers but must pay for B. Understands
C) Understands
D) Is fluent in only
  • 25. A foreign national is arrested. Which is required?
A) Notify embassy or consular office
B) Inform him in local language only
C) Detain until translator is available, no notice
D) Proceed only after bail posting
  • 26. Under RA 9745, forcing a suspect to watch torture of another person is considered:
A) Valid interrogation strategy
B) Mental/psychological torture
C) Administrative misconduct only
D) Not torture
  • 27. Officers interrogate a suspect whose lawyer arrives but is denied access. Statements obtained:
A) Inadmissible
B) Admissible if voluntarily given
C) Admissible if affirmed in court
D) Valid if recorded
  • 28. A suspect is detained secretly without access to family. This violates:
A) Both RA 7438 & RA 9745
B) Only RA 9745
C) Only RA 7438
D) Neither
  • 29. Which can legally waive custodial rights?
A) By counsel alone
B) Verbally before investigator
C) By arresting officer certification
D) In writing, in presence of counsel
  • 30. Officers request the suspect to sign an apology letter admitting guilt. The suspect signs. Is this valid?
A) No; custodial rights violated
B) Yes, even without counsel
C) Yes, if handwritten
D) Valid if signed voluntarily before 2 witnesses
  • 31. Under RA 7438, a suspect has the right to communicate with family. This applies:
A) Only if bail is approved
B) After evidence is gathered
C) From the moment of arrest
D) Only after arraignment
  • 32. A suspect is denied food and water to force disclosure. This is:
A) Physical torture
B) Lawful custodial pressure
C) Threat only
D) Adjustment technique
  • 33. A minor is arrested. What must police ensure?
A) Presence of a social worker
B) No interview allowed
C) Immediate confession
D) Suspension of rights
  • 34. Which scenario shows lawful interrogation?
A) Use of intimidation to avoid delays
B) Suspect interrogated even after invoking right to silence
C) Private consultation with lawyer prior to questioning
D) Questioning suspect without counsel but rSuspect interrogated even after ecorded
  • 35. Under RA 9745, who has primary liability for torture?
A) Private institutions only
B) Witnesses
C) Family members
D) Law enforcement or persons in authority
  • 36. A suspect signed a confession after hours of sleep deprivation. Resulting evidence is:
A) Valid if translated properly
B) Inadmissible due to coercion
C) Admissible due to signature
D) Valid if lawyer signs
  • 37. A suspect invokes silence. Investigators continue questioning, pressuring him. What violation occurs?
A) Both RA 7438 & RA 9745
B) RA 7438 only
C) None; silence isn't mandatory
D) RA 9745 only
  • 38. Which best applies the right under RA 7438?
A) Advise suspect of rights and allow chosen counsel
B) Delay counsel to secure confession
C) Provide any lawyer, regardless of consent
D) Limit counsel to state-appointed only
  • 39. For documentation under the Anti-Torture Act, which is required?
A) Permission from arresting officer
B) Immediate medical examination of victim
C) Verbal report to media
D) Signed confession only
  • 40. Police enter a house without a warrant after receiving an anonymous tip. No emergency exists. Evidence found is:
A) Admissible if homeowner absent
B) Inadmissible due to invalid entry
C) Admissible if serious crime
D) Valid if recorded on video
  • 41. During a checkpoint, police search a vehicle’s trunk without consent or probable cause. Resulting evidence is:
A) Valid if the driver looks suspicious
B) Admissible only if witness present
C) Valid if contraband is seen
D) Inadmissible for lack of basis
  • 42. A warrant authorizes search of “Juan’s house.” Police also search the neighboring home. This is:
A) Allowed if property is adjacent
B) Invalid; beyond warrant scope
C) Valid if related to same suspect
D) Valid if crime is ongoing
  • 43. Items not listed in a warrant are seized during search. What is required to validate seizure?
A) Items must be tagged immediately
B) Items must be in plain view
C) Items must be uniquely valuable
D) Items must be demanded by complainant
  • 44. A suspect voluntarily allows police to search his car. The search is valid only if:
A) Consent is free and informed
B) Signed by barangay officer
C) Daytime
D) Lawyer is present
  • 45. Police see illegal drugs on a table through an open window. Entry and seizure without a warrant is:
A) Valid only with consent
B) Valid under plain view doctrine
C) Invalid due to lack of warrant
D) Invalid without barangay witness
  • 46. A search warrant issued for “stolen electronics” is used to seize firearms. This seizure is:
A) Valid only if in plain view
B) Valid because weapons are dangerous
C) Valid if same room
D) Automatically invalid
  • 47. A suspect is arrested for theft. Police then search his house without warrant. The search is:
A) Valid if evidence is later found
B) Valid search incident to arrest
C) Valid only if victim requests
D) Invalid; arrest doesn’t include home search
  • 48. A cellphone is seized during legal arrest. To view messages, police must:
A) Obtain warrant
B) Ask informant first
C) Immediately review
D) Forward to prosecutor
  • 49. Warrant must particularly describe:
A) Reason for search
B) Items OR persons sought
C) Only address of area
D) Type of building
  • 50. A judge issues a search warrant for two crimes. Is it valid?
A) Yes if signed by prosecutor
B) No; must be for one offense
C) Valid only in daytime
D) Yes if crimes related
  • 51. A hotel room is searched without a warrant while the guest is inside. No emergency exists. This is:
A) Legal with hotel permission
B) Invalid; privacy applies
C) Valid if guest is foreign
D) Legal if items are visible
  • 52. Evidence seized illegally is:
A) Admissible if confession follows
B) Inadmissible
C) Valid if approved by prosecutor
D) Admissible if relevant
  • 53. Which scenario makes a warrantless arrest valid?
A) Suspect previously convicted
B) Crime committed in officer’s presence
C) Anonymous tip reported crime
D) Suspect found near crime hours later
  • 54. The exclusionary rule provides that:
A) Police must always obtain consent
B) Only stolen items may be seized
C) Illegally obtained evidence is inadmissible
D) Evidence legally obtained must be returned
  • 55. Police knock, the resident opens, and illegal items are visible. Seizure without warrant is justified by:
A) General warrant
B) Hot pursuit
C) Plain view
D) Protective sweep
  • 56. A search was done at the correct house but used an expired warrant. Evidence is:
A) Valid if signed by witness
B) Valid if documented
C) Inadmissible
D) Valid due to correct address
  • 57. A warrant is issued by a judge who never personally evaluated evidence. The warrant is:
A) Valid if police swore affidavit C. Invalid; no personal
B) Invalid; no personal determination
C) Valid if offense is serious
D) Valid if prosecutor confirmed
  • 58. A landlord grants police permission to search a tenant’s room. Evidence found is:
A) Valid if crime suspected
B) Invalid; tenant controls privacy
C) Valid with witness signatures
D) Valid; landlord owns property
  • 59. Police trail a suspect and enter his home while in immediate pursuit. Seizure without warrant is:
A) Valid due to hot pursuit doctrine
B) Invalid because house is private
C) Valid if suspect is armed
D) Valid only with barangay chief present
  • 60. A journalist obtains leaked medical records of a public official and publishes them. Which principle applies?
A) Violates right to privacy despite public status
B) Allowed due to freedom of information
C) Protected speech because official is public figure
D) journalist obtains leaked medical records of a public official and publishes them. Which principle applies?
  • 61. Government prohibits a rally due to credible intelligence of imminent violence. Limitation is based on:
A) Speech always unrestricted
B) Seditious liability only
C) Prior restraint for national security
D) Privacy of participants
  • 62. A suspect is forced to answer questions about involvement in a crime. This violates:
A) Freedom of contract
B) Right against self-incrimination
C) Right to privacy
D) Freedom of speech
  • 63. Police search personal files on a phone during arrest without warrant. This violates:
A) Right to privacy
B) Freedom of speech
C) Immunity clause
D) Right to travel
  • 64. A student posts threats online against a classmate. School sanctions are challenged. Decision?
A) Protected by privacy rights
B) Not protected; threats unprotected
C) Protected speech
D) Exempt if done off-campus
  • 65. Which illustrates a valid limitation on freedom of speech?
A) Censoring academic journals
B) Prohibiting media reporting
C) Restricting obscenity distribution
D) Banning criticism of officials
  • 66. A witness refuses to testify about a friend’s criminal act despite not being implicated. Right against self-incrimination:
A) Applies only with counsel
B) Applies
C) Applies only in civil cases
D) Does not apply
  • 67. A homeowner refuses warrantless entry to officers. Officer insists due to “public curiosity.” Decision?
A) Valid if neighbors complain
B) Invalid; privacy violated
C) Valid only at night
D) Valid; public safety
  • 68. A celebrity sues media for photographing him eating in a public plaza. Likely ruling:
A) No violation; no reasonable expectation of privacy
B) Violation of privacy rights
C) Protected against self-incrimination
D) Criminal act against free speech
  • 69. A citizen refuses to provide handwriting sample in a forgery case. This refusal:
A) Protected only with counsel present
B) Protected; testimonial
C) Not protected; physical evidence
D) Protected unless with warrant
  • 70. Government prohibits distribution of pamphlets urging imminent violent uprising. This is based on:
A) Overbreadth doctrine
B) Clear and present danger
C) Prior restraint ban
D) Strict scrutiny
  • 71. A person declines to answer whether he owns a gun, as answer may incriminate him. Validity?
A) Invalid; weapon is property
B) Valid; testimonial link
C) Invalid; not in court
D) Invalid if witness present
  • 72. A school inspects lockers for prohibited items. No consent needed because:
A) Freedom of speech
B) Right against self-incrimination
C) Reduced expectation of privacy
D) Academic privilege
  • 73. A street protest is allowed but regulated to avoid blocking traffic. This is:
A) Overly restrictive
B) Prior restraint
C) Legitimate time-place-manner regulation
D) Censorship
  • 74. A public servant claims privacy to refuse disclosure of SALN. Decision?
A) Automatic exemption
B) Granted if notarized
C) Denied; transparency interest
D) Granted; personal property
  • 75. A suspect voluntarily confesses at police station. He later claims right against self-incrimination was violated. Valid?
A) No; police can compel silence
B) No; voluntary statements allowed
C) Yes; requires three witnesses
D) Yes; counsel always needed
  • 76. A newspaper exposes tax fraud but includes bank PINs of the subject. Analysis:
A) Illegal; excessive invasion of privacy
B) Allowed under fair comment
C) Legal; public concern
D) Protected editorial
  • 77. The right against self-incrimination protects against:
A) All searches
B) Compelled testimonial evidence
C) All physical tests
D) Mandatory registration
  • 78. A blogger encourages peaceful protests. Authorities arrest him for inciting violence. Decision?
A) Valid if online
B) Invalid; no clear danger shown
C) Valid arrest
D) Valid; all protests can be banned
  • 79. A person claims privacy to block investigation of illegal weapons stored at home. Analysis:
A) Privacy yields to lawful warrant
B) Protected unless public demands
C) Privacy absolute
D) Protected if no confession
  • 80. A man is detained without charges. His family wants immediate release. Which remedy applies?
A) Habeas Data
B) Mandamus
C) Writ of Habeas Corpus
D) Writ of Amparo
  • 81. A woman claims unknown men are surveilling her movements after she criticized officials. She petitions to stop the threat. Which writ is proper?
A) Prohibition
B) Amparo
C) Habeas Data
D) Habeas Corpus
  • 82. Police deny possession of a missing person. Family seeks protection and disclosure of his whereabouts. What is the appropriate remedy?
A) Habeas Corpus only
B) Injunction
C) Habeas Data only
D) Amparo
  • 83. A government agency keeps false information about a citizen affecting his security. Which writ can correct or destroy said data?
A) Prohibition
B) Habeas Data
C) Amparo
D) Habeas Corpus
  • 84. A detainee is transferred secretly between facilities to avoid inspection. To compel production of the body, family may file:
A) Amparo
B) Habeas Corpus
C) Certiorari
D) Prohibition
  • 85. Which remedy focuses on the right to life, liberty, and security, regardless of detention status?
A) Amparo
B) Habeas Data
C) Injunction
D) Habeas Corpus
  • 86. A private corporation stores an individual’s personal files without consent, affecting his privacy. Which writ applies?
A) Prohibition
B) Habeas Data
C) Habeas Corpus
D) Amparo
  • 87. A political activist’s location is concealed by authorities. His family wants release and immediate presentation. Which writ is most appropriate?
A) Habeas Data
B) Habeas Corpus
C) Amparo
D) Quo Warranto
  • 88. A petitioner seeks to stop harassment and threats despite no detention. Which writ applies?
A) Amparo
B) Certiorari
C) Habeas Corpus
D) Habeas Data only
  • 89. A wrongfully detained citizen requests the court to examine cause of restraint. This describes:
A) Amparo
B) Quo Warranto
C) Habeas Data
D) Habeas Corpus
  • 90. Which writ grants access to personal records held by police and permits correction?
A) Mandamus
B) Habeas Corpus
C) Habeas Data
D) Amparo
  • 91. A human rights worker fears abduction by state agents. Which remedy protects her security?
A) Habeas Corpus
B) Certiorari
C) Habeas Data
D) Amparo
  • 92. A soldier in custody is reported dead, but family doubts the claim. They seek to verify and locate him. Remedy?
A) Habeas Corpus
B) Mandamus
C) Amparo
D) Habeas Data
  • 93. A person under surveillance wants to know what information is being collected by police. Best writ?
A) Amparo
B) Habeas Corpus
C) Habeas Data
D) Mandamus
  • 94. . A family wants court protection from threats by unknown armed groups. They do not seek release. What writ?
    L
A) Injunction
B) Amparo
C) Habeas Data
D) Habeas Corpus
  • 95. Person held without warrant asks the court to justify the legality of detention.
A) Habeas Corpus
B) Prohibition
C) Habeas Data
D) Amparo
  • 96. A student believes her personal digital files are tampered with by intelligence units. She requests verification and correction.
A) Certiorari
B) Habeas Corpus
C) Habeas Data
D) Amparo
  • 97. Which writ may compel government to investigate threats to a witness’s life?
A) Quo Warranto
B) Habeas Corpus
C) Amparo
D) Habeas Data
  • 98. . A detainee is lawfully restrained but wants access to personal files held by military. Most appropriate writ?
A) Injunction
B) Amparo
C) Habeas Data
D) Habeas Corpus
  • 99. Petitioners allege enforced disappearance by military agents and seek command responsibility. Proper writ?
A) Amparo
B) Injunction
C) Habeas Data only
D) Habeas Corpus only
  • 100. A mother believes her 17-year-old son is being detained in a police substation without charges for more than 48 hours. What is the most appropriate judicial remedy she should immediately pursue?
A) Writ of Amparo
B) Writ of Habeas Data
C) Writ of Kalikasan
D) Writ of Habeas Corpus
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