- 1. Marxism is a social, political, and economic theory developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the 19th century. It is based on the idea that history is a continuous struggle between classes, specifically between the ruling class (bourgeoisie) and the working class (proletariat). According to Marxism, this class conflict is at the core of all societal problems. The ultimate goal of Marxism is to create a classless society where the means of production are owned collectively, eliminating social inequality and exploitation. Marxism also emphasizes the importance of revolution as a means of achieving social change, with the eventual establishment of a communist society where all individuals are equal and have their needs met. Critics of Marxism argue that it is impractical and leads to authoritarianism, while supporters view it as a necessary tool for challenging and transforming oppressive systems.
Who was the founding father of Marxism?
A) Karl Marx
B) Leon Trotsky
C) Vladimir Lenin
D) Friedrich Engels
- 2. Which book did Karl Marx co-write with Friedrich Engels?
A) 1984
B) The Communist Manifesto
C) Das Kapital
D) Animal Farm
- 3. What economic system does Marxism critique?
A) Feudalism
B) Socialism
C) Capitalism
D) Communism
- 4. What is the term for the social class that owns the means of production in Marxism?
A) Peasantry
B) Intellectuals
C) Bourgeoisie
D) Proletariat
- 5. What is the ultimate goal of Marxism?
A) Monopoly control
B) A classless society
C) Military superiority
D) World domination
- 6. Who led the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, which brought Marxism to power?
A) Mikhail Gorbachev
B) Vladimir Lenin
C) Joseph Stalin
D) Leon Trotsky
- 7. What is the term for the working class in Marxism?
A) Aristocracy
B) Lumpenproletariat
C) Bourgeoisie
D) Proletariat
- 8. What is the term for the exploitation of the working class by the ruling class according to Marxism?
A) Budget surplus
B) Income inequality
C) Surplus value
D) Trade deficit
- 9. Who was the leader of China's Communist Party during the Cultural Revolution?
A) Deng Xiaoping
B) Mao Zedong
C) Xi Jinping
D) Chiang Kai-shek
- 10. What is the term for the process of increasing the economic power and influence of a country or business beyond its borders?
A) Nationalism
B) Imperialism
C) Globalization
D) Colonialism
- 11. Who was a prominent Marxist revolutionary in Latin America, leading the Cuban Revolution?
A) Che Guevara
B) Fidel Castro
C) Evo Morales
D) Hugo Chávez
- 12. In Marxism, what is the term used to describe government control of the economy and means of production?
A) Market economy
B) Free enterprise
C) Central planning
D) Laissez-faire
- 13. Which philosopher greatly influenced Marx's ideas on historical materialism?
A) Nietzsche
B) Kant
C) Descartes
D) Hegel
- 14. Which economic concept in Marxism refers to the workers' lack of ownership over the products of their labor?
A) Profit motive
B) Surplus value
C) Exploitation
D) Alienation
- 15. Which revolution in 1917 led to the establishment of a socialist government in Russia?
A) American Revolution
B) October Revolution
C) French Revolution
D) Industrial Revolution
- 16. What is the term for the process of workers selling their labor for a wage in capitalism?
A) Wage labor
B) Entrepreneurship
C) Self-employment
D) Homesteading
- 17. What does Marxism critique about capitalism?
A) Lack of private property
B) Class harmony
C) Exploitation of the working class
D) Equal distribution of wealth
- 18. Which economic system does Marxism advocate for?
A) Feudalism
B) Communism
C) Socialism
D) Capitalism
- 19. The Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and ____?
A) Vladimir Lenin
B) Mao Zedong
C) Friedrich Engels
D) Josef Stalin
- 20. What is the name of the book where Marx laid out his economic theory?
A) Das Kapital
B) Atlas Shrugged
C) The Wealth of Nations
D) The Road to Serfdom
- 21. Which term describes the process of workers coming to identify with the interests of capitalists rather than their own class interests?
A) Class solidarity
B) Alienation
C) Revolutionary spirit
D) False consciousness
- 22. What did Marx describe as the 'opiate of the masses'?
A) Education
B) Social media
C) Entertainment
D) Religion
- 23. According to Marxism, what leads to the eventual downfall of capitalism?
A) Internal contradictions and class struggle
B) Technological advancements
C) Global trade agreements
D) External military conquest
- 24. Which term refers to the theory of historical development in Marxism?
A) Relativism
B) Determinism
C) Existentialism
D) Historical materialism
- 25. What term is used in Marxism to describe the surplus value extracted from labor?
A) Rent
B) Interest
C) Profit
D) Wage
- 26. Which term describes the transition from feudalism to capitalism according to Marxist theory?
A) Primitive accumulation
B) Class emergence
C) Feudal disintegration
D) Market expansion
- 27. Which branch of Marxism focuses on the cultural aspects of society?
A) Revolutionary Marxism
B) Cultural Marxism
C) Political Marxism
D) Economic Marxism
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