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PES SS1 Economics (OBJ) 3rd Term Exam 2025/2026
Contributed by: School
  • 1. Cost means the amount of __ spent to produce goods or services.
A) Money
B) Time
C) Machines
D) People
  • 2. The total cost of producing a good is the sum of --- and ---cost.
A) Fixed and Variable cost
B) Big and Small cost
C) Good and Bad cost
D) Old and New cost
  • 3. Cost that does not change with level of output is called __.
A) Average cost
B) Variable cost
C) Fixed cost
D) Total cost
  • 4. Example of fixed cost is __.
A) Raw materials
B) Wages of workers
C) Fuel for machines
D) Rent of factory
  • 5. Cost that changes directly with output is called ---.
A) Social cost
B) Variable cost
C) Opportunity cost
D) Fixed cost
  • 6. Example of variable cost is ---.
A) Insurance premium
B) Salary of manager
C) License fee
D) Cost of raw materials
  • 7. Total cost is calculated as ---.
A) TC= Fixed cost - Variable cost
B) TC=Fixed cost + Variable cost
C) TC= Fixed cost / Variable cost
D) TC= Fixed cost * Variable cost
  • 8. The cost of the next best alternative forgone is called ---.
A) Private cost
B) Marginal cost
C) Average cost
D) Opportunity cost
  • 9. The cost of producing one additional unit of output is ---.
A) Average cost
B) Fixed cost
C) Marginal cost
D) Total cost
  • 10. Average Cost is equal to ---.
A) TC - Quantity
B) TC / Quantity
C) FC + VC
D) TC * Quantity
  • 11. An economic system is the way a country organizes and manages its ---.
A) Schools
B) Religion
C) Sports
D) Resources and production of goods and services
  • 12. In a capitalist economy, the means of production are owned by ---.
A) The government
B) The community
C) Private individuals
D) Foreigners only
  • 13. A major feature of capitalism is ---.
A) Government controls everything
B) No competition
C) Equal distribution of wealth
D) Profit motive
  • 14. Which country practices capitalism?
A) Cuba
B) China before 1978
C) United States of America
D) North Korea
  • 15. In socialism, the major means of production are owned by ---.
A) Religious leaders
B) The state or government
C) No one
D) Private individuals
  • 16. A feature of socialism is ---.
A) Equal distribution of wealth
B) Competition
C) Profit maximization
D) Private ownership of factories
  • 17. Socialism aims to reduce ---.
A) Education
B) Jobs
C) Inequality and exploitation
D) Food production
  • 18. A mixed economy combines features of ---.
A) Capitalism and Socialism
B) Socialism and Communalism
C) None of the above
D) Capitalism and Communalism
  • 19. Nigeria operates a --- economic system.
A) Pure Socialism
B) Pure Capitalism
C) Mixed Economy
D) Communalism
  • 20. A feature of communalism is ---.
A) Private ownership
B) Competition
C) Profit motive
D) Self-help and cooperation
  • 21. A practical example of diminishing marginal utility is ---.
A) Saving more money
B) Eating more and more rice at a sitting
C) Buying more cars
D) Working more hours
  • 22. The law of diminishing marginal utility helps to explain ---.
A) Cost of production
B) The law of demand
C) Government revenue
D) The law of supply
  • 23. If TU from 3 oranges = 30 utils and TU from 4 oranges = 36 utils, then MU of the 4th orange = ---.
A) 6 utils
B) 9 utils
C) 30 utils
D) 36 utils
  • 24. The formula for Marginal Utility is ---.
A) MU = Change in TU / Change in Quantity
B) MU = TU + Quantity
C) MU = TU * Quantity
D) MU = TU - Quantity
  • 25. Utility can be measured in units called ---.
A) Kilos
B) Utils
C) Naira
D) Dollars
  • 26. When Marginal Utility becomes negative, Total Utility ---.
A) Increases
B) Becomes zero
C) Remains constant
D) Decreases
  • 27. When Marginal Utility becomes zero, Total Utility is at its ---.
A) Maximum
B) Negative
C) Minimum
D) Zero
  • 28. Which of these best explains the law of diminishing marginal utility?
A) The 5th cup of water gives more satisfaction than the 1st cup
B) All cups give equal satisfaction
C) The 1st cup of water gives more satisfaction than the 5th cup
D) Water has no utility
  • 29. If TU increases at a decreasing rate, MU is ---.
A) Zero
B) Decreasing
C) Increasing
D) Negative
  • 30. The two main types of utility are ---.
A) Private and Social Utility
B) Fixed and Variable Utility
C) Total Utility and Marginal Utility
D) Cost and Revenue Utility
  • 31. Price determination in a free market is done through the interaction of __.
A) Buyers and sellers
B) Demand and Supply
C) Cost and Revenue
D) Government and firms
  • 32. The price at which quantity demanded equals quantity supplied is called __.
A) Controlled price
B) Market price
C) Fixed price
D) Equilibrium price
  • 33. At equilibrium price, there is __.
A) Shortage
B) Surplus
C) High inflation
D) No excess demand or supply
  • 34. If demand increases and supply remains constant, equilibrium price will __.
A) Become zero
B) Remain the same
C) Fall
D) Rise
  • 35. If supply increases and demand remains constant, equilibrium price will __.
A) Double
B) Remain the same
C) Fall
D) Rise
  • 36. A situation where quantity demanded is greater than quantity supplied leads to __.
A) Shortage
B) Surplus
C) Glut
D) Equilibrium
  • 37. A situation where quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded leads to __.
A) Price control
B) Shortage
C) Surplus
D) Equilibrium
  • 38. The forces that bring the market back to equilibrium are __.
A) Advertising
B) Taxation
C) Price mechanism
D) Government policy
  • 39. In the diagram of demand and supply, equilibrium is where the __ curves intersect.
A) Cost and Revenue
B) Demand and Supply
C) Fixed and Variable
D) Private and Social
  • 40. If the price is above equilibrium price, there will be __.
A) Excess supply
B) Excess demand
C) Shortage
D) Black market
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