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Cocos Island - Test
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  • 1. What percentage of the insect species on Cocos Island are endemic?
A) 25%
B) 16%
C) 50%
D) 30%
  • 2. Which order of insects has the greatest diversity on Cocos Island?
A) Coleoptera
B) Orthoptera
C) Lepidoptera
D) Diptera
  • 3. How many species of lizards are found on Cocos Island?
A) Three
B) Five
C) Four
D) Two
  • 4. Which endemic lizard species can be found on Cocos Island?
A) Green sea turtle
B) Galápagos marine iguana
C) Cocos Island anole (Anolis townsendi)
D) Komodo dragon
  • 5. Which bird species is the only member of its genus on Cocos Island?
A) Great frigatebird (Fregata minor)
B) Red-footed booby (Sula sula)
C) Cocos finch (Pinaroloxias inornata)
D) Cocos booby (Sula brewsteri)
  • 6. How many bird species have been reported on Cocos Island?
A) 100
B) Nearly 90
C) 50
D) 70
  • 7. Which of the following is NOT an endemic land bird species on Cocos Island?
A) Cocos finch (Pinaroloxias inornata)
B) Cocos flycatcher (Nesotriccus ridgwayi)
C) White tern (Gygis alba)
D) Cocos cuckoo (Coccyzus ferrugineus)
  • 8. Which organization has designated Cocos Island as an Important Bird Area?
A) BirdLife International
B) Greenpeace
C) World Wildlife Fund
D) International Union for Conservation of Nature
  • 9. How many native land mammal species are there on Cocos Island?
A) Two
B) None
C) One
D) Three
  • 10. Which of the following mammals was NOT introduced by humans to Cocos Island?
A) Goats
B) Cats
C) Deer
D) Pigs
  • 11. How many species of coral are found around Cocos Island?
A) 45
B) More than 30
C) 15
D) 60
  • 12. Which large fish species is known to inhabit the waters surrounding Cocos Island?
A) Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares)
B) Goldfish
C) Catfish
D) Clownfish
  • 13. Which species of shark is known to inhabit the waters around Cocos Island?
A) Great white shark
B) Bull shark
C) Scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini)
D) Tiger shark
  • 14. Which of the following marine animals is NOT mentioned as inhabiting the waters around Cocos Island?
A) Orcas
B) Humpback whales
C) Dolphins (excluding bottlenose dolphins)
D) Sea lions
  • 15. Which of these turtle species is found around Cocos Island?
A) Green turtles (Chelonia mydas)
B) Kemp's ridley turtles
C) Loggerhead turtles
D) Leatherback turtles
  • 16. Which of the following events occurred in December 2017 around Cocos Island?
A) The sighting of a blue whale.
B) An earthquake affecting the island's marine life.
C) The discovery of a new coral species.
D) A female tiger shark killed a New Yorker while scuba diving.
  • 17. In what year was Cocos Island annexed by Costa Rica?
A) 1897
B) 1863
C) 1970
D) 1832
  • 18. What decree number did the Constitutional Assembly of Costa Rica use to annex Cocos Island?
A) 27
B) 54
C) 10
D) 12
  • 19. Until when did whalers regularly stop at Cocos Island?
A) late 18th century
B) early 19th century
C) mid-19th century
D) early 20th century
  • 20. What replaced whale oil for lighting, leading to a decline in whaling visits?
A) inexpensive kerosene
B) gasoline
C) solar power
D) electricity
  • 21. Which ship marooned 426 Tongan former slaves on Cocos Island in October 1863?
A) Adelante
B) Costa Rica
C) Cocos Explorer
D) Tumbes
  • 22. What disease did the Tongan former slaves contract, leading to their marooning?
A) smallpox
B) influenza
C) cholera
D) typhoid fever
  • 23. How many survivors were found when the Tumbes arrived to rescue the marooned Tongans?
A) 200
B) 426
C) 38
D) 100
  • 24. Who was named the first Governor of Cocos Island in 1897?
A) August Gissler
B) John Smith
C) Carlos Alvarado
D) Juan Mora Fernández
  • 25. What type of adventurer and treasure hunter was August Gissler?
A) French
B) British
C) German
D) Spanish
  • 26. On what date was Cocos Island incorporated administratively as the eleventh district of Puntarenas canton?
A) February 5, 2006
B) 1897
C) October 1863
D) May 12, 1970
  • 27. What executive decree number incorporated Cocos Island administratively?
A) 12
B) 27
C) 10
D) 54
  • 28. What is the postal code of Cocos Island as a district?
A) 60110
B) 30003
C) 20002
D) 10001
  • 29. How many residents live on Cocos Island, and what is their occupation?
A) 33 Costa Rican park rangers
B) 50 fishermen
C) 100 tourists
D) 75 scientists
  • 30. In which election were the island's residents allowed to vote for the first time?
A) Costa Rica's February 5, 2006, election
B) October 1863 referendum
C) May 12, 1970, election
D) 1897 local elections
  • 31. Are the park rangers considered permanent residents of Cocos Island?
A) Yes
B) They are only temporary visitors
C) Only during their service period
D) No
  • 32. What is the official Spanish name for Cocos Island?
A) Isla de Puntarenas
B) Isla de Costa Rica
C) Isla del Pacífico
D) Isla del Coco
  • 33. Approximately how far is Cocos Island from the Costa Rican mainland?
A) 700 km northwest
B) 550 km southwest
C) 450 km northeast
D) 300 km southeast
  • 34. In which province and canton of Costa Rica is Cocos Island located?
A) Province of Heredia, Canton of Heredia
B) Province of Alajuela, Canton of Alajuela
C) Province of Puntarenas, Canton of Puntarenas
D) Province of Limón, Canton of Limón
  • 35. What is the approximate area of Cocos Island?
A) 35 km²
B) 10 km²
C) 50 km²
D) 23.85 km²
  • 36. When was Cocos Island designated as a Costa Rican National Park?
A) 1978
B) 1997
C) 2000
D) 1985
  • 37. Who is believed to have discovered Cocos Island in 1526?
A) Fernando de Magallanes
B) Juan de Cabezas
C) Christopher Columbus
D) Hernán Cortés
  • 38. Which explorer anchored his ships Discovery and Chatham in what is now called Chatham Bay?
A) George Vancouver
B) Francisco Pizarro
C) Vasco Núñez de Balboa
D) James Cook
  • 39. When did Cocos Island become a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) 2000
B) 2010
C) 1985
D) 1997
  • 40. What is the typical duration of a sea voyage to reach Cocos Island?
A) 48 to 72 hours
B) 36 to 48 hours
C) 24 to 36 hours
D) 12 to 24 hours
  • 41. What is the name of the map painted on parchment that first mentioned 'Isle de Coques'?
A) Map of Henry II
B) Map of Columbus
C) Map of Vespucci
D) Map of Magellan
  • 42. Which atlas shows Cocos Island right on the Equator?
A) Ortelius' Theatrum Orbis Terrarum
B) Mercator's World Map
C) Ptolemy's Geographia
D) Willem Blaeu's Grand Atlas
  • 43. What did George Vancouver leave on Cocos Island before departing?
A) A time capsule
B) A statue of himself
C) An inscription with the date of arrival, names of ships, and commanders cut on a rock
D) A flagpole with the British flag
  • 44. Which publication stated in 1891 that there was little known about the fauna and flora of Cocos Island?
A) National Geographic
B) Science Magazine
C) The American Naturalist
D) Nature
  • 45. Who was the first person to claim treasure buried on Cocos Island?
A) Captain Bennett Graham
B) Benito Bonito
C) Aeneas Mackintosh
D) Mary Welch
  • 46. Who was the British trader associated with the Treasure of Lima legend?
A) August Gissler
B) José de la Serna
C) Aeneas Mackintosh
D) Captain William Thompson
  • 47. Which organization designated Cocos Island as a World Heritage Site in 1997?
A) Costa Rican government
B) Professional Association of Diving Instructors
C) New7Wonders of the World Foundation
D) UNESCO
  • 48. What is one popular dive spot on Cocos Island known for hammerhead sharks?
A) Bajo Alcyone
B) Manuelina Garden
C) Dos Amigos Grande
D) Wafer Bay
  • 49. Which oceanographer called Cocos Island 'the most beautiful island in the world'?
A) Captain William Thompson
B) Jacques Cousteau
C) August Gissler
D) Aeneas Mackintosh
  • 50. What is strictly prohibited by the Costa Rican government on Cocos Island?
A) Fishing
B) Treasure hunting
C) Scuba diving
D) Tourism
  • 51. Which pirate terrorized the west coast of the Americas around 1818?
A) Aeneas Mackintosh
B) Captain Bennett Graham
C) Benito Bonito
D) Captain William Thompson
  • 52. What was the size of the expanded marine zone designated as a World Heritage Site in 2002?
A) 3,000 km2
B) 500 km2
C) 750 km2
D) 1,997 km2 (771 sq mi)
  • 53. What is the name of the coral garden dive spot on Cocos Island?
A) Wafer Bay
B) Manuelina Garden
C) Dos Amigos Grande
D) Bajo Alcyone
  • 54. Which explorer launched a treasure-hunting expedition to Cocos in 1910?
A) Captain William Thompson
B) Benito Bonito
C) August Gissler
D) Aeneas Mackintosh
  • 55. What type of marine life is abundant in the waters around Cocos Island?
A) Seagrass beds
B) Coral reefs
C) Large pelagic fish species
D) Small reef fish
  • 56. Who announced the expansion of the Galápagos Marine Reserve in 2022?
A) Director of WWF
B) President of Costa Rica
C) UN Environment Programme
D) Ecuadorean President Guillermo Lasso
  • 57. What is the name of the marine reserve that connects with Cocos Island?
A) Galápagos Marine Reserve
B) Cocos Marine Reserve
C) Hermandad Marine Reserve
D) Pacific Marine Reserve
  • 58. What is the primary composition of Cocos Island's rocks?
A) Granite
B) Basalt
C) Limestone
D) Sandstone
  • 59. What type of climate does Cocos Island have?
A) Tropical rainforest climate
B) Mediterranean climate
C) Desert climate
D) Temperate oceanic climate
  • 60. Which current influences the climate of Cocos Island?
A) Kuroshio Current
B) North Equatorial Countercurrent
C) California Current
D) Gulf Stream
  • 61. What is the average annual rainfall on Cocos Island?
A) Under 3,000 mm (118 in)
B) Over 7,000 mm (276 in)
C) Around 5,000 mm (196 in)
D) Approximately 9,000 mm (354 in)
  • 62. What type of forests are found on Cocos Island?
A) Dense tropical moist forests
B) Tundra
C) Savanna
D) Temperate deciduous forests
  • 63. How did the flora and fauna arrive at Cocos Island?
A) Via long-distance dispersal from the Americas
B) From volcanic activity
C) Through land bridges during ice ages
D) By human introduction
  • 64. What is unique about the cloud forests on Cocos Island?
A) They are found at sea level.
B) They have no endemic species.
C) They are similar to those in Europe.
D) They are unique in the eastern Pacific.
  • 65. What type of soil is predominant on Cocos Island?
A) Entisols
B) Spodosols
C) Mollisols
D) Alfisols
  • 66. How many known species of flowering plants are there on Cocos Island?
A) 235
B) 90
C) 128
D) 70
  • 67. What percentage of the flowering plant species on Cocos Island is endemic?
A) Approximately 29.8%
B) 75%
C) 10%
D) 50%
  • 68. What is the predominant tree in the coastal forests of Cocos Island?
A) Avocado (Ocotea insularis)
B) Purple coral tree (Erythrina fusca)
C) Melastoma spp.
D) Palo de hierro (Sacoglottis holdridgei)
  • 69. Up to what elevation do the coastal forests on Cocos Island extend?
A) 50 m
B) 1000 m
C) 500 m
D) 1600 ft
  • 70. Which plant family is not mentioned as part of the understory in the coastal forests?
A) Solanaceae
B) Asteraceae
C) Rubiaceae
D) Leguminosae
  • 71. Which tree is endemic to the inland forests of Cocos Island?
A) Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera)
B) Cecropia pittieri
C) Purple coral tree (Erythrina fusca)
D) Palo de hierro (Sacoglottis holdridgei)
  • 72. What type of plants are festooned at all levels in the inland forests?
A) Aquatic plants
B) Epiphytic plants
C) Carnivorous plants
D) Succulents
  • 73. Which palm is common in the inland forests of Cocos Island?
A) Washingtonia filifera
B) Phoenix dactylifera
C) Sabal palmetto
D) Euterpe precatoria
  • 74. Who theorized that pre-European man cleared areas on Cocos Island for coconut plantations?
A) Thor Heyerdahl
B) Alexander von Humboldt
C) Captain Wafer
D) Charles Darwin
  • 75. What type of navigation was used in pre-Columbian voyages according to Thor Heyerdahl?
A) Magnetic compass navigation
B) Celestial navigation
C) Guara navigation
D) GPS navigation
  • 76. Which species is predominant in the cloud forests of Cocos Island?
A) Cocos nucifera
B) Melastoma spp.
C) Erythrina fusca
D) Sacoglottis holdridgei
  • 77. How many species of ferns and fern allies have been reported on Cocos Island?
A) 74
B) 41
C) 128
D) 90
  • 78. Which family does the pond-apple tree belong to?
A) Annonaceae
B) Malvaceae
C) Rubiaceae
D) Solanaceae
  • 79. What was the outcome of the auction for confiscated goods from the Tiuna?
A) The goods were returned to the poachers
B) It proceeded as planned without interruption
C) The auction raised significant funds for protection
D) It was stopped immediately after a request by the ship's spokesman
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