A) A massive protest in Madrid B) A successful military coup against Ferdinand VII C) The death of the Spanish monarch D) A naval blockade by British forces
A) The liberal Spanish Constitution of 1812 B) The Royalist Charter of 1808 C) The Treaty of Cordoba D) The Plan of Iguala
A) As a reason to immediately surrender to the insurgents B) As an opportunity to restore absolute monarchy C) As a complete victory for the peasant insurgency D) As a threat to the status quo and a catalyst for creole control
A) The Spanish King withdrew his financial backing B) The royalist treasury was stolen by pirates C) The soldiers were paid in foreign currency D) Town councils refused to raise taxes to support them
A) Because he ran out of gunpowder and supplies B) To prevent creole elites from excluding insurgents from independence C) Because the Spanish government offered him a pardon D) Because he wanted to become the new king
A) Its exclusion of Afro-Mexicans from citizenship B) Its requirement that the king be exiled C) Its removal of all military leaders D) Its high taxation of the Catholic Church
A) Mexico City, March 15, 1821 B) Iguala, February 24, 1821 C) Veracruz, December 25, 1820 D) Oaxaca, January 1, 1821
A) The Roman Catholic Church as the established religion B) The immediate abolition of the monarchy C) Independence from Spain D) Equality for all inhabitants
A) Only European whites can hold government office B) Indians are excluded from holding public office C) Afro-Mexicans must serve in the military to gain rights D) All inhabitants are citizens regardless of their racial background
A) The Army of the Three Guarantees B) The Royalist Coalition Army C) The Independence Militia D) The Southern Liberation Force
A) Blue, white, and gold B) Red, white, and blue C) Green, white, and red D) Purple, yellow, and black
A) Juan Rodriguez B) Gordiano Guzmán C) Ferdinand VII D) Iturbide
A) They wanted to remain loyal to the Spanish King B) They were prohibited from joining due to their race C) They preferred to leave Mexico for another country D) They felt the plan protected the privileges of the elites
A) The protection of the elite B) Liberty and justice for all C) According to their merits and virtues D) Equality of the citizens
A) They were required to reapply for their jobs B) They were allowed to retain their same positions C) They were forced into exile D) They were demoted to lower ranks
A) Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont B) Francisco Javier Venegas C) José de Iturrigaray D) Pedro de Garibay
A) The city council (ayuntamiento) B) The royal military leadership C) The High Court (Audiencia) D) The merchant guild (consulado)
A) Ignacio Allende B) Pedro de Garibay C) Gabriel de Yermo D) Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
A) Francisco Javier Venegas B) Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont C) Pedro de Garibay D) Gabriel de Yermo
A) Ignacio Allende B) Félix María Calleja del Rey C) José María Morelos D) Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
A) Mexico City B) Guanajuato C) Querétaro D) Dolores
A) Josefa Ortíz de Domínguez B) The Virgin of Guadalupe C) Josefa Quintana D) Ana Iraeta de Mier
A) Guanajuato B) Dolores C) Guadalajara D) Mexico City
A) Ferdinand VII B) Louis XVI C) Napoleon Bonaparte D) Charles III
A) 1789 B) 1783 C) 1804 D) 1776
A) Peninsular-born officials B) Indigenous leaders C) Foreign diplomats D) American-born elites
A) Jesuits B) Augustinians C) Franciscans D) Dominicans
A) The Haitian revolutionary council B) Corporate entities C) The French sugar companies D) The Anglo-American congress
A) 1790s B) 1760s C) 1780s D) 1808
A) Sugar production B) Silver mining C) The Catholic Church D) Indigenous textile manufacturing
A) Peninsular-born mine owners B) Haitian revolutionary leaders C) Criollo land owners D) French colonial aristocrats
A) 28 September 1810 B) 16 September 1821 C) 27 September 1810 D) 16 September 1810
A) Agustín de Iturbide B) Ferdinand VII C) Juan O'Donojú D) Joseph Bonaparte
A) Juan O'Donojú B) Agustín de Iturbide C) Vicente Guerrero D) Ferdinand VII
A) 1823 B) 1821 C) 1836 D) 1829
A) A royalist monarchy B) An autocratic military dictatorship C) A Spanish colony D) A federal republic
A) Afro-Mexicans B) Criollos C) Peninsulares D) American Indians
A) 1812 B) 1821 C) 1836 D) 1824
A) Diplomatic negotiation B) Total war C) Guerrilla warfare D) Naval warfare
A) Agustín de Iturbide B) Juan O'Donojú C) Charles IV D) Isidro Barradas
A) 1692 B) 1642 C) 1542 D) 1624
A) William Lamport B) Hernán Cortés C) Cristóbal de Villalpando D) Diego Carrillo
A) Plebeians B) Encomenderos C) Elite Creoles D) The Inquisition
A) A hike in maize prices B) The execution of William Lamport C) The removal of a viceroy D) The New Laws
A) 1799 B) 1692 C) 1810 D) 1624
A) Peninsulares B) Indigenous groups C) Creoles D) African Mexicans
A) Modern Catholicism B) Mexican Catholicism C) Indigenous Catholicism D) Traditional Catholicism
A) Prohibitions on Lay preachers B) The banning of the Spanish language C) The requirement to practice Modern Catholicism D) The abolition of Cofradias
A) Through separate indigenous courts B) Through petitions to the French government C) By ignoring all colonial laws D) Through armed revolution
A) Move up the social ladder B) Lower the status of the Peninsulares to peasants C) Replace the monarchy with a democracy D) Eliminate the social ladder entirely
A) 1810 B) 1808 C) 1776 D) 1821
A) Elementos constitucionales B) The Congress of Anáhuac C) Solemn Act of the Declaration of Independence D) Sentiments of the Nation
A) 72 days B) 100 days C) 30 days D) 50 days
A) November 6 B) December 12 C) January 1 D) March 26
A) Guanajuato B) Acapulco C) Saltillo D) Zacatecas
A) Guadalupe Victoria B) Francisco Javier Mina C) Vicente Guerrero D) Agustín de Iturbide
A) 1816 B) 1815 C) 1820 D) 1817
A) Puebla B) Rio Santander C) Tixla D) Valladolid |