A) tend to weight less B) have larger ventricles C) have smaller frontal lobes D) all of the above E) have thinner hippocampal gyri
A) orbitofrontal cortex B) dorsolateral prefrontal cortex C) ventromedial prefrontal cortex D) hippocampus E) amygdala
A) parietal B) none of the above C) temporal D) occipital E) frontal
A) complex dendritic organization; more synapses than normal B) simple dendritic organization; more synapses than normal C) complex dendritic organization; fewer synapses than normal D) simple dendritic organization; fewer synapses than normal
A) pyramidal neurons; hippocampus; frontal B) multimodal neurons; amygdala; temporal C) sensory neurons; primary motor cortex; parietal D) dopamine receptors; basal ganglia; frontal
A) tegmental area B) PAG C) basal ganglia D) tectum E) cerebellum
A) chronic; negative B) chronic; positive C) acute; negative D) acute; positive
A) a dopaminergic dysfunction; more B) structural abnormalities; less C) a dopaminergic dysfunction; less D) structural abnormalities; more
A) a dopaminergic dysfunction; poorly B) structural abnormalities; better C) a dopaminergic dysfunction; better D) structural abnormalities; poorly
A) 50 B) 30 C) 15 D) 10 E) 75
A) testosterone and estrogen B) serotonin C) GABA and glutamate D) norepinepherine E) all of the above
A) heightened; increased B) heightened; decreased C) less; increased D) less; decreased
A) BDNF is upregulated by antidepressant medication. B) BDNF acts to enhanve the growth and survival or neurons and synapses. C) BDNF is downregulated by stress. D) All of the above are true. E) BDNF dysfucntion may adverseley affect monoamine systems through the loss of either neurons or synapses.
A) chronic stress B) sleep difficulty C) negative affect D) anhedonia E) loss of interest
A) dorsolateral and medial prefrontal B) medial thalamus C) orbitofrontal D) amygdala
A) all of the above B) amygdala C) orbitofrontal regions D) medial thalamus
A) none of the above B) hypothalamus C) hippocampus D) prefrontal cortex E) amygdala
A) HPA axis; orbitofrontal cortex B) orbitofrontal cortex; HPA axis C) HPA axis; dorsolateral regions D) dorsolateral regions; HPA axis
A) dorsolateral B) amygdala C) orbitofrontal D) HPA axis
A) emotional processing B) memory and attentional processing C) rumination D) sleep
A) Um...waffles? B) I have no idea. C) False D) True
A) Dementia B) Kluver Bucy syndrome C) Tourette's syndrome D) Huntington's chorea E) Alzheimer's disease
A) apraxia, aphasia, and agnosias B) shrinkage of the cerebral cortex C) thinning of the cerebral cortex D) atrophied basal ganglia with loss of intrinsic neurons and an imbalance of neurotransmitter symptoms E) death of GABA and Acetylcholine neurons in the basal ganglia
A) ACh and GABA neurons die in the Substantia Nigra. B) all of the above C) ACh and GABA neurons die in the cortex. D) ACh and GABA neurons die in the Basal Ganglia. E) none of the above
A) problems of recent memory and information processing B) vocal tics, echolalia, coprolalia, and motor tics C) progressively worse restless involuntary movements D) reduction of activity and interest E) inability to sustain muscle contraction or tongue protrusion
A) none of the above B) frontal-lobe tests C) all of the above D) memory tests E) visual, auditory, and tactile perceptual tests
A) 1. articulated words 2. inarticulate cries 3. multiple tics B) 1. inarticulate cries 2. articulated words 3. multiple tics C) 1. multiple tics 2. multiple tics and inarticulate cries 3. articulated words and multiple tics
A) Tourette's syndrome has a familial/genetic basis. B) Tourette's syndrome usually begins between 2 and 15 years old C) Tourette's syndrome has life long symptoms. D) Tourette's syndrome does not have neurosis or psychosis. E) Tourette's syndrome is less common than previously expected.
A) dopaminergic; basal ganglia B) dopaminergic; cerebellum C) acetylcholine; cerebellum D) acetylcholine; basal ganglia
A) Multiple Sclerosis B) Neurosyphillis C) AIDS D) Korsakoff's syndrome E) Alzheimer's disease
A) Korsakoff's B) Vascular C) Multiple Sclerosis D) Infectious E) Alzheimer's disease
A) occipital areas, superior temporal suclus, and the somatosensory cortex B) the primary motor cortex, the parahippocampal formation, and the entorhinal cortex C) posterior patietal areas, inferior temporal cortex, and the limbic cortex D) the blueberries, the apples, and the oranges
A) dendritic arborization related to widespread cortical atrophy B) none of the above C) neurofibrillary tangles in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus D) increased concentrations of amyloid plaques in the cerebral cortex E) all of the above
A) insula B) hypothalamus C) superior temporal sulcus D) orbitofrontal cortex E) entorhinal cortex
A) immune reactions B) genetics C) watermelon D) abnormal proteins E) trace metals |